Journal of Anthropological Sciences最新文献_第6页

The partial skeleton StW 431 from Sterkfontein - Is it time to rethink the Plio-Pleistocene hominin diversity in South Africa? 来自Sterkfontein的部分骨架StW 431——是时候重新思考南非上新世-更新世人类的多样性了吗?

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.98020

Gabriele A Macho, Cinzia Fornai, Christine Tardieu, Philip Hopley, Martin Haeusler, Michel Toussaint

{"title":"The partial skeleton StW 431 from Sterkfontein - Is it time to rethink the Plio-Pleistocene hominin diversity in South Africa?","authors":"Gabriele A Macho, Cinzia Fornai, Christine Tardieu, Philip Hopley, Martin Haeusler, Michel Toussaint","doi":"10.4436/JASS.98020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4436/JASS.98020","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of the nearly complete Plio-Pleistocene skeleton StW 573 Australopithecus prometheus from Sterkfontein Member 2, South Africa, has intensified debates as to whether Sterkfontein Member 4 contains a hominin species other than Australopithecus africanus. For example, it has recently been suggested that the partial skeleton StW 431 should be removed from the A. africanus hypodigm and be placed into A. prometheus. Here we re-evaluate this latter proposition, using published information and new comparative data. Although both StW 573 and StW 431 are apparently comparable in their arboreal (i.e., climbing) and bipedal adaptations, they also show significant morphological differences. Surprisingly, StW 431 cannot be unequivocally aligned with either StW 573 or other hominins from Sterkfontein commonly attributed to A. africanus (nor with Paranthropus robustus and Australopithecus sediba). This finding, together with considerations about the recent dating of Plio-Pleistocene hominin-bearing sites in South Africa and palaeoecological/palaeoclimatic conditions, raises questions whether it is justified to subsume hominins from Taung, Makapansgat and Sterkfontein (and Gladysvale) within a single taxon. Given the wealth of fossil material and analytical techniques now available, we call for a re-evaluation of the taxonomy of South African Plio-Pleistocene hominins. Such an endeavour should however go beyond the current (narrow) focus on establishing an A. africanus-A. prometheus dichotomy.","PeriodicalId":48668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Sciences","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38391896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Another interpretation of Homo antecessor. 对“祖先人”的另一种解释。

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.98016

Francesc Ribot Trafí, Mario García Bartual, Eulalia García-Nos, Alfredo José Altamirano Enciso, Alexander J Nevgloski, Qian Wang

引用次数: 0

Breaking through the Aquitaine frame: A re-evaluationon the significance of regional variants during theAurignacian as seen from a key record in southern Europe 突破阿基坦框架:从南欧关键记录看奥日尼亚期区域变异的意义

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.98021

Armando Falcucci, Nicholas J Conard, Marco Peresani

{"title":"Breaking through the Aquitaine frame: A re-evaluation\u0000on the significance of regional variants during the\u0000Aurignacian as seen from a key record in southern Europe","authors":"Armando Falcucci, Nicholas J Conard, Marco Peresani","doi":"10.4436/JASS.98021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4436/JASS.98021","url":null,"abstract":"The cultural dynamics that led to the appearance of the Aurignacian have intrigued archaeologists since the start of Paleolithic research. However, cultural reconstructions have often focused on a restricted region of Europe, namely the northern Aquitaine Basin. The Mediterranean Basin, though, is also a region worthy of consideration when testing if the Protoaurignacian was followed by the Early Aurignacian adaptive system. Fumane Cave is a pivotal site for tackling this issue because it contains evidence of repeated human occupations during the time span of the European Aurignacian. Here we investigate the diachronic variability of the lithic assemblages from five cultural units at Fumane Cave using a combination of reduction sequence and attribute analyses. This paper also reassesses the presence and stratigraphic reliability of the organic artifacts recovered at Fumane Cave. Our results show that the features of the Protoaurignacian techno-typology are present throughout the stratigraphic sequence, and by extension, to the onset of Heinrich Event 4. Additionally, the appearance of split-based points in the youngest phase is evidence of extensive networks that allowed this technological innovation to spread across different Aurignacian regions.","PeriodicalId":48668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Sciences","volume":"98 ","pages":"99-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38733108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Frontal bone virtual reconstruction and geometric morphometric analysis of the mid-Pleistocene hominin KNM-OG 45500 (Olorgesailie, Kenya). 中更新世古人类KNM-OG 45500 (Olorgesailie, Kenya)的额骨虚拟重建与几何形态分析

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.98022

Tommaso Mori, Antonio Profico, Hugo Reyes-Centeno, Katerina Harvati

{"title":"Frontal bone virtual reconstruction and geometric morphometric analysis of the mid-Pleistocene hominin KNM-OG 45500 (Olorgesailie, Kenya).","authors":"Tommaso Mori, Antonio Profico, Hugo Reyes-Centeno, Katerina Harvati","doi":"10.4436/JASS.98022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4436/JASS.98022","url":null,"abstract":"KNM-OG 45500 is a hominin fossil composed of parts of a frontal bone, left temporal bone, and cranial vault pieces. Since its discovery along the Olorgesailie Formation (Kenya) in 2003, it has been associated with the Homo erectus hypodigm. The specimen, derived from a geological context dated to ca. 900 Ka BP, has been described as a very small individual of probable female sex. However, despite its status as an important hominin specimen, it has not been used in a quantitative comparative framework because of its fragmentary condition. Here, we undertake a virtual reconstruction of the better-preserved fragment, the frontal bone. We additionally apply geometric morphometric analyses, using a geographically diverse fossil and modern human sample, in order to investigate the morphological affinities of KNM-OG 45500. Our results show that the frontal shape of KNM-OG 45500 exhibits similarities with Early Pleistocene fossils from Eurasia and Africa that are assigned to H. erectus sensu lato (s.l.). Its size, on the other hand, is notably smaller than most other Homo erectus fossils and modern humans and similar to the specimens from Dmanisi (Georgia) and to Homo naledi. Taken together, our analyses of the frontal bone suggest a taxonomic attribution of KNM-OG 45500 to H. erectus s.l. and extend even further the range of size variability associated with this taxon around 900 Ka BP.","PeriodicalId":48668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Sciences","volume":"98 ","pages":"49-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38733109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Sex differences in bonobo (Pan paniscus) terrestriality: implications for human evolution. 倭黑猩猩(Pan paniscus)陆地性的性别差异:对人类进化的启示。

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.98019

Frances J White, Colin M Brand, Alexana J Hickmott, India R Minton

{"title":"Sex differences in bonobo (Pan paniscus) terrestriality: implications for human evolution.","authors":"Frances J White, Colin M Brand, Alexana J Hickmott, India R Minton","doi":"10.4436/JASS.98019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4436/JASS.98019","url":null,"abstract":"Recent finds in hominin fossil environments place the transition to terrestriality in a wooded or forested habitat. Therefore, forest-dwelling apes can aid in understanding this important evolutionary transition. Sex differences in ape locomotion have been previously attributed to sexual dimorphism or ecological niche differences between males and females. This study examined the hypothesis that differential advantages of terrestrial travel may impact mating success in male bonobos. We examined whether males are more terrestrial when there are mating benefits for fast travel. We analyzed behavioral data on wild bonobos over a ten-month period in the Lomako Forest, DRC and examined the proportion of time spent at lower heights compared to higher heights between adult females and males relative to their location to feeding contexts with high mating frequencies. We found a significant interaction between sex and height class away from food patches (F=4.65, df =1, p <0.05) such that females were primarily arboreal whereas there was no difference between males across height classes. However, there was also a significant interaction between sex and height class (F =29.35, df =1, p <0.0001) for adults traveling near or entering a food patch. Males often arrived at food patches terrestrially and females arrived almost exclusively arboreally. We found a significant difference between the expected and observed distribution of matings by food patch context (G =114.36, df =4, p <0.0001) such that most mating occurred near or in a food patch. These results suggest that males may travel terrestrially to arrive at food patches before cohesive parties of females arrive arboreally, in order to compete with other males for mating access to these females. Such intrasexual selection for sex differences in locomotion may be important in considerations of the evolution of locomotion strategies in hominins in a forested environment.","PeriodicalId":48668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Sciences","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38391895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reshaping the flagship initiatives of the Italian Institute of Anthropology in the new pandemic world. 在新的流行病世界中重塑意大利人类学研究所的旗舰倡议。

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.98023

Giovanni Destro Bisol

引用次数: 0

DNA barcoding of primates and the selection of molecular markers using African Great Apes as a model. 灵长类动物的DNA条形码和以非洲类人猿为模型的分子标记选择。

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.98017

Amy S Jackson, Vincent Nijman

{"title":"DNA barcoding of primates and the selection of molecular markers using African Great Apes as a model.","authors":"Amy S Jackson, Vincent Nijman","doi":"10.4436/JASS.98017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4436/JASS.98017","url":null,"abstract":"Ambiguities within species description and identification may compromise research validity. Species identification has typically been based upon morphological characteristics, yet recent technological advances have led to identifications achieved via DNA approaches, including DNA barcoding. DNA barcoding studies typically use cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) as the proposed universal molecular marker for animals. Here, we test 12 mitochondrial protein coding genes for the presence of a clear barcoding gap allowing us to unequivocally define species. Using the African Great Apes as our model group, we assess this at the species (Pan troglodytes), genus (Pan) and family (Hominidae) level. Based on 279 complete mitochondrial genomes, sequences were partitioned by gene for analysis and pairwise distances were calculated. No barcoding gap was observed at the within species level, i.e., the four recognised chimpanzee taxa were not distinguishable through DNA barcoding. However, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COII) produce the largest barcoding gaps at the genus (ND5 2%, COII 0.5%) and family (ND5 1.5%, COII 0.5%) level. Rather than focusing on COI, our analysis suggests that these two genes may be more, or at least as, appropriate markers in primate species delineation, with uses in the identification of extinct and extant species. Further use may be beneficial to taxonomists, providing additional evidence and new insights for these morphologically similar species.","PeriodicalId":48668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Sciences","volume":"98 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38610394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Mosaic evolution in hominin phylogeny: meanings, implications, and explanations. 古人类系统发育中的镶嵌进化:意义、暗示和解释。

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-31 Epub Date: 2019-06-24 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.97001

Andrea Parravicini, Telmo Pievani

引用次数: 7

Morphological variability of Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic skulls from Sicily. 西西里岛旧石器时代晚期和中石器时代颅骨的形态变异。

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-31 Epub Date: 2019-12-10 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.97009

Manon Galland, Giuseppe D'Amore, Martin Friess, Roberto Micciché, Ron Pinhasi, Vitale Stefano Sparacello, Luca Sineo

{"title":"Morphological variability of Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic skulls from Sicily.","authors":"Manon Galland, Giuseppe D'Amore, Martin Friess, Roberto Micciché, Ron Pinhasi, Vitale Stefano Sparacello, Luca Sineo","doi":"10.4436/JASS.97009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4436/JASS.97009","url":null,"abstract":"Scenarios for the dispersal of Homo sapiens in Southern Europe and in the Mediterranean basin have been uncertain, given the scarceness of osteological samples and the simplicity of the proposed archaeologically-based settlement hypotheses. According to available data, the first anatomically modern humans entered Sicily during the Late Pleistocene, coming from the Italian peninsula. A presumably small Late Epigravettian population colonised coastal sites. Later, North-Western archaeological horizons gave hospitality to a significant Mesolithic expansion. In order to verify a hypothesis of continuity in the peopling of the island, we analyzed Sicilian skulls from the Late Epigravettian site of San Teodoro, Eastern Sicily (AMS 14C dated at 14,500 BP) and from the Mesolithic period (14C dated from 9,500 to 8,500 BP) coming from various sites (Uzzo, Molara, Grotta d'Oriente) located on the North Western coast of the island. The aims were to test the biological variability through time within the island as well as to evaluate the relationships of Sicilian Pleistocene hunter-gatherers with Old World populations. We also evaluated the Sicilian Mesolithic uniformity especially between the Uzzo and Grotta d'Oriente sites, given their vicinity and accessibility during the Early Holocene. We applied 3D geometric morphometric methods to assess shape variation as well as geographic and diachronic morphological patterns. All analyzed specimens, plus a comparative sample from the Old World dated from the Upper Paleolithic to recent periods, were transformed in digital images and standard craniofacial landmarks were extracted from the 3D models. Our results underline a high variability among the Mesolithic specimens, as well as a large craniometric distance from the presumed founder Paleolithic settler representatives (San Teodoro specimens) that have closer morphological affinities with other European Upper Paleolithic specimens.","PeriodicalId":48668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Sciences","volume":"96 ","pages":"151-172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37519844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

What does Homo antecessor tell us about the origin of the "emergent humanity" that gave rise to Homo sapiens? 关于产生智人的“新兴人类”的起源，人类祖先告诉了我们什么?

IF 1.8 2区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-31 Epub Date: 2019-12-20 DOI: 10.4436/JASS.97012

José María Bermúdez de Castro, María Martinón-Torres

引用次数: 7