开普敦旱灾:预防“归零日”的综合措施有效性研究

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Water Resources and Economics Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI:10.1016/j.wre.2021.100177

Johanna Brühl , Martine Visser

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引用次数: 13

摘要

在2016-2018年的干旱中，开普敦几乎耗尽了市政用水。在干旱的春季和夏季，关税的增加、限制和宣传活动导致用水量大幅减少:2017年9月，不合规的家庭受到用水限制仪表的威胁，用水量减少了14.3%;去年10月，当一项灾难计划威胁居民每天在全市200个地点取水时，失业率为17.2%;20.1-24.3%，当“零日”不可避免地出现时，降低水压，限制每人每天50升的使用量，并引入指数级上涨的关税。关于危机严重程度的透明信息和将避免危机的责任转移给居民，在干旱最严重的时候增加了节水。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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The Cape Town drought: A study of the combined effectiveness of measures implemented to prevent “Day Zero”

In the 2016–2018 drought, Cape Town almost ran out of municipal water. Tariff increases, restrictions and campaigns brought big reductions in water use during the dry spring and summer months: 14.3% in September 2017, when non-compliant households were threatened with a water usage restriction meter; 17.2% in October, when a disaster plan threatened residents with collecting water daily at 200 points across the City; and 20.1–24.3%, when “Day Zero” appeared unavoidable, water pressure was reduced, usage was restricted to 50 L per person per day and exponential tariff hikes were introduced. Transparent information about the severity of the crisis and shifting the responsibility for crisis avoidance to residents amplified water savings at the height of the drought.

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来源期刊

Water Resources and Economics Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

51 days

期刊介绍： Water Resources and Economics is one of a series of specialist titles launched by the highly-regarded Water Research. For the purpose of sustainable water resources management, understanding the multiple connections and feedback mechanisms between water resources and the economy is crucial. Water Resources and Economics addresses the financial and economic dimensions associated with water resources use and governance, across different economic sectors like agriculture, energy, industry, shipping, recreation and urban and rural water supply, at local, regional and transboundary scale. Topics of interest include (but are not restricted to) the economics of: Aquatic ecosystem services- Blue economy- Climate change and flood risk management- Climate smart agriculture- Coastal management- Droughts and water scarcity- Environmental flows- Eutrophication- Food, water, energy nexus- Groundwater management- Hydropower generation- Hydrological risks and uncertainties- Marine resources- Nature-based solutions- Resource recovery- River restoration- Storm water harvesting- Transboundary water allocation- Urban water management- Wastewater treatment- Watershed management- Water health risks- Water pollution- Water quality management- Water security- Water stress- Water technology innovation.