Geohealth最新文献_第8页

A Heat Emergency: Urban Heat Exposure and Access to Refuge in Richmond, VA 高温紧急状况：弗吉尼亚州里士满的城市热暴露和避难所通道

IF 4.3 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1029/2023GH000985

Peter Braun, Todd Lookingbill, Beth Zizzamia, Jeremy Hoffman, Jessica Rosner, Daisy Banta

{"title":"A Heat Emergency: Urban Heat Exposure and Access to Refuge in Richmond, VA","authors":"Peter Braun, Todd Lookingbill, Beth Zizzamia, Jeremy Hoffman, Jessica Rosner, Daisy Banta","doi":"10.1029/2023GH000985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GH000985","url":null,"abstract":"The urban heat island effect exacerbates independent climate change-induced shifts toward longer, stronger, and more frequent heat extremes. Environmental inequity, driven by a history of racially motivated urban planning policies, has led particular demographics to bear the worst impacts of urban heat exposure and thus also climate change. These impacts cause adverse health outcomes in the form of heat emergencies. Through a novel demographic and spatial analysis of heat-related illness Emergency Medical Services data from Richmond, Virginia, this study investigates the relationships between heat health emergencies and intra-urban heat islands quantified through three heat exposure metrics. We also evaluate the accessibility of built refuge from urban heat in the form of public transit infrastructure, libraries, and government cooling centers in relation to these emergencies. We found that heat emergencies are inequitably distributed among racial, age, and socioeconomic groups in Richmond, particularly among residents identified as Male, Black or African American, 50+ years old, and experiencing mental health, intoxication, and/or homelessness. We found significant associations between the location of these heat emergencies and urban heat islands as estimated from remotely-sensed surface and community science-derived air temperature metrics, but not a co-estimated heat index. We also found that available refuge facilities are insufficiently located to protect individuals with reduced mobility across areas with the highest number of heat-related health emergencies. Community involvement in the mitigation and management of extreme heat threats, especially for those disproportionately impacted, is necessary to decrease the number of summertime heat illnesses.","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023GH000985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One in Four US Households Likely Exceed New Soil Lead Guidance Levels 四分之一的美国家庭可能超过新的土壤铅指导水平。

IF 4.8 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1029/2024GH001045

Gabriel M. Filippelli, Matthew Dietrich, John Shukle, Leah Wood, Andrew Margenot, S. Perl Egendorf, Howard W. Mielke

{"title":"One in Four US Households Likely Exceed New Soil Lead Guidance Levels","authors":"Gabriel M. Filippelli, Matthew Dietrich, John Shukle, Leah Wood, Andrew Margenot, S. Perl Egendorf, Howard W. Mielke","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001045","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GH001045","url":null,"abstract":"Lead exposure has blighted communities across the United States (and the globe), with much of the burden resting on lower income communities, and communities of color. On 17 January 2024, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) lowered the recommended screening level of lead in residential soils from 400 to 200 parts per million. Our analysis of tens of thousands of citizen-science collected soil samples from cities and communities around the US indicates that nearly one quarter of households may contain soil lead that exceed the new screening level. Extrapolating across the nation, that equates to nearly 30 million households needing to mitigate potential soil lead hazards, at a potential total cost of 290 billion to $1.2 trillion. We do not think this type of mitigation is feasible at the massive scale required and we have instead focused on a more immediate, far cheaper strategy: capping current soils with clean soils and/or mulch. At a fraction of the cost and labor of disruptive conventional soil mitigation, it yields immediate and potentially life-changing benefits for those living in these environments.","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11184640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigating Toxic Metal Exposure Through Leafy Greens: A Comprehensive Review Contrasting Cadmium and Lead in Spinach 通过绿叶蔬菜缓解有毒金属暴露：菠菜中的镉和铅对比综述》。

IF 4.8 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1029/2024GH001081

Angelia L. Seyfferth, Matt A. Limmer, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Rufus L. Chaney

{"title":"Mitigating Toxic Metal Exposure Through Leafy Greens: A Comprehensive Review Contrasting Cadmium and Lead in Spinach","authors":"Angelia L. Seyfferth, Matt A. Limmer, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Rufus L. Chaney","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001081","DOIUrl":"10.1029/2024GH001081","url":null,"abstract":"Metals and metalloids (hereafter, metal(loid)s) in plant-based foods are a source of exposure to humans, but not all metal(loid)-food interactions are the same. Differences exist between metal(loid)s in terms of their behavior in soils and in how they are taken up by plants and stored in the edible plant tissue/food. Thus, there cannot be one consistent solution to reducing toxic metal(loid)s exposure to humans from foods. In addition, how metal(loid)s are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the human body differs based on both the metal(loid), other elements and nutrients in the food, and the nutritional status of the human. Initiatives like the United States Food and Drug Administration's Closer to Zero initiative to reduce the exposure of young children to the toxic elements cadmium, lead, arsenic, and mercury from foods warrant careful consideration of each metal(loid) and plant interaction. This review explores such plant-metal(loid) interactions using the example of spinach and the metals cadmium and lead. This review highlights differences in the magnitude of exposure, bioavailability, and the practicality of mitigation strategies while outlining research gaps and future needs. A focus on feasibility and producer needs, informed via stakeholder interviews, emphasizes the need for better analytical testing facilities and grower and consumer education. More research should focus on minimization of chloride inputs for leafy greens to lessen plant-availability of Cd and the role of oxalate in reducing Cd bioavailability from spinach. These findings are applicable to other leafy greens (e.g., kale, lettuce), but not for other plants or metal(loid)s.","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11181011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guidelines for Managing Radon Hazards in Tourist Volcanic Caves in Spain 西班牙旅游火山洞穴氡危害管理指南

IF 4.8 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1029/2024GH001067

Luis E. Hernández-Gutiérrez, Carlos Calderón-Guerrero, Wenceslao Martín-Rosales, Jesica Rodríguez-Martín, Noelia Cruz-Pérez, Helena Hernández-Martín, Alejandro García-Gil, Juan C. Santamarta

引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of COVID-19 Pandemic City Lockdown: Insights From Nighttime Light Remote Sensing COVID-19 大流行城市封锁的时空动态：夜间光线遥感的启示

IF 4.8 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1029/2024GH001034

Luguang Jiang, Ye Liu

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Dynamics of COVID-19 Pandemic City Lockdown: Insights From Nighttime Light Remote Sensing","authors":"Luguang Jiang, Ye Liu","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GH001034","url":null,"abstract":"The global COVID-19 outbreak severely hampered the growth of the global economy, prompting the implementation of the strictest prevention policies in China. Establishing a significant relationship between changes in nighttime light and COVID-19 lockdowns from a geospatial perspective is essential. In light of nighttime light remote sensing, we evaluated the spatiotemporal dynamic effects of COVID-19 city lockdowns on human activity intensity in the Zhengzhou region. Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, nighttime light in the Zhengzhou region maintained a significant growth trend, even under regular control measures. However, following the October 2022 COVID-19 lockdown, nighttime light experienced a substantial decrease. In the central area of Zhengzhou, nighttime light decreased by at least 18% compared to pre-lockdown levels, while in the sub-center, the decrease was around 14%. The areas where nighttime light decreased the most in the central region were primarily within a 15 km radius, while in the sub-center, the decrease was concentrated within a 5 km radius. These changes in both statistical data and nighttime light underscored the significant impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on economic activities in the Zhengzhou region.","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GH001034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141286848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Inverted U-Shaped Relationship Between Socio-Economic Status and Infections During the COVID-19 Pandemic COVID-19 大流行期间社会经济地位与感染之间的倒 U 型关系

IF 4.8 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1029/2024GH001025

Yelin Sun, Weihang Liu, Gangfeng Zhang, Peijun Shi

{"title":"The Inverted U-Shaped Relationship Between Socio-Economic Status and Infections During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Yelin Sun, Weihang Liu, Gangfeng Zhang, Peijun Shi","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GH001025","url":null,"abstract":"Although the World Health Organization has declared that the COVID-19 pandemic no longer qualifies as a global public health emergency, it still needs to explore the response of society to the COVID-19 pandemic. Socio-economic status (SES) was proven to be linearly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, although this relationship may be more complex due to regional differences. In the study, we analyzed and revealed the effects and mechanisms of SES on infections among low, lower-middle, upper-middle and high SES group (LSG, LMSG, UMSG, and HSG, respectively). The results showed that the relationship between SES and infections was inverted U-shaped, especially in the first three phases. In Phase I, UMSG had the highest number of infections, with an average of 238.31/1M people (95%CI: 135.47–341.15/1M people). In Phases II and III, infections decreased insignificantly with increasing SES (r = −0.01, p = 0.92; r = −0.11, p = 0.22) and the highest number of infections were found in the LMSG. In Phase IV, SES was positively related to the number of infections (r = 0.54, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the nonlinear impact of multiple factors related to SES on the infections explains the complex relationships between SES and infections. SES affected infections mainly through medical resources, demographics and vaccination, and differed across the SES groups. Particularly, demographics could exert an impact on population mobility, subsequently influencing infections in LMSG, with an indirect effect of 0.01 (p < 0.05) in Phase II. This study argues for greater attention to countries with middle SES and the need for future targeted measures to cope with infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GH001025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141085080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cumulative Exposures to Environmental and Socioeconomic Risk Factors in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin 威斯康星州密尔沃基县环境和社会经济风险因素累积暴露情况

IF 4.8 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1029/2023GH000927

John K. Kodros, Ellison Carter, Oluwatobi Oke, Ander Wilson, Shantanu H. Jathar, Sheryl Magzamen

{"title":"Cumulative Exposures to Environmental and Socioeconomic Risk Factors in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin","authors":"John K. Kodros, Ellison Carter, Oluwatobi Oke, Ander Wilson, Shantanu H. Jathar, Sheryl Magzamen","doi":"10.1029/2023GH000927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GH000927","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental justice literature demonstrates consistently that low-income and minority communities are disproportionately exposed to environmental hazards. In this case study, we examined cumulative multipollutant, multidomain, and multimatrix environmental exposures in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin for the year 2015. We identified spatial hot spots in Milwaukee County both individually (using local Moran's I) and through clusters (using K-means clustering) across a profile of environmental pollutants that span regulatory domains and matrices of exposure, as well as socioeconomic indicators. The cluster with the highest exposures within the urban area was largely characterized by low socioeconomic status and an overrepresentation of the Non-Hispanic Black population relative to the county as a whole. In this cluster, average pollutant concentrations were equivalent to the 78th percentile in county-level blood lead levels, 67th percentile in county-level NO2, 79th percentile in county-level CO, and 78th percentile in county-level air toxics. Simultaneously, this cluster had an average equivalent to the 62nd percentile in county-level unemployment, 70th percentile in county-level population rate lacking a high school diploma, 73rd percentile in county-level poverty rate, and 28th percentile in county-level median household income. The spatial patterns of pollutant exposure and SES indicators suggested that these disparities were not random but were instead structured by socioeconomic and racial factors. Our case study, which combines environmental pollutant exposures, sociodemographic data, and clustering analysis, provides a roadmap to identify and target overburdened communities for interventions that reduce environmental exposures and consequently improve public health.","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023GH000927","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introducing the Rising Stars of GeoHealth 地理健康新星介绍

IF 4.8 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1029/2024GH001053

Thanh H. Nguyen

引用次数: 0

Fecal Bacteria Contamination of Floodwaters and a Coastal Waterway From Tidally-Driven Stormwater Network Inundation 潮汐驱动的暴雨网络淹没造成的洪水和沿海水道的粪便细菌污染

IF 4.8 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1029/2024GH001020

M. M. Carr, A. C. Gold, A. Harris, K. Anarde, M. Hino, N. Sauers, G. Da Silva, C. Gamewell, N. G. Nelson

{"title":"Fecal Bacteria Contamination of Floodwaters and a Coastal Waterway From Tidally-Driven Stormwater Network Inundation","authors":"M. M. Carr, A. C. Gold, A. Harris, K. Anarde, M. Hino, N. Sauers, G. Da Silva, C. Gamewell, N. G. Nelson","doi":"10.1029/2024GH001020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GH001020","url":null,"abstract":"Inundation of coastal stormwater networks by tides is widespread due to sea-level rise (SLR). The water quality risks posed by tidal water rising up through stormwater infrastructure (pipes and catch basins), out onto roadways, and back out to receiving water bodies is poorly understood but may be substantial given that stormwater networks are a known source of fecal contamination. In this study, we (a) documented temporal variation in concentrations of Enterococcus spp. (ENT), the fecal indicator bacteria standard for marine waters, in a coastal waterway over a 2-month period and more intensively during two perigean spring tide periods, (b) measured ENT concentrations in roadway floodwaters during tidal floods, and (c) explained variation in ENT concentrations as a function of tidal inundation, antecedent rainfall, and stormwater infrastructure using a pipe network inundation model and robust linear mixed effect models. We find that ENT concentrations in the receiving waterway vary as a function of tidal stage and antecedent rainfall, but also site-specific characteristics of the stormwater network that drains to the waterway. Tidal variables significantly explain measured ENT variance in the waterway, however, runoff drove higher ENT concentrations in the receiving waterway. Samples of floodwaters on roadways during both perigean spring tide events were limited, but all samples exceeded the threshold for safe public use of recreational waters. These results indicate that inundation of stormwater networks by tides could pose public health hazards in receiving water bodies and on roadways, which will likely be exacerbated in the future due to continued SLR.","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GH001020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140633831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exposure to Smoke From Wildfire, Prescribed, and Agricultural Burns Among At-Risk Populations Across Washington, Oregon, and California 华盛顿州、俄勒冈州和加利福尼亚州高危人群暴露于野火、规定烧毁和农业烧毁烟雾的情况

IF 4.8 2区医学

Geohealth Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1029/2023GH000961

C. L. Schollaert, M. E. Marlier, J. D. Marshall, J. T. Spector, T. Busch Isaksen

{"title":"Exposure to Smoke From Wildfire, Prescribed, and Agricultural Burns Among At-Risk Populations Across Washington, Oregon, and California","authors":"C. L. Schollaert, M. E. Marlier, J. D. Marshall, J. T. Spector, T. Busch Isaksen","doi":"10.1029/2023GH000961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GH000961","url":null,"abstract":"Wildfires, prescribed burns, and agricultural burns all impact ambient air quality across the Western U.S.; however, little is known about how communities across the region are differentially exposed to smoke from each of these fire types. To address this gap, we quantify smoke exposure stemming from wildfire, prescribed, and agricultural burns across Washington, Oregon, and California from 2014 to 2020 using a fire type-specific biomass burning emissions inventory and the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model. We examine fire type-specific PM2.5 concentration by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and in relation to the Center for Disease Control's Social Vulnerability Index. Overall, population-weighted PM2.5 concentrations are greater from wildfires than from prescribed and from agricultural burns. While we found limited evidence of exposure disparities among sub-groups across the full study area, we did observe disproportionately higher exposures to wildfire-specific PM2.5 exposures among Native communities in all three states and, in California, higher agricultural burn-specific PM2.5 exposures among lower socioeconomic groups. We also identified, for all three states, areas of significant spatial clustering of smoke exposures from all fire types and increased social vulnerability. These results provide a first look at the differential contributions of smoke from wildfires, prescribed burns, and agricultural burns to PM2.5 exposures among demographic subgroups, which can be used to inform more tailored exposure reduction strategies across sources.","PeriodicalId":48618,"journal":{"name":"Geohealth","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2023GH000961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140631956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0