Children-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Partnering with Young Parents to Improve Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Programmes.","authors":"Genevieve Choi, Holly Teagle, Suzanne C Purdy, Andrew Wood","doi":"10.3390/children12050629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programmes must partner effectively with families navigating complex circumstances. Adolescent parents (APs) in Teen Parent Units (TPUs) represent a dynamic group demonstrating resilience as they balance childcare, education, and their own developmental journeys. This study explores their understanding of infant hearing, sources of knowledge, and the development of an effective teaching tool. <b>Methods:</b> A qualitative study was conducted with AP learners at a TPU in Aotearoa, New Zealand. Following a period of relationship-building, three focus groups were held. Data were analysed using content analysis and reflexive thematic analysis. <b>Results:</b> AP learners demonstrated a strong awareness of multisensory interactions. Major sources of knowledge included their relational interactions with people they trusted (midwives and family members), rather than social media. Four key themes emerged in the teaching tool's development: (1) the effectiveness of multimodal teaching tools, (2) the benefits of peer-supported group learning, (3) the impact of high strain, and (4) the importance of Te Ao Māori (a Māori worldview). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study highlights the importance of culturally grounded health interventions for families navigating complex life circumstances. Group-based learning fostered peer support, hands-on multimodal teaching was effective, and culturally relevant materials and pedagogies enhanced engagement. EHDI programs may more effectively support infants from families navigating complex circumstances by collaborating with trusted support people, integrating with wraparound care networks, utilising safe and familiar settings, and delivering interventions in an engaging and culturally appropriate manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive Function in Young Children: Validation of the Preschool Executive Task Assessment.","authors":"Yael Fogel, Ortal Cohen Elimelech, Naomi Josman","doi":"10.3390/children12050626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Executive function-the cognitive processes and abilities used to perform daily activities and solve real-world problems-is crucial for children's development. However, existing assessments often lack ecological validity, limiting their ability to reflect real-world cognitive performance. This study aims to validate the Preschool Executive Task Assessment (PETA) as a performance-based ecological measure of executive functions in typically developing Israeli children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-six typically developing children participated. Parents completed a demographic questionnaire and the Child Evaluation Checklist, while children undertook two Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised 95 subtests. Eligible participants completed three performance-based assessments: PETA, the Children's Kitchen Task Assessment (CKTA), and the Do-Eat. Inter-rater reliability was examined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and concurrent validity was assessed via correlations with the CKTA and Do-Eat scores. The Benjamini-Hochberg correction method was used to control false-positive findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age showed weak-to-moderate correlations with key performance measures, including total score, completion time, and required cues (-0.48 < r < -0.37, <i>p</i> < 0.05), indicating improved PETA performance with age. Inter-rater reliability for the PETA was high (ICC = 0.84). Significant correlations were found between the PETA completion time and CKTA total score (r = 0.42, <i>p</i> = 0.014), and between working memory and the CKTA total score (r = -0.44, <i>p</i> = 0.008). Additionally, significant correlations were found between the PETA and the Do-Eat (-0.69 < r < 0.55).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although further research is needed to refine its use across diverse populations and settings with larger samples, these preliminary findings support the PETA's reliability and validity as a performance-based executive function assessment in young children. This study advances ecologically valid assessments and aids clinicians in selecting appropriate tools for evaluating executive functions in early childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal Hemoglobin in Preterm Infants After Resuscitation with Immediate Cord Clamping, Delayed Cord Clamping, or Cord Milking.","authors":"Carlo Dani, Giulia Remaschi, Matilde Ulivi, Niccolò Monti, Simone Pratesi","doi":"10.3390/children12050627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) plays a beneficial role in the progressive adaptation to the postnatal oxygen-rich environment in preterm infants due to its peculiar properties. Our aim was to evaluate if preterm infants resuscitated with delayed cord clamping (DCC) or umbilical cord milking (UCM) might have higher and more durable HbF levels than infants resuscitated with immediate cord clamping (ICC). <b>Methods:</b> We retrospectively studied 181 preterm infants born at <30 weeks of gestation, among whom 120 were resuscitated with ICC, 30 with DCC, and 31 with UCM. Mean values of HbF blood levels in the first postnatal week (HbF1st _week); in the 14th, 21st, and 28th days of life (HbF_{14-21-28 DOL}); and in the 31st, 34th, and 36th weeks of postmenstrual age (HbF_{31-34-36 weeks}) were calculated. <b>Results:</b> We found that HbF1st _week (15.3 ± 3.4 vs. 12.6 ± 3.5 g/dL, <i>p</i> < 0.001), HbF_{14-21-28 DOL}, (9.3 ± 3.2 vs. 7.6 ± 3.6 g/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.018), and Hb_{-34-36 weeks} (7.5 ± 3.6 vs. 5.7 ± 3.6 g/dL, <i>p</i> = 0.014) levels were higher in the UCM than in the ICC group. No differences of HbF levels were found between the DCC and ICC groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> UCM was associated with a persistent higher level of HbF than ICC. The effect of DCC was less marked as HbF level was higher than ICC only in the first week of life. UCM and DCC may help counteract the negative effects of blood sampling and transfusions on HbF levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Effects of Mental Health and Parent-Youth Relationship on the Associations Between Childhood Violence Exposure and Adolescent Dating Violence Perpetration.","authors":"Katie N Russell, Laura A Voith","doi":"10.3390/children12050628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Adolescent dating violence (ADV) is a serious public health concern affecting youth worldwide. Potential risk factors of ADV include child maltreatment (CM) and intimate partner violence exposure (eIPV), though existing research on ADV perpetration specifically is inconsistent. There is limited research on co-occurring eIPV and CM, despite co-occurrence in 30-60% of homes where there is one. This study aims to address these gaps by testing the impact of childhood violence exposure on ADV perpetration and assessing two potential, theory-informed mitigating factors-mental health and parent-youth relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilizes moderated-mediation structural equation modeling with longitudinal data from a sample of 2354 U.S. adolescents (10-18) and one of their caregivers. Three models were tested: (1) childhood violence exposure (eIPV only, CM only, or co-occurring CM & EIPV) and ADV perpetration; (2) mediation by mental health quality on model 1; and (3) overall moderation by parent-youth relationship quality on model 2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final sample consisted of 961 youth with a history of dating. A significant direct effect between eIPV and ADV perpetration was found. There was a significant direct effect between co-occurrence (eIPV & CM) and ADV perpetration, which was mediated by mental health quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study further emphasizes the relation between eIPV and ADV and provides novel evidence of the impact co-occurrence has on ADV. Evidence of a trauma-informed mitigating factor, mental health quality, offers a potential point of intervention to be considered by mental health providers and ADV prevention/intervention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Medication Safety Through Medication Reconciliation in Pediatric Neurology: Clinical Pharmacist Recommendations and Physician Uptake in a 13-Week Study.","authors":"Margherita Zennaro, Anna Trotter, Daniele Mengato, Laura Camuffo, Claudio Ancona, Irene Toldo, Maria Cecilia Giron, Maria Federica Pelizza, Margherita Nosadini, Giorgio Perilongo, Stefano Sartori, Francesca Venturini","doi":"10.3390/children12050625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Clinical pharmacy plays a crucial role in optimizing medication use, particularly in pediatric settings where drug therapy can be complex and understudied. This study aims to assess the impact of clinical pharmacists in the Pediatric Neurology and Neurophysiology Unit of the Padova University Hospital, focusing on physician acceptance of pharmacist suggestions and the types of advice most frequently followed. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective observational study was conducted over 13 weeks to describe the implementation phase of clinical pharmacists' involvement in medication reconciliation in this setting. The study consisted of three steps. The study utilized a cluster model to categorize pharmacist suggestions and to evaluate physician acceptance rates. <b>Results:</b> The study included 57 hospitalized pediatric patients (53% male) with a median age of 3 years (IQR: 1-10.25). A total of 138 recommendations were shared, with an overall acceptance rate of 42%. Medication errors accounted for the largest cluster of suggestions (45%), though only 32% were accepted. Among the most frequently shared categories of suggestions, pharmaceutical form optimization (A) and drug supply (E) exhibited higher acceptance rates by clinicians (64% and 42%, respectively). The acceptance rate increased over time, peaking at 100% during weeks 7 and 11, correlating positively with enhanced collaboration between pharmacists and clinicians (R² = 0.59). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study highlights the importance of clinical pharmacists in pediatric care, particularly in improving medication management through targeted interventions. The findings suggest that integrating clinical pharmacists into multidisciplinary teams can enhance patient care quality by fostering collaboration and trust among healthcare professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strength Training in Children: A Systematic Review Study.","authors":"Borys Bismark León-Reyes, Dilan Galeano-Rojas, Manuel Gámez-Vílchez, Claudio Farias-Valenzuela, Claudio Hinojosa-Torres, Pedro Valdivia-Moral","doi":"10.3390/children12050623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the increasing prevalence of sedentary lifestyles and childhood obesity, physical activity and exercise have emerged as essential pillars of health promotion in childhood. In this context, schools play a fundamental role as key players in the implementation of interventions that promote healthy habits and a more physically active life.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of the present study was to conduct a systematic review of the benefits of strength training in primary school students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review was carried out using the Web of Science and Scopus databases, following the guidelines of the PRISMA statement and a PICO strategy. The studies were selected according to different inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 11 scientific articles published in English during the last 5 years (2020-2024). The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the STROBE checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results suggest that strength training with elementary school students improves physical and motor performance variables, as well as cognitive, psychosocial and health variables. Likewise, it can be observed that plyometric strength-training methods and unilateral and combined programs with aerobic and motor skills training are highly effective and favor adherence to physical exercise. This also demonstrates the importance and necessity of developing motor coordination skills from an early age, since they represent a determining factor in strength training as the exercises become more specific and complex.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, implementing strength training programs in primary education confers several benefits at an integral level for the students and is crucial to improving the lifestyle and quality of life of students.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144163051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Patterns of HIV-Exposed and -Unexposed Infants in African Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Perpetua Modjadji, Kabelo Mokgalaboni, Wendy N Phoswa, Tebogo Maria Mothiba, Sogolo L Lebelo","doi":"10.3390/children12050624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The purpose of this study is to understand the prevalence and odds of poor growth patterns among HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) versus HIV-unexposed (HUU) infants in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in Africa. <b>Methods:</b> We reviewed and meta-analyzed studies on growth patterns among HEU versus HUU infants in Africa. Evidence was gathered from the PubMed and Scopus databases following PRISMA guidelines. We independently evaluated the quality of included studies using Newcastle Ottawa guidelines. Data analysis was performed using an online meta-analysis tool, and the results are reported as odds ratios (OR) and prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CI). <b>Results:</b> A total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. The odds of stunting were significantly higher among HEU infants compared to HUU infants, with an odds ratio of 1.56 (95% CI: 1.23-1.97; <i>p</i> < 0.01). The pooled prevalence of stunting was 25% (95% CI: 17-33%) in HEU infants and 19% (95% CI: 12-26%) in HUU infants. In contrast, no significant differences were observed for underweight and wasting. The odds of being underweight in HEU infants compared to HUU was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.47-1.56; <i>p</i> = 0.60), with a pooled prevalence of 11% (95% CI: 5-17%) in HEU and 14% (95% CI: 5-24%) in HUU. Similarly, the odds of wasting were 1.10 (95% CI: 0.78-1.56; <i>p</i> = 0.58), with a pooled prevalence of 9% (95% CI: 3-14%) in HEU and 7% (95% CI: 3-12%) in HUU. <b>Conclusions:</b> Stunting was the most prevalent growth deficit among HEU infants compared to their HUU counterparts, with no significant differences observed in the rates of underweight and wasting. To improve postnatal growth outcomes, especially in the evolving landscape of HIV treatment and prevention, efforts should focus on educating and supporting mothers living with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Special Issue on Neonatology for the 10th Anniversary of <i>Children</i>: From Preclinical Findings to Bringing Families to the Centre of Contemporary Neonatal Care.","authors":"Karel Allegaert","doi":"10.3390/children12050622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatology is a specialized branch of medicine, focussed on the care of newborns, either related to preterm birth or other medical conditions like sepsis, asphyxia, or congenital malformations [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Challenges and New Strategies in Pediatric Short Bowel Syndrome: Focus on Surgical Aspects and Prevention of Complications.","authors":"Igor Sukhotnik, Haguy Kammar","doi":"10.3390/children12050621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The medical management and non-transplant surgical options for children with short bowel syndrome (SBS)are maximized as first-line treatments. The purpose of this review is to summarize the currently available evidence and new management strategies in children with SBS. <b>Methods:</b> A systematic review of the literature was conducted on data from the last four years, focusing on both the effectiveness and safety of intestinal lengthening procedures, as well as frameworks for the prevention of complications and the achievement of enteral autonomy. <b>Results:</b> Of 546 abstracts that were screened, a total of 27 relevant full-text articles published between 2021 and 2025 were reviewed. The literature that was review showed that, over the past four years, the most commonly used lengthening procedure was serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP), which resulted in a 50-70% increase in bowel length, a decrease in PN dependency in most cases, and weaning off PN in 42-73% of patients. The longitudinal intestinal lengthening technique (LILT) has been used less frequently, allowing a similar 70% increase in small bowel length and 32-52% of patients to wean off PN, but with a higher mortality rate. The main reasons for surgery in patients with SBS patients were the inability to wean off PN, intestinal dysmotility, and bacterial overgrowth. Over the last decade, several new techniques-such as induced intestinal lengthening, distraction enterogenesis, ileal lengthening through internal distraction, and double-barrel enteroplasty-have been described as options for the treatment of a limited bowel length and less invasive modalities. <b>Conclusions</b>: Autologous gastrointestinal reconstructive surgery, as a part of multidisciplinary management, remains vital for managing children with SBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Empowerment Among Children and Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Parents of IBD Patients-Use of Counseling Services and Lack of Knowledge About Transition.","authors":"Kalina Kaul, Stefan Schumann, Jakob Felder, Jan Däbritz, Jan de Laffolie","doi":"10.3390/children12050620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/children12050620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Children and adolescents with pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases (PIBD) face significant challenges, including emotional stress, social isolation, and interrupted education due to symptoms. Effective counseling and education empower these young patients and their families to actively participate in healthcare. This paper investigates the IBD needs analysis (CEDNA), focusing on counseling and transition services. <b>Methods:</b> The Study Group distributed questionnaires to PIBD patients and the parents of children and adolescents with PIBD across Germany, with all responses provided anonymously. We conducted a subgroup analysis based on patient age and time since diagnosis, as well as aspects of regional distribution and city size. Parents' responses were analyzed by corresponding age groups to facilitate comparison with the patients' responses. <b>Results:</b> From October 2021 to April 2022, 1158 questionnaires (patients 38.9%, <i>n</i> = 450; parents 61.1%, <i>n</i> = 708) were completed. In the group of 16-17-year-old patients, only 14.1% (<i>n</i> = 239) feel well informed about transition programs (parents 6.7% of <i>n</i> = 360). Depending on the disease duration, 2.1% to 6.9% of the patients surveyed (<i>n</i> = 292) feel well informed about PIBD (parents 3.3% to 7.5%, <i>n</i> = 361). Nutritional counseling is the most requested support service (patients 49.2%, <i>n</i> = 382; parents: service used for their children 41.9%, <i>n</i> = 578; parents: service used for themselves 46.1%, <i>n</i> = 575). <b>Conclusions:</b> PIBD patients, especially aged 12-17, lack knowledge and preparation for transition to adult care. While general PIBD management awareness is fair, targeted educational efforts are necessary. Trustworthy information sources and early, tailored counseling services could enhance transition experiences and improve long-term disease management and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144162854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}