Water Resources and Economics最新文献_第8页

A global-scale hydropower potential assessment and feasibility evaluations 全球尺度的水电潜力评价与可行性评价

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wre.2022.100198

Wasu Manawko Tefera, K.S. Kasiviswanathan

{"title":"A global-scale hydropower potential assessment and feasibility evaluations","authors":"Wasu Manawko Tefera, K.S. Kasiviswanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.wre.2022.100198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wre.2022.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Assessing the possible locations and evaluating the spatial distribution of hydropower potentials at the global and regional scale is crucial for planning future energy development activities. This study assesses run–of–river-based hydropower potential and evaluates potential sites under technical, economic, and environmental constraints globally. The study used the recent (1965–2014) global runoff dataset (0.5° x 0.5° resolution) for design discharge computation and 90 m × 90 m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) covering 90°N-60°S for topographical analysis. The design discharges (Q</span><sub>d</sub>) calculated for 30%, 75%, and 95% flow dependability were used in the assessment and evaluations. Further, the economic feasibility of identified potential sites was evaluated by developing empirical relations derived from the observed cost of electromechanical equipment to corresponding head (H) and installed power (P). Globally a theoretical hydropower potential of 25.48 Peta watt-hours per year (PWh/yr) at 95% flow dependability to 184.17 PWh/yr at 30% flow dependability was estimated. The energy ranges from 7.06 PWh/yr to 49.05 PWh/yr are technically feasible for the design discharge calculated from 95% to 30% flow dependability, respectively. After excluding environmentally unsuitable and economically less competitive (Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCoE) > US$ 0.1/kWh) potential sites, it was estimated that an exploitable hydropower potential of 5.42 PWh/yr at 95% flow dependability to 39.56 PWh/yr at 30% flow dependability would be available globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48644,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Economics","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48819212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Conserving for the common good: Preferences for water conservation policies during a severe drought in Northern California 为共同利益而节约:北加州严重干旱期间人们对节水政策的偏好

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wre.2021.100191

Janine M. Stone , Patrick S. Johnson

{"title":"Conserving for the common good: Preferences for water conservation policies during a severe drought in Northern California","authors":"Janine M. Stone , Patrick S. Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wre.2021.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the 2011–2017 drought in California, water providers used a variety of demand-side management (DSM) policies to successfully reduce water consumption by over 20%. Unfortunately, because utilities used numerous conservation policies simultaneously, little is known about support for specific policies—specifically, an untested water-budgeting policy wherein utilities gave households an allotment of water and charged higher prices for water used in excess of the budget. California recently legislated mandatory long-term reductions in water usage. It is therefore critical to obtain a better understanding of which policies, including water budgeting, have strongest public support, and to understand how the drought experience changed residents' water use behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, habits, and personal capabilities surrounding conservation. This work surveyed individuals residing in northern California, the “North State,” during a period of severe drought. We used best-worst scaling to determine households’ preferences for DSM policies; asked households how their water use behaviors changed; and evaluated psychological attitudes toward drought and water conservation. Results show the vast majority of households changed their water use behaviors during the drought. Over two-thirds of respondents never exceeded their water budgets and said they would continue to conserve after the state lifted conservation requirements. Respondents preferred water budgets relative to more familiar DSM policies, a result with implications for forecasting future water demand. Last, our survey finds only minor differences in policy preferences for respondents with different demographics and attitudes toward water use, even for variables (e.g., income) that previous literature has found to have disparate welfare effects across users.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48644,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Economics","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212428421000153/pdfft?md5=9e763e8405685a12e87951597bc21612&pid=1-s2.0-S2212428421000153-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91762435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economic valuation of safe water from new boreholes in rural Zambia: A coping cost approach 赞比亚农村新钻孔安全用水的经济评估:应对成本方法

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wre.2021.100192

Yasuharu Shimamura , Satoshi Shimizutani , Shimpei Taguchi , Hiroyuki Yamada

{"title":"Economic valuation of safe water from new boreholes in rural Zambia: A coping cost approach","authors":"Yasuharu Shimamura , Satoshi Shimizutani , Shimpei Taguchi , Hiroyuki Yamada","doi":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Access to safe water sources remains scarce in sub-Saharan African countries. We estimate the economic value of safe water from newly constructed boreholes in rural Zambia. Our quasi-experimental setting allows us to estimate the revealed preference measure of new safe water sources in a causal way, empowered by precise information on water collection and distance to new facilities. We show that the share of time value for water collection in total expenditures was about 10% at the baseline survey, which was reduced to about 3% at the end-line survey, but the difference-in-differences analysis reveals that the project did not reduce the time burden for collecting water due to the greater demand for safe water. The main net benefit of the project lies in improved productivity due to decreased diarrhea incidence among working-age adults. The estimated internal rate of return of the project is not large. However, the project is likely to have additional dynamic health benefits due to the decrease in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), corresponding to 192.3 USD per DALY and 6.88 USD per household.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48644,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Economics","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212428421000165/pdfft?md5=04616e1dd3c1ea26deb9f6d2bbf54594&pid=1-s2.0-S2212428421000165-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42344245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Market-based groundwater resources allocation mechanism: An inter-sectoral water exchanges programming analysis 基于市场的地下水资源分配机制:跨部门水交换方案分析

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wre.2022.100193

Mohammad Amin Zolfagharipoor , Azadeh Ahmadi , Alireza Nikouei

{"title":"Market-based groundwater resources allocation mechanism: An inter-sectoral water exchanges programming analysis","authors":"Mohammad Amin Zolfagharipoor , Azadeh Ahmadi , Alireza Nikouei","doi":"10.1016/j.wre.2022.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wre.2022.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This study aims to analyze the effects of local water market formation in a limited region of the Gavkhuni Basin, located in the center of Iran. An economic optimization mathematical model, called ‘inter-sectoral water exchanges programming’ (IWEP), is developed to address the study objectives. The proposed model seeks to maximize the net benefit of participating agents in the water market mechanism. This model can determine the scope of production activities and the monthly volume of water exchange through different technical methods of water transfer. Results demonstrate that the agriculture sector contributes to an increase in the productions of the agriculture </span>industries<span> and building industries through selling its surplus water. Although farm agents sell only 1% of their groundwater permits to industrial agents, the total net benefit of the agents is increased by more than 30%, compared to when the water market is not implemented. The shared aquifer method, based on common pool groundwater resources, is identified as a suitable technical method for water transfer in the groundwater markets. Finally, the socio-hydrological analysis of groundwater exchanges reveals that the inter-sectoral water market at the local scale can increase the region's employment rate by 45% and mitigate more pressure on the aquifer to meet water demands in the industry sector. These results clarify the efficient role of market-based groundwater allocation approach under water scarcity conditions.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":48644,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Economics","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49246668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Emergence and Persistence of Payments for Watershed Services Programs in Mexico 墨西哥流域服务项目付款的出现和持续

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.32942/osf.io/4hdq6

Kelly W. Jones

{"title":"The Emergence and Persistence of Payments for Watershed Services Programs in Mexico","authors":"Kelly W. Jones","doi":"10.32942/osf.io/4hdq6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32942/osf.io/4hdq6","url":null,"abstract":"Payments for watershed services programs (PWS) have become a prominent tool to protect ecosystems and hydrological services but little is known about where these innovative financing tools and governance systems emerge and persist. In 2008, the Mexican government started a program where they match funding from local partners to establish user-financed PWS programs, leading to the creation of 145 programs between 2008 and 2019. We study the factors that led to the emergence and persistence of these local PWS programs across Mexico. We assemble a unique database on these programs, as well as biophysical, economic and socio-cultural, and institutional variables, at the municipality level. We use logistic regression to analyze the variables that led to the emergence and persistence of PWS. We find that PWS programs are more likely to emerge in municipalities with lower opportunity costs; that are wealthier and more populated; that have complementary conservation programs; and that have more collective land tenure and protected areas. PWS programs are more likely to persist in municipalities with poorer water quality and more floods; that have more protected areas; and that have a non-governmental organization or water utility involved as the local counterpart. These results suggest that the emergence and persistence of local, user-financed PWS could be facilitated through better information on the condition of watershed services to signal need for hydrological protection; capacity building and institutional strengthening efforts that provide the social capital needed for collective action; and involvement of decentralized non-state actors that are politically neutral and can provide more sustainable financing.","PeriodicalId":48644,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48170347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Is shoreline armoring a response to marsh migration? Modeling relationships between coastal marshes and private adaptation decisions 海岸线装甲是对沼泽迁移的回应吗?沿海沼泽与私人适应决策之间的关系建模

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wre.2021.100187

George Gardner , Robert J. Johnston

{"title":"Is shoreline armoring a response to marsh migration? Modeling relationships between coastal marshes and private adaptation decisions","authors":"George Gardner , Robert J. Johnston","doi":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The value and vulnerability of salt marshes<span> has led to efforts to ensure their preservation, including the preservation of marsh transgression zones (uplands onto which marshes can migrate) and restrictions on shoreline armoring. Coastal armoring involves the placement of hardened structures such as revetments and bulkheads along the shoreline. These structures can prevent coastal marshes from migrating onto adjacent uplands as sea levels rise, thereby causing marsh loss over time. Hence, efficient targeting of efforts to ensure marsh sustainability requires an understanding of where and why coastal armoring is likely to occur. This article develops a random utility model that characterizes residential landowners’ shoreline armoring decisions for beachfront and non-beachfront residential property, focusing on whether armoring is influenced by features related to marsh migration. The model is illustrated using parcel-level data from Accomack County, Virginia with armoring observations on each parcel for two time periods, 2002 and 2013. Independent models for the two time periods suggest that landowners in the case study area do not tend to construct armoring in ways that impede marsh migration—all else equal armoring is </span></span><em>less</em> likely to occur in areas suitable for marsh migration. Rather, armoring appears to be motivated primarily by factors associated with shoreline erosion risk such as high wave energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48644,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Economics","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43110880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Participatory value evaluation for the evaluation of flood protection schemes 防洪方案评价中的参与式价值评价

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wre.2021.100188

Niek Mouter , Paul Koster , Thijs Dekker

引用次数: 10

Tracking water for human activities: From the ivory tower to the ground 追踪人类活动用水:从象牙塔到地面

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wre.2021.100190

Maite M. Aldaya , Diego Sesma-Martín , Mar Rubio-Varas

{"title":"Tracking water for human activities: From the ivory tower to the ground","authors":"Maite M. Aldaya , Diego Sesma-Martín , Mar Rubio-Varas","doi":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water policy requires well established metrics for success. Precise metrics allow for quantifying progress and adjusting processes to produce the desired outcomes. We analyze the different schools of thought, nomenclatures and indicators developed for tracking water for human activities. After comparing a variety of terms related to water accounting used to serve the different purposes (environmental vs. ecological economics), we found that the different approaches to water tracking utilize identical terms to refer to distinctive concepts. The characterization of widely used terms such as 'water use' varies across different branches of literature. Different approaches to water measurement and its efficiency have an impact on water allocation. Our paper points out that the current definitions and methods for tracking water for human activities may offer contradictory advice over whether progress is being made towards desirable objectives, which may differ across stakeholders. This review aims at helping the transfer of academic results to empirical decision-making by discerning the differences among the variety of indicators available in the literature and their empirical implications. The ambiguity in the water terminology should be clarified before policy decisions can be useful in practice for guiding actions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48644,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Economics","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212428421000141/pdfft?md5=01fbda6ed6e6a0b1606f6a4f91f40651&pid=1-s2.0-S2212428421000141-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46832176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Not your typical rate structure change: Heterogeneous water demand responses 不是典型的费率结构变化:不同的用水需求反应

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wre.2021.100183

B. Stitzel , C.L. Rogers

{"title":"Not your typical rate structure change: Heterogeneous water demand responses","authors":"B. Stitzel , C.L. Rogers","doi":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates behavioral responses to a complicated and peculiar change in a municipality's water rate structure. In 2006, the City of Norman, Oklahoma Water Utility added a four-dollar fixed fee, reduced the number of block-rate tiers, and changed the rate structure from one that decreased and then increased across higher consumption block groups, to a strictly increasing rate structure. The changes in the volumetric rates were not uniform across the block rates. Customers at ultra-low volumes of consumption faced a one-penny reduction in their volumetric rate but experienced a large increase in total and average cost of water due to the addition of the relatively large fixed fee. In contrast, higher-volume users faced a less severe increase in the total and average charge per gallon consumed. To address the co-determination of average water charge and consumption choice, we estimate separate regressions for households grouped by pre-price change demand and the block group of last gallon consumed. Using detailed, monthly panel data for 23,408 residential water customers from 2002 to 2010 and a variety of model specifications, our results highlight heterogeneous responses across consumption groups. Ultra-low users responded to the price-regime change by increasing consumption whereas higher-volume users reduced consumption. Behavioral responses were found to be greater in the longer-run than shorter-run as expected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48644,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Economics","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.wre.2021.100183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46737950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

COVID-19 and handwashing: Implications for water use in Sub-Saharan Africa COVID-19与洗手:对撒哈拉以南非洲用水的影响

IF 2.2 3区经济学

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wre.2021.100189

Franklin Amuakwa-Mensah , Rebecca Afua Klege , Philip Kofi Adom , Gunnar Köhlin

{"title":"COVID-19 and handwashing: Implications for water use in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Franklin Amuakwa-Mensah , Rebecca Afua Klege , Philip Kofi Adom , Gunnar Köhlin","doi":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wre.2021.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Because the main modes of transmission of the COVID-19 virus are respiration and contact, WHO recommends frequent washing of hands with soap under running water for at least 20 s. This article investigates how the level of concern about COVID-19 affects the likelihood of washing hands frequently in sub-Saharan Africa. We discuss the implication of the findings for water-scarce environment. The study makes use of a unique survey dataset from 12 sub-Saharan African countries collected in April 2020 (first round) and May 2020 (second round) and employs an extended ordered probit model with endogenous covariate. The results show that the level of concern about the spread of the virus increases the likelihood of washing hands with soap under running water for a minimum of 20 s at least five times a day. The increase in the probability of handwashing due to concern about COVID-19, ranges from 3% for Benin to 6.3% for South Africa. The results also show heterogeneous effects across gender- and age-groups, locality and various water sources. However, in Africa, the sustainability of the handwashing protocol could be threatened by the severe water scarcity that exists in the region. To sustain frequent handwashing, sub-Saharan Africa needs an effective strategy for water management and supply.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48644,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources and Economics","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8563594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10382413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12