Sustainable Cities and Society最新文献

{"title":"Revealing the impacts of 3D urban morphology on surface temperature considering geometry heterogeneity, component contribution, and scale effect","authors":"Yifei Zhao ,&nbsp;Yunhao Chen ,&nbsp;Kangning Li","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D urban morphology profoundly alters the urban thermal environment by reshaping the local heat flux and surface energy balance. However, the impacts of geometry heterogeneity of buildings, component contribution, and scale effect of 3D urban morphology on surface temperature remain largely unknown. To address these issues, this study employed ENVI-met to simulated the thermal environment of 117 heterogenous urban scenes and estimated the impacts of 3D urban morphology indicators. These scenes were parametrically generated with a range of building height (BH), size (BS) and interval (BI) in order to construct a controllable and heterogenous sample set of 3D urban morphology. The results indicate that (1) Sky view factor (SVF), aspect ratio (AR), and floor area ratio (FAR) cause smaller building geometry heterogeneity losses than other indicators at a fine scale; (2) The contribution of 3D urban morphology indicators to the floor, wall and roof temperature differs, with a ratio of about 43.84 %, 49.01 %, 7.15 %; (3) Scale effect significantly affect the contribution of urban 3D morphological indicators to surface temperature, yet exert minimal influence on the performance in characterizing building geometry. These results reveal the interaction regularity between 3D urban morphology and surface temperature, and provide a valuable reference for multi-scale simulation of urban surface temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 106093"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping heat vulnerability in Australian capital cities: A machine learning and multi-source data analysis","authors":"Fei Li ,&nbsp;Tan Yigitcanlar ,&nbsp;Madhav Nepal ,&nbsp;Kien Nguyen ,&nbsp;Fatih Dur ,&nbsp;Wenda Li","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat vulnerability has emerged as a global concern amidst ongoing urbanisation and climate change. While numerous studies have examined heat vulnerability, a gap remains in the application of machine learning to this field. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating the effectiveness of various machine learning algorithms in assessing heat vulnerability across Australian capital cities using heat-related indicators. The findings reveal that: (a) The Random Forest algorithm outperforms the others, achieving a training R² of 0.9179 and a testing R² of 0.9089, indicating its superior performance in assessing heat vulnerability in Australian capital cities; (b) The spatial analysis reveals significant regional disparities, with higher vulnerability in densely populated urban areas and lower vulnerability in green, less developed suburban and rural areas, necessitating tailored heat mitigation strategies; (c) Heat vulnerability analysis reveals that Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and Greater Darwin (GDRW) have the lowest proportions of highly vulnerable Statistical Area Level 1 (SA1) units, whereas Greater Hobart (GHBA) and Greater Adelaide (GADL) have the highest ones, a clear indication of significant regional disparities, again pointing to tailored mitigation and adaptation strategies; and (d) The sensitivity analysis reveals that personal health conditions and socio-demographic characteristics, such as personal illness status, age, and education level, play dominant roles in determining heat vulnerability, overshadowing the impact of environmental and infrastructural factors. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of heat vulnerability in Australian capital cities and offers valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers to develop data-driven mitigation and adaptation strategies for enhanced urban sustainability and climate resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 106079"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143146083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanization induced Urban Canopy Parameters enhance the heatwave intensity: A case study of Beijing","authors":"Tuo Chen ,&nbsp;Shirao Liu ,&nbsp;Xuecao Li ,&nbsp;Lin Pei ,&nbsp;Mengqing Geng ,&nbsp;Guojiang Yu ,&nbsp;Zitong Shi ,&nbsp;Tengyun Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban morphology, characterized by Urban Canopy Parameters (UCPs), significantly impacts the local climate. Presently, due to the absence of long-term UCP datasets, their effects on urban climate modeling have not been comprehensively analyzed, especially under a complicated urbanization background. Therefore, we developed a dataset of UCPs for Beijing from 1985 to 2023 annually to characterize the spatial heterogeneity of urban land surface induced by urbanization. After that, using the Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with single layer urban canopy model (WRF-SLUCM), we conducted high-resolution numerical simulations with different UCPs under diverse urbanization stages (UCP1985 and UCP2023) in Beijing during a heatwave episode in June 2023. The developed UCPs indicated significant spatiotemporal changes in Beijing's urban morphology, particularly in the suburbs. Different UCPs were associated with distinct trends, while there were strong positive correlations between UCPs with similar physical meanings. Additionally, the simulation results of the WRF model with UCP2023 showed that the average temperature increased 3.10 °C at nighttime, compared to UCP1985. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of warming in suburban was more significant than in urban and rural regions. The variations in 3D characteristics of urban morphology played an important role in clearly depicting the urban thermal environment. Our results offer a new approach to revealing the nexus between urban morphology and urban climate, showing great potential to promote sustainable urban planning and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 106089"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planning for livable compact vertical cities: A quantitative systematic review of the impact of urban geometry on thermal and visual comfort in high-rise precincts","authors":"Helen Caswell ,&nbsp;Sara Alidoust ,&nbsp;Jonathan Corcoran","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, urbanisation and population growth trends are fundamentally reshaping cities. More compact vertical urban forms are emerging in a greater diversity of locations. However, research since the 1960s has consistently raised questions about the health and wellbeing consequences of living the “high life”. The Covid-19 pandemic also brought into sharp focus potential vulnerabilities. A quantitative systematic literature review process has identified the current state of research on high-rise (HR) precincts with respect to four key environmental quality objectives that have implications for health and wellbeing - thermal comfort, daylighting, visual privacy, and outlook. The review selected 72 studies and identified widely accepted and proven concepts, methods, and variables; correlations; and gaps in the current literature. Broad ranging evidence to support the setting of planning and urban design parameters in HR precincts with respect to urban heat, ventilation, and daylighting was identified, but there is limited evidence to support measures aimed at supporting visual privacy, and outlook. Research has confirmed associations between the objectives and a limited number of urban geometry variables including building height. Increasingly, green surface cover is of interest but the relative benefits of green strategies over urban form strategies is yet to be proven in a range of climate contexts. A person-environment fit research framework is presented to support multi-objective optimisation and cross-cutting research connecting urban planning, urban physics, and urban health related research. The integration of post-occupancy evaluations to ensure that lived experience, satisfaction, and preferences are considered in the weighting of objectives is advocated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 106007"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of non-linear influence mechanisms of traditional courtyard forms on thermal comfort in winter and summer: A case study of Beijing, China","authors":"Wenke Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Shi ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Xukai Zhao ,&nbsp;Jinlong Ruan ,&nbsp;Chuang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional courtyard architecture offers superior climate regulation function through its unique enclosed spatial form, which is significant in mitigating global warming, urban heat islands, and promoting sustainable urban development. However, existing research has not thoroughly explored the comprehensiveness of climate zones, the systematicity of morphological elements, and the non-linear mechanisms. This study investigates traditional courtyards in Beijing using an integrated approach combining field survey, ENVI-met numerical simulation, machine learning, and SHAP interpretation methods to reveal the non-linear influence mechanisms of courtyard morphology on thermal comfort. The results show that: 1) The XGBoost model achieves high accuracy in fitting study data, with R² values of 0.99 and 0.85 for training and test sets, respectively; 2) The contribution of the built environment to thermal comfort in winter and summer (70 % and 52 %, respectively) is significantly higher than that of the natural environment, especially in winter; 3) Morphological features affect thermal comfort in winter and summer in a mostly synergistic way, but there are differences in the curve trend, threshold distribution, and the range of benefits, e.g., the benefits of Sky View Factor (SVF) on thermal comfort in winter and summer can be up to 2.0 °C and 1.5 °C, respectively; (4) The enhancement of thermal comfort of traditional courtyards in Beijing can be achieved through parameters such as aspect ratio (HAR), shape index (SI), and building coverage (BDG), but the implementation process is susceptible to limitations such as cultural values. The conclusions of this study make up for the shortcomings of current research areas, influencing elements, and research methods and help promote the sustainable development of courtyards in similar climatic and cultural contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 106124"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paving the path to urban flood resilience by overcoming barriers: A novel grey structure analysis approach","authors":"Huifang Sun ,&nbsp;Wenxin Mao ,&nbsp;Dang Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2025.106187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban flood resilience is essential to address increasingly flood risks through dynamic adjustments and proactive adaptations. However, the enhancement of urban flood resilience is challenged by various institutional, socioeconomic, technological and environmental barriers, particularly given the long-term, multi-stakeholder, and multi-resource nature of the problem. These barriers are interconnected and influence each other, requiring a systematic approach to understand them rather than addressing them piecemeal. This paper introduces a novel grey structure analysis approach based on grey possibility DEMATEL-ISM to identify the causal relationships and hierarchical structure among barriers. The goal is to systematically explore the best strategies and timing for overcoming these barriers. The findings indicate that institutional barriers, such as policy deficiencies and weak regulatory enforcement, are foundational challenges that must be addressed in the short term. Prioritizing institutional and technological barriers can mitigate the impact of surface-level barriers related to the natural environment and emergency response. Moreover, stakeholders underestimate the roles of public participation and natural environment barriers in urban flood resilience strategies. This highlights the need for a more balanced consideration of these barriers in long-term resilience planning to reduce the vulnerabilities of the public and marginalized groups and enhance ecosystem-based urban resistance and recovery capabilities. The urban heterogeneity of flood resilience barriers indicates cities in developing countries face policy gaps, limited technology, and resource constraints, while developed countries struggle with policy misalignment, underutilized technology, and bureaucratic inefficiencies in emergency management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 106187"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reducing the social inequity of neighborhood visual environment in Los Angeles through computer vision and multi-model machine learning","authors":"Siqin Wang ,&nbsp;Jooyoung Yoo ,&nbsp;Wenhui Cai ,&nbsp;Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Xiao Huang ,&nbsp;Qian Chayn Sun ,&nbsp;Shaokun Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aligning with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals, the focus on creating safe, sustainable cities and enhancing the wellbeing of individuals across all age groups has become a central aspect of urban planning and environmental management. The environments we live in significantly influence our thoughts, emotions, and interactions with the world around us. Our study aims to unveil the social inequity of citizens’ wellbeing, reflected by their perception on neighborhood environment (e.g., feeling of depression), across different social/vulnerable groups (i.e., White, Black, Asian, Hispanic, low-income, low-educated, and unemployed) via crowdsourced street view imageries and computer vision. Specifically, we quantified the actual built environment in the 5D dimensions (i.e., density, diversity, design, distance, and destination) based on multiple sources; measured six types of neighborhood visual environment (i.e., perception of beautiful, safe, wealthy, liveable, boring and depressing) and the overall neighborhood soundness index by using computer vision technique and street view imageries collected from Mapillary; and unveiled the actual built environmental features that are associated with people's visual perception towards the surrounding environment via multi-model machine learning methods. Our pilot study in Los Angeles County finds that neighborhoods with higher concentrations of Black, Hispanic, low-income, low-educated, and unemployed populations are perceived as less beautiful, liveable, safe, and wealthy. The most important actual built environment features positively influencing human perception include the density of canopy, followed by the density of multiple units, the distance to CBD, and car commuting to destinations, regardless of social groups. Our key findings provide place-based evidence for the design and upgrading of the community environment that further affects people's daily activity and living style. Our framework and methods can be applied to cross-disciplinary studies, aiding urban planning and healthy city initiatives with place-based evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 106062"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simplified machine learning model to forecast individual thermal comfort in older adults’ residential spaces without relying on wearable devices","authors":"Junsoo Lee,&nbsp;Seungwon Seo,&nbsp;Soeun Han,&nbsp;Choongwan Koo","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermal environment significantly affects the psychological and emotional stability of older adults. Prior studies assessing personal parameters in thermal comfort relied on qualitative methods, failing to account for variations due to real-time activity levels. While wearable devices measuring real-time heart rates were used to estimate personalized thermal conditions, the low acceptance among older adults remains a challenge. To address this, a simplified machine learning model was developed to forecast individual thermal comfort in older adults’ residential spaces without relying on wearable devices. The model utilized personal, environmental, and temporal variables as proxies to predict thermal comfort without real-time heart rate data. Conducted in a living-lab with eight older adults at the \"G\" senior welfare agency in Gimje, Korea, this study collected real-time environmental and personal data from March 2022 to February 2023. Key findings include: (i) variations in individual activity levels significantly impacted thermal comfort even under similar thermal environments; (ii) the proposed approach achieved high accuracy in predicting thermal comfort, with a mean absolute error of 0.048; (iii) error pattern analysis suggested strategies to refine forecast accuracy. This approach provides a practical and systematic solution for managing thermal comfort, addressing the wearable device acceptance challenge among older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 106085"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the impact of urban block morphological factors on carbon emissions introducing the different context of local climate zones","authors":"Yuchen Qin ,&nbsp;Jian Kang ,&nbsp;Haizhu Zhou ,&nbsp;Shen Xu ,&nbsp;Gaomei Li ,&nbsp;Chenqi Li ,&nbsp;Wenjun Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the relationship between urban block morphology and carbon emissions is essential for developing effective low-carbon strategies, as it determines the buildings’ contextual form and microclimate, substantially affecting buildings’ energy demand. However, traditional indicators or typological methods define the buildings contextual form only through geometric features, which cannot fully reflect the complexities of urban environments and lack a unified spatial framework, hindering the establishment of standardized urban form-carbon emission mapping relationships. This study examines the compound effects of urban morphology on carbon emissions using a linear mixed-effects model, incorporating Local Climate Zones (LCZ) as the contextual form. The results demonstrate that LCZ explains 65.26% of the variation in carbon emission levels across blocks and significantly influences the relationship between urban morphology and carbon emissions. LCZ2 is one of the optimal low-carbon block morphological prototype. Building shape factor, height-to-width ratio, floor area ratio, building coverage ratio, and the facade area index are key design indicators that affect carbon emissions, with additional random effects as LCZ type changes. These findings suggest that the LCZ framework can help elucidate the relationship between block urban morphology, buildings contextual form and carbon emissions, and can be used to develop climate-responsive, low-carbon urban planning solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 106073"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying publicly perceived high temperature thresholds across Chinese cities using geotagged social media data","authors":"Rui Xu ,&nbsp;Jiawei Yi ,&nbsp;Wei Qi ,&nbsp;Yunyan Du ,&nbsp;Sheng Huang ,&nbsp;Nan Wang ,&nbsp;Jiale Qian ,&nbsp;Wenna Tu ,&nbsp;Dingchen Hu ,&nbsp;Ting Ma ,&nbsp;Ashraf Dewan","doi":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scs.2024.106115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over recent decades, there has been a marked increase in the frequency and intensity of high temperature events (HTEs) at a global scale, posing profound impacts on human society and on the ecological environment. Recognizing the variability in public perception of high temperatures across different regions is critical for developing localized heat adaptation and mitigation measures. This study developed an ensemble approach to investigate the geographical variations in public perception of high temperatures across 351 Chinese cities using geotagged microblogs. The results revealed that the perceived high temperature thresholds were significantly lower than the heat warning standard, and apparent temperature thresholds exhibited greater variability and better characterize perceived thermal discomfort across cities. The thresholds are significantly associated with climatic factors such as mean temperature and warming trend, as well as socio-economic factors including population density, electricity consumption, green space, and nighttime urban heat island intensity. The research findings also revealed the potential underestimation of exposure to heat risk in many cities, particularly in northeastern and southwestern China. This study demonstrated the value of social media data in understanding public perception of heat and emphasized the importance of considering local adaptability in developing effective heat warning and mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48659,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Cities and Society","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 106115"},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143145426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}