International Journal of Older People Nursing最新文献

{"title":"Predictors of Performing Function Focused Care","authors":"Kelly Doran, Douglas Gyamfi, Siijun Zhu, Amylee Anyoha, Lauren Anderson, Abaneh Ebangwese, Barbara Resnick","doi":"10.1111/opn.70088","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opn.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sedentary behaviour is highly prevalent among residents, with 84% classified as sedentary. Function Focused Care (FFC) encourages resident participation in activities to reduce inactivity. This study examined factors influencing independent living, assisted living, nursing home and memory care staff's engagement in FFC, hypothesising that staff with lower sedentary behaviours, higher physical activity and FFC knowledge, higher self-efficacy and outcome expectations for FFC, and higher decision authority would increase FFC engagement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined factors influencing independent living, assisted living, nursing home and memory care staff's engagement in FFC, hypothesising that staff with lower sedentary behaviours, higher physical activity and FFC knowledge, higher self-efficacy and outcome expectations for FFC, and higher decision authority would increase FFC engagement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline data (<i>n</i> = 139) from a randomised controlled trial were analysed in this cross-sectional study. Staff from six facilities provided accelerometer-measured sedentary behaviour data, as well as completed FFC behaviour observations and surveys on self-efficacy, knowledge, decision authority and demographics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample was predominantly female (88.2%) and African American (67.9%). Staff exhibited an average sedentary time of 11.60 h/day (SD = 2.76). Generalised linear mixed models identified that sedentary behaviour (IRR = 1.25, <i>p</i> < 0.001) was significantly associated with less FFC behaviours. Also, working as a direct care worker (IRR = 0.22, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and older age (IRR = 0.96, <i>p</i> = 0.033) were significantly associated with more FFC behaviours.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Staff engaged in high levels of sedentary activity. Our data suggest that the risk of not performing FFC with residents increased as workers' sedentary behaviours increased.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications for Practice</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings from this study suggest that providing programs and encouraging staff to increase time spent in physical activity may translate to staff helping to provide residents with FFC and thereby increasing the time spent in physical ac","PeriodicalId":48651,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Older People Nursing","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/opn.70088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148425650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurses' Ethical Competence, Perceived Ethical Climate and Stereotypes of Older Adults: A Cross Sectional Survey","authors":"Anna-Liisa Arjama, Mari Kangasniemi, Riitta Suhonen","doi":"10.1111/opn.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opn.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nurses' ethical competence and the ethical climate of healthcare settings are critical in promoting high-quality and individualised care. However, these factors may also contribute to various stereotypes that healthcare professionals hold towards older adults, potentially hindering the recognition of patients' individuality. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between nurses' characteristics, ethical competence, perceived ethical climate and stereotypes towards older adults in long-term care settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a cross sectional survey study. Nurses working in long-term care settings for older adults in Finland participated in the study between 2024 and 2025. The survey included three self-administered instruments: the Ethical Competence Questionnaire, [Hospital] Ethical Climate Survey and Stereotype Content and Strength Survey. The data were analysed using multiple regression models to identify associations between nurses' characteristics, ethical competence, perceived ethical climate and stereotypes regarding older adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 409 nurses participated. The participants rated their ethical competence and perceived ethical climate of their workplace as moderate or good. Both factors were statistically significantly associated with positive stereotypes towards older adults but not with negative stereotypes. Most participants (89%) held employee positions and had vocational degrees (65%). Younger age was associated with stronger stereotypes. When the independent variables of ethical competence and ethical climate were tested together, ethical competence alone no longer explained positive stereotypes, but ethical climate did, even after adjusting for age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study confirms that nurses' ethical competence and perceived ethical climate support each other. Strengthening these elements can help alleviate stereotypes about the residents in long-term care settings. Maintaining and developing these factors can promote the delivery of high-quality, individualised care. To mitigate stereotypes regarding LTCS residents, the nurse manager can create structures that strengthen ethical competence and support an ethical climate. Further research is needed to clarify the determinants that inform nurses' assessments of stereotypes towards older adults in long-term care settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":48651,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Older People Nursing","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/opn.70093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148425627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Context-Informed Evolutionary Concept Analysis of Ikigai in Later Life: Evidence Relevant to Older People in Korea","authors":"HeeKyung Chang, JuHee Seo, Minji Park, Youngjoo Do","doi":"10.1111/opn.70092","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opn.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To clarify how <i>Ikigai</i> and closely related meaning constructs are described in literature relevant to older people in Korea and to propose a provisional, context-informed conceptual framework for gerontological nursing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Ikigai</i>, often glossed as “a life worth living,” has been associated with well-being in later life, yet its meaning and operationalisation vary across settings. Greater conceptual clarity is needed to support culturally responsive nursing assessment and care planning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rodgers' evolutionary method of concept analysis (Rodgers, 2000) was used to examine contemporary scholarly use of <i>Ikigai</i> and related concepts in 13 peer-reviewed studies (published 2002–2024; searched January 2000–June 2025), of which 10 were conducted outside Korea and three in Korea. Data were analysed to identify defining attributes, antecedent contexts, consequences and related concepts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six defining attributes were identified: psychological equanimity, purposefulness in life, self-worth and personal value, social connectedness, cultural belonging, and reflective wisdom and self-integration. Four antecedent contexts were identified: family and intergenerational change, cultural and value transformation, health and functional challenges, and existential and social disconnection. Four consequence domains were identified: emotional stability and psychological balance, active health orientation and functional preservation, life fulfilment and satisfaction, and community integration and social engagement. In literature relevant to older people in Korea, <i>Ikigai</i> was not presented simply as a list of valued sources, but was provisionally interpreted as a process through which relational sources such as family roles, intergenerational continuity and everyday responsibilities may be internalised as an enduring sense of life's worth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Ikigai</i> may be understood as a dynamic and context-dependent meaning process in later life that includes both valued sources of worth and a sense of life's worth. This review offers a provisional conceptual framework for gerontological nursing and supports further qualitative and measurement research in Korea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":48651,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Older People Nursing","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/opn.70092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurses' Experiences of Discriminatory Care Towards Vulnerable Patients: A Qualitative Study From Iran","authors":"Aram Karimian,&nbsp;Afsaneh Sadooghiasl,&nbsp;Mitra Khoobi,&nbsp;Eesa Mohammadi,&nbsp;Anoshirvan Kazemnejad","doi":"10.1111/opn.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opn.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Discriminatory nursing care endangers patient rights, ethical standards and fair access to treatment—yet the lived experiences of nurses who engage in such practices remain understudied. This study seeks to explore Iranian nurses' personal experiences with their own discriminatory behaviours towards vulnerable patients in everyday clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative conventional content analysis was conducted in 2024, using in-depth, unstructured interviews with 13 nurses from both public and private hospitals in Iran. Participants were purposefully sampled to ensure maximum variation, and data collection continued until saturation was reached. The interviews were analysed using the five-step framework developed by Graneheim and Lundman.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A central theme, ‘discrimination in service provision for vulnerable patients’, emerged, highlighting two main categories: (1) Professional Shortfalls in the Care of Older Adults and (2) Shortfalls in Care for Persons at the End of Life. Nurses reported prioritizing younger patients, delaying or withholding essential care, reducing therapeutic communication and demonstrating inconsistent adherence to professional standards.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings reveal subtle yet widespread discriminatory practices against older adults and end-of-life patients. Combating these disparities requires targeted education, supportive organizational policies and strategies to increase nurses' awareness of unconscious bias.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications for Practice</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reducing discriminatory behaviours promotes equitable, person-centred care. Enhancing empathy, prioritizing the needs of vulnerable patients and strengthening adherence to professional standards foster trust, dignity and a more inclusive clinical environment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48651,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Older People Nursing","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148370191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Frailty in Heart Failure: A Scoping Review of Prevalence, Impact and Critical Knowledge Gaps","authors":"Lijie Yang,&nbsp;Wan Ling Lee,&nbsp;Mei-Chan Chong,&nbsp;Sisi Li,&nbsp;Shuozhen Chen","doi":"10.1111/opn.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opn.70090","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Social frailty is increasingly recognised among people living with heart failure and is linked to a range of clinical and psychosocial risk factors, with significant implications for health outcomes. However, inconsistencies in the conceptualisation and measurement of social frailty, coupled with a lack of systematic reviews, hinder evidence synthesis and the development of targeted interventions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Objective&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This scoping review aimed to map current evidence on the definition, measurement tools, prevalence, associated factors and health-related outcomes of social frailty in individuals with heart failure.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a comprehensive electronic search was conducted in June 2025 across eight databases: Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, CNKI and Wanfang. Search terms were guided by the Population-Concept-Context mnemonic, focusing on heart failure, social frailty, and healthcare or community settings and in accordance with the aim of the review.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 27 articles were included. No unified definition of social frailty was identified, and existing assessment tools exhibited heterogeneity. Prevalence rates varied widely across settings and measurement tools. Factors associated with social frailty included sociodemographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, clinical severity, psychological status and contextual factors. Social frailty was consistently linked to adverse outcomes such as diminished quality of life, increased rehospitalisation risk and higher mortality.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The current literature highlights significant conceptual and methodological gaps in understanding social frailty in heart failure. Standardised definitions, validated assessment tools and deeper exploration of underlying mechanisms are needed to guide effective interventions and improve holistic care for people living with heart failure.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Implications for Practice&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Routine assessment of social frailty, including living arrangements, perceived social support and social participation, may facilitate the early identification of older people with heart failure who are at increased clinical and social risk. Identification of social frailty may help uncover unmet social needs and facilitate timely referral ","PeriodicalId":48651,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Older People Nursing","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148253964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Integration of Fundamentals of Care Within Strategic Age-Friendly Hospital Frameworks: A Scoping Review","authors":"Marianne Saragosa,&nbsp;Rebecca Lemieux,&nbsp;Nathan M. Stall,&nbsp;Jennifer Ridgway","doi":"10.1111/opn.70089","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opn.70089","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study examines how the domains of the Fundamentals of Care (FoC) framework are integrated within age-friendly hospital strategies and to what extent patients and families have been engaged in developing, implementing or evaluating these strategies.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Design&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Scoping review guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute's updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We reviewed empirical literature using Covidence describing the operationalization of age-friendly strategies within hospital-based care systems. We conducted a descriptive analysis to summarize the literature and used directed content analysis to deductively map the data to the FoC framework.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Data Sources&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We conducted systematic searches of electronic databases (Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Central, PsycINFO and CINAHL) of empirical literature published between 1 January 2014 and 27 August 2024, with no restriction on study design and limited to English-only publications.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We included 18 peer-reviewed papers. Most practice change initiatives map to the physical care domain of the FoC framework, followed by psychosocial care of recipients. Fewer initiatives address relational and contextual elements. Only two of 18 studies reported engaging patients or families in the development, implementation and evaluation of age-friendly initiatives.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The scoping review findings provide greater insight into which of the FoC framework domains are operationalized when age-friendly strategies are implemented within hospital systems, with less attention paid to patient and caregiver engagement.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Implications for Practice&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The findings can support the intentional involvement of patients and caregivers to ensure such initiatives are patient- and family-centred. These findings should also clarify elements of the FoC framework that may receive less attention when implementing age-friendly strategies, which could help support the quality care of older adults and impact patient- and provider-reported outcome","PeriodicalId":48651,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Older People Nursing","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/opn.70089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148151861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Near Falls to Compensated Loss of Balance: A Concept Analysis in Older People","authors":"Leodoro J. Labrague,&nbsp;Anna Nguyen,&nbsp;David Ha,&nbsp;Liza Visbal-Dionaldo","doi":"10.1111/opn.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1111/opn.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Near falls, defined as recoverable postural instability, are increasingly recognised as important experiences that can provide insight into balance and mobility in older people, yet they are often underreported and inconsistently documented. Unlike falls, which have been clearly defined and extensively investigated, the conceptual definition of near falls remains inconsistent. This concept analysis aimed to clarify the phenomenon traditionally described as <i>‘near falls’</i> and to establish a more precise conceptual definition in older people.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a concept analysis using the framework by Walker and Avant. A comprehensive literature search of four databases was conducted in Medline, PubMed, Scopus and CINAHL. Data extraction and synthesis were guided by the eight-step framework of Walker and Avant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 23 articles were included in the analysis. Antecedents included intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Defining attributes of near falls comprised transient loss of balance, activation of compensatory mechanisms (e.g., rapid stepping, trunk or limb adjustments) and successful prevention of a fall. Consequences involved increased fall risk, changes in physical functions and psychological impacts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on findings, the concept was refined and reconceptualised as ‘Compensated Loss of Balance’ (CLB), a more precise term emphasising recoverable postural instability through successful corrective responses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications for Practice</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Integrating CLB into clinical screening, research frameworks and fall prevention guidelines may enhance early detection of postural instability and promote more standardised approaches to fall risk assessment and prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48651,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Older People Nursing","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148057764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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