International Soil and Water Conservation Research最新文献

{"title":"Streamflow prediction in ungauged catchments by using the Grunsky method","authors":"Bruno K. Marchezepe ,&nbsp;André Almagro ,&nbsp;André S. Ballarin ,&nbsp;Paulo Tarso S. Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Establish a reliable rainfall-runoff relation capable of predicting runoff in ungauged basins is a matter of interest across the world for a long time and has been taking importance during the past decades. Regionalization approaches, hydrological models and machine learning techniques have been used to estimate runoff. However, returning some simplicity to the predictions might be necessary for practical uses. In this paper, we re-introduce C. E. Grunsky approach, developed in the early 1900s to predict runoff from values of precipitation on a two-equations system. Here, we analyze the Grunsky generalized method applied for 716 Brazilian catchments, on an interannual and monthly scales. First, we established the best method to find the rainfall-runoff relation coefficient for each catchment. Then, we evaluate the performance of the method on a local scale, i.e., catchment by catchment. Lastly, we analyze the method of regionalization, by grouping the catchments into six hydrologically similar classes. For local scale, the Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) values range from 0.87 to 0.93 on the interannual scale and is greater than 0.50 on the monthly scale. For the regionalized approach, KGE varies from 0.60 to 0.84 on an interannual scale. We also found suitable KGE values on a monthly scale, with more than 22% of catchments with KGE greater than 0.50, being the best performances in the Non-seasonal and Extremely-wet groups, and the worst performance in the Dry group. Our findings indicate that Grunsky approach is suitable to predict streamflow for Brazilian catchments on interannual and monthly scales. This simple and easy-to-use equation presents a reliable alternative to more complex methods to compute runoff by only using rainfall data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 700-712"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48072102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drainage of paddy terraces impacts structures and soil properties in the globally important agricultural heritage of Hani Paddy Terraces, China","authors":"Ming Wang ,&nbsp;Li Rong ,&nbsp;Yanbo Li ,&nbsp;Jiangcheng Huang ,&nbsp;Yuanmei Jiao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marginalization and abandonment of paddy terraces are widespread, but their effects on the sustainability of subsequent agricultural production are still unknown. Hani Paddy Terraces, included in Globally Important Agriculture Heritage Systems, are threatened by paddy fields drainage. Here, changes in terrace structure, the productivity of topsoil (0–20 cm), and soil water holding capacity at 0–70 cm depth were determined in a case study of Hani Paddy Terraces in Amengkong River Basin in Yuanyang County in Southwestern China, which had been converted into dryland terraces for 2–14 years. Our results showed that: (1) The degree of terrace structures degradation exhibited a U-shaped curve with increasing time since draining, with those drained for 5–9 years having the best structure; (2) Soil productivity index decreased first and then increased with time after conversion; (3) Maximum water holding capacity at 0–70 cm soil depth dramatically decreased after conversion and such trend became increasingly obvious with increasing time since conversion. Our study revealed that drainage of paddy terraces along with associated changes in crop and field management led to an increase in soil productivity, but degradation of terrace structures and a decrease in water holding capacity will inhibit restoration to paddy terraces. These findings enhance the understanding of the biophysical changes due to marginalization in paddy terraces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 64-76"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633923000412/pdfft?md5=1f99542f87424eee4b6fdab4120161f3&pid=1-s2.0-S2095633923000412-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41810952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards accurate mapping of loess waterworn gully by integrating google earth imagery and DEM using deep learning","authors":"Rong Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Zhou ,&nbsp;Zetao Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Li ,&nbsp;Fan Li ,&nbsp;Feng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate mapping of loess waterworn gully (LWG) is essential to further study gully erosion and geomorphological evolution for the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). Due to the vertical joint and collapsibility of loess, LWGs have the characteristics of zigzag and unique slope abruptness under synthetic action of hydraulic force and gravity. This forces existing LWG mapping methods to either focus on the improvement of mapping accuracy or center on the increase of mapping efficiency. However, simultaneously achieving accurate and efficient mapping of LWG is still in its infancy under complex topographic conditions. Here, we proposed a method that innovatively integrates the loess slope abruptness feature into an improved deep learning semantic segmentation framework for LWG mapping using 0.6 m Google imagery and 5 m DEM data. We selected four study areas representing typical loess landforms to test the performance of our method. The proposed method can achieve satisfactory mapping results, with the F1 score, mean Intersection-over-Union (mIoU), and overall accuracy of 90.5%, 85.3%, and 92.3%, respectively. In addition, the proposed model also showed significant accuracy improvement by inputting additional topographic information (especially the slope of slope). Compared with existing algorithms (Random forests, original DeepLabV3+, and Unet), the proposed approach in this study achieved a better accuracy-efficiency trade-off. Overall, the method can ensure high accuracy and efficiency of the LWG mapping for different loess landform types and can be extended to study various loess gully mapping and water and soil conservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 13-28"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S209563392300045X/pdfft?md5=4a0c27baa76f8a6293e5559f6202aa5c&pid=1-s2.0-S209563392300045X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41331907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil type and wetting intensity control the enhancement extent of N2O efflux in soil with drought and rewetting cycles","authors":"Panpan Jiao ,&nbsp;Lei Yang ,&nbsp;Zhongwu Li ,&nbsp;Peng Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change alters the intensity and frequency of drought and rewetting (D/W) events; however, the influence patterns of D/W on soil N₂O efflux in the water-limited area were not fully understood. Therefore, the impacts of D/W cycles varying in different extent of rewetting and frequency to N₂O efflux in two kinds of soil on the Loess Plateau were investigated. The incubation conditions consisted of 1) D/W treatments with four 7-day cycles from 10% water holding capacity (WHC) to 60%WHC or 90%WHC, 2) constant moisture of 60%WHC and 90%WHC. The pulse of N₂O efflux rate under 10−60%WHC treatment was higher than that under 10−90%WHC treatment in calcic cambisols, while opposite trend was observed in earth-cumuli-orthic anthrosols. Meanwhile, the pulse of N₂O efflux rate decreased as cycle number increased for different wetting intensities and soil types. The direct N₂O efflux under 10−60%WHC and 10−90%WHC treatments were 5.49 and 1.89 μg N₂O–N g⁻¹ soil in calcic cambisols, with those being 1.92 and 10.85 μg N₂O–N g⁻¹ soil in earth-cumuli-orthic anthrosols, respectively. The N loss in earth-cumuli-orthic anthrosols was approximately 5.74 times greater than that in calcic cambisols under 10−90%WHC treatment, whereas the N loss under 10−60%WHC treatment was about 2.86 times greater in calcic cambisols than that in earth-cumuli-orthic anthrosols. This study suggested that extreme rainfall events can enhance the N₂O efflux and N loss in agricultural soils on the Loess Plateau in terms of soil type and wetting intensity, which should not be ignored in the N fertilizer management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633923000394/pdfft?md5=1206c7de036e234c93fdd7f9f38f6255&pid=1-s2.0-S2095633923000394-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45950890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards defining soil quality of Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils: Reference values and potential core indicator set","authors":"Germán A. Durán ,&nbsp;Daniel Sacristán ,&nbsp;Edelweis Farrús ,&nbsp;Jaume Vadell","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To avoid soil degradation, adapt to climate change and comply with the Sustainable Development goals 2030 (UN General Assembly), establishing the quality/fertility of the agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region and evaluate how these evolve with time is mandatory. This enables adequate management practices to be implemented. The Mediterranean calcareous region has received little attention in this sense, in spite its soil particularities. So, 24 different representative calcareous agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region, including the main management strategies of agricultural soils (rainfed and irrigated), were sampled from the island of Mallorca; and their physical, chemical and biological properties determined. The values obtained for most of the soil characteristics allowed to establish an initial approach to the reference values for the type of calcareous agricultural soils considered, and to clearly distinguish the effect of rainfed or irrigation management practices on soils properties and dynamics. Some enzyme activities were not stimulated by the irrigation conditions assayed or they were only in dry conditions, suggesting optimum enzyme activities could be obtained when alternating dry and humid soil conditions. Soil organic carbon, calcium carbonate and active lime revealed of significant importance in the collection of soils. Finally, the results obtained clearly indicate the heterogeneity of the region and its implications on the different soil characteristics. Therefore, this study could serve as a starting point to adequately establish the quality (fertility) for Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils and their reference values by conducting further research in this region and including more type of soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 145-155"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633923000400/pdfft?md5=121039c049b68c81be1f0e8844d10b6a&pid=1-s2.0-S2095633923000400-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45752064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of physical crust on soil detachment by overland flow in the Loess Plateau region of China","authors":"Jiaxin Liu ,&nbsp;Liding Chen ,&nbsp;Bing Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Physical soil crust (PSC), a key component of surface soil structure, exists extensively in loess areas. PSC is considered to have a significant effect on soil detachment processes. However, the long-term effects and the corresponding mechanisms of PSC on soil detachment by overland flow are still not well understood, especially in natural environments. To investigate temporal variation in soil erosion resistance and the underlying factors during PSC formation, an 8 × 8-m soil plot was exposed to natural conditions in the Loess Plateau over a 524-day period spanning two rainy seasons and a winter between them. A flume test was conducted to determine soil detachment capacity (<em>D</em>_<em>c</em>) under six designed flow shear stress levels (5.66–22.11 Pa) using crusted (SC) and non-crusted (NSC) soil samples at different PSC development stages. Subsequently, two soil erosion resistance parameters, rill erodibility (<em>K</em>_<em>r</em>) and critical shear stress (<em>τ</em>_<em>c</em>), were calculated. Over time, in the SC and NSC treatments, <em>K</em>_<em>r</em> decreased from 0.516 to 0.120 s m⁻¹ and 0.521 to 0.223 s m⁻¹, respectively, while <em>τ</em>_<em>c</em> increased from 0.49 to 4.42 Pa and 0.26–2.46 Pa, respectively. Variation in soil erosion resistance was rapid in the first one to two months, and then slowed down, with slight fluctuations afterwards. In the SC treatment, <em>K</em>_<em>r</em> was 42% lower and <em>τ</em>_<em>c</em> was 67% greater than those in the NSC treatment. Soil properties changed greatly for both treatments. SCT increased from 0 to 7.09 mm in the SC treatment. Coh increased from 2.91 to 9.04 kPa and 3.01–4.78 kPa in SC and NSC treatments, respectively. Both soil erosion resistance parameters could be well predicted by SCT and Coh in the SC treatment (R² ≥ 0.82), while their best predictor was Coh in the NSC treatment (R² ≥ 0.90). The results demonstrate that PSC formation enhances soil erosion resistance in the soil detachment process in the loess region under natural conditions. Our study revealed the important role and complexity of <span>PSC</span> in the process of soil erosion, and provided theoretical and data support for accurate understanding and prediction of soil erosion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 107-120"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633923000382/pdfft?md5=9728f7ef2c536cb70547d83cd247f21f&pid=1-s2.0-S2095633923000382-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48084922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semi-automated detection of rangeland runoff and erosion control berms using high-resolution topography data","authors":"Li Li","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An inventory of topographic modifications is essential to addressing their impacts on hydrological and morphological processes in human-altered watersheds. However, such inventories are generally lacking. This study presents two workflows for semi-automatic detection of linear earthen runoff and erosion control berms in rangelands using high-resolution topographic data. The workflows consist of initial object identification by applying either morphological grayscale reconstruction (MGR) or the Geomorphon (GEO) method, followed by identification refinements through filters based on objects’ horizontal and vertical information. Three sites were selected within the Altar Valley, Arizona, in the southwestern United States. One site was used for developing workflows and optimizing filter thresholds, and the other two sites were used to validate workflows. The results showed that: 1) The MGR-based workflow methodology could produce final precision and detection rates of up to 92% and 75%, respectively, and take less than 5 s for a 10.1 km² site; 2) The workflow based on the MGR method yielded greater identification accuracy than did the GEO workflow; 3) Object length, orientation, and eccentricity were important characteristics for identifying earthen berms, and are sensitive to general channel flow direction and berm shape; 4) Manual interrogation of topographic data and imagery can significantly improve identification precision rates. The proposed workflows will be useful for developing inventories of runoff and erosion control structures in support of sustainable rangeland management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 217-226"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633923000369/pdfft?md5=f878b3aa6cf6daa4d6dc41d92b2b7c5a&pid=1-s2.0-S2095633923000369-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45768088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining nitrogen fate by hydrological pathways and impact on carbonate weathering in an agricultural karst watershed","authors":"Zhuo Hao ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Qingwen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2022.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2022.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Identifying the nitrogen (N) fate is complicated and a great challenge in karst watersheds because of the co-existence of natural pools and anthropogenic sources. The objective of the study was to use stable isotopic composition of dual-isotope (δ¹⁵N_Nitrate and δ¹⁸O_Nitrate) and LOADEST model approaches to trace N sources, pathways in karst watershed. The study was conducted in the Houzhai watershed, which is a typical agricultural karst watershed from July 2016 to August 2018, to reveal the N fate and the coupled carbon(C)–N processes occurring in the riverine-watershed with agricultural activities. We found that the wet deposition of total nitrogen (TN) flux was 33.50 kg hm⁻²·a⁻¹ and dissolved nitrogen (DN) flux was 21.66 kg hm⁻²·a⁻¹. The DN runoff loss was 2.10 × 10⁵ kg·a⁻¹ and the loss of DN during the wet season accounted for 95.4% over a year. In the wet season, NO₃⁻-N daily efflux was 977.62 ± 516.66 kg ha⁻¹·day⁻¹and 248.77 ± 57.83 kg ha⁻¹·day⁻¹ in the dry season. The NH₄⁺-N efflux was 29.17 ± 10.50 kg ha⁻¹·day⁻¹ and 4.42 ± 3.07 kg ha⁻¹·day⁻¹ in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The main form output load of N was NO₃⁻-N which was more than 30 times as much as NH₄⁺-N output loss. The NO₃⁻-N caused by rainfall contributed 11.82%–53.61% to the export load. Nitrate from soil contributed over 94% of the N to Houzhai river caused by N leaching. In addition, manure and farmland soil were the main sources of groundwater in the Houzhai watersheds, the contribution rates were 25.9% and 22.5%. The chemical N fertilizers affected carbonate weathering strongly, and the HCO₃⁻ flux caused by nitrification due to N fertilizers application in soil accounted for 23.5% of the entire watershed. This study suggested that carbonate weathering may be influenced by nitrogen nitrification in the karst watershed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 327-338"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44368785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global mapping of volumetric water retention at 100, 330 and 15 000 cm suction using the WoSIS database","authors":"Maria Eliza Turek ,&nbsp;Laura Poggio ,&nbsp;Niels H. Batjes ,&nbsp;Robson André Armindo ,&nbsp;Quirijn de Jong van Lier ,&nbsp;Luis de Sousa ,&nbsp;Gerard B.M. Heuvelink","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2022.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2022.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Present global maps of soil water retention (SWR) are mostly derived from pedotransfer functions (PTFs) applied to maps of other basic soil properties. As an alternative, ‘point-based’ mapping of soil water content can improve global soil data availability and quality. We developed point-based global maps with estimated uncertainty of the volumetric SWR at 100, 330 and 15 000 cm suction using measured SWR data extracted from the WoSIS Soil Profile Database together with data estimated by a random forest PTF (PTF-RF). The point data was combined with around 200 environmental covariates describing vegetation, terrain morphology, climate, geology, and hydrology using DSM. In total, we used 7292, 33 192 and 42 016 SWR point observations at 100, 330 and 15 000 cm, respectively, and complemented the dataset with 436 108 estimated values at each suction. Tenfold cross-validation yielded a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 6.380, 7.112 and 6.485 10⁻²cm³cm⁻³, and a Model Efficiency Coefficient (MEC) of 0.430, 0.386, and 0.471, respectively, for 100, 330 and 15 000 cm. The results were also compared to three published global maps of SWR to evaluate differences between point-based and map-based mapping approaches. Point-based mapping performed better than the three map-based mapping approaches for 330 and 15 000 cm, while for 100 cm results were similar, possibly due to the limited number of SWR observations for 100 cm. Major sources or uncertainty identified included the geographical clustering of the data and the limitation of the covariates to represent the naturally high variation of SWR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 225-239"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49439956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of mulch and poultry manure application on soil temperature, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of dry season cultivated okra","authors":"Mutiu Abolanle Busari,&nbsp;Ganiyu Olawale Bankole,&nbsp;Idris Adebanjo Adiamo,&nbsp;Rasaq Olayiwola Abiodun,&nbsp;Olanrewaju Hammed Ologunde","doi":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2022.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.iswcr.2022.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sustainable vegetable production especially during the dry season requires adequate conservation of soil water. This study was conducted to evaluate the sole and interactive effects of mulching (M) and poultry manure (PM) application on soil temperature (ST), crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and water use efficiency (WUE) of okra. The experiment was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The treatments were M at 0 and 6 t ha⁻¹ and PM at 0, 10 and 20 t ha⁻¹. Soil temperature was measured using digital thermometer while ETc was determined by water depletion method using a Time Domain Reflectometer. Irrigation at field capacity was applied manually at 2-day intervals. Independent application of mulch significantly lowered ST while joint application of 20 t ha⁻¹ PM (PM20) and M significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced ST at 5 cm and 10 cm soil depth compared with the unmulched plots in both seasons. Application of 10 t ha⁻¹ PM (PM10) without M recorded the highest ETc (43.7 mm), while joint application of PM20 and M reduced ETc by about 93% compared with PM10 only. Okra used water most efficiently when PM20 was applied under mulched plot. There was 62.2% increase in WUE under mulched plots compared with the control while the residual effect of PM10 and M significantly increased WUE by 65.5%. It was evident that M alongside application of PM is a good strategy for regulating ST, moderating ETc and increasing okra WUE, especially during dry season farming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48622,"journal":{"name":"International Soil and Water Conservation Research","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 382-392"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43945563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}