Lancet Planetary Health最新文献

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Planet Health 2023; 7: e271–81","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00171-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00171-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Page e531"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519623001717/pdfft?md5=8944b0af2b9f07dc1efd4bf9246f4a5b&pid=1-s2.0-S2542519623001717-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141538711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of adverse birth outcomes with flood exposure before and during pregnancy in Australia: a cohort study","authors":"Zhengyu Yang MPH ,&nbsp;Wenzhong Huang MPH ,&nbsp;Prof Joanne E McKenzie PhD ,&nbsp;Pei Yu PhD ,&nbsp;Yao Wu MSc ,&nbsp;Rongbin Xu PhD ,&nbsp;Tingting Ye MSc ,&nbsp;Ke Ju MSc ,&nbsp;Yiwen Zhang MSc ,&nbsp;Yujia Huang BSc ,&nbsp;Prof Yuming Guo PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Shanshan Li PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00142-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00142-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Exposure to floods might increase the risks of adverse birth outcomes. However, the current evidence is scarce, inconsistent, and has knowledge gaps. This study aims to estimate the associations of flood exposure before and during pregnancy with adverse birth outcomes and to identify susceptible exposure windows and effect modifiers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this cohort study, we obtained all the birth records occurring in Greater Sydney, Australia, from Jan 1, 2001, to Dec 31, 2020, from the New South Wales Midwives Data Collection and in the Brisbane metropolitan region, Australia, from Jan 1, 1995, to Dec 31, 2014, from the Queensland Health Perinatal Data Collection. For each birth, residential address and historical flood information from the Dartmouth Flood Observatory were used to estimate the numbers of days with floods during five exposure windows (Pre-1 was defined as 13–24 weeks before the last menstrual period [LMP], Pre-2 was 0–12 weeks before the LMP, trimester 1 [Tri-1] was 0–12 weeks after the LMP, trimester 2 [Tri-2] was 13–28 weeks after the LMP, and trimester 3 [Tri-3] was ≥29 weeks after the LMP). We estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) of adverse birth outcomes (preterm births, stillbirths, term low birthweight [TLBW], and small for gestational age [SGA]) associated with flood exposures in the five exposure windows using Cox proportional hazards regression models.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>1 338 314 birth records were included in our analyses, which included 91 851 (6·9%) preterm births, 9831 (0·7%) stillbirths, 25 567 (1·9%) TLBW, and 108 658 (8·1%) SGA. Flood exposure in Pre-1 was associated with increased risks of TLBW (HR 1·06 [95% CI 1·01–1·12]) and SGA (1·04 [1·01–1·06]); flood exposure during Tri-1 was associated with increased risks of preterm births (1·03 [1·002–1·05]), stillbirth (1·11 [1·03–1·20]), and SGA (1·03 [1·01–1·06]). In contrast, flood exposures during Pre-2 and Tri-3 were associated with reduced risks.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Exposures to floods in Pre-1 and Tri-1 are both associated with increased risks of adverse birth outcomes, and the risks increase with a higher exposure. Upon planning for conception and prenatal care, individuals and health practitioners should raise awareness of the increased risks of adverse birth outcomes after experiencing floods.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>The Australian Research Council and the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages e554-e563"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519624001426/pdfft?md5=aa894da3a1ee379ec05fa6e513897b29&pid=1-s2.0-S2542519624001426-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital planetary health needs ethical guidance","authors":"Eric C Ip","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00164-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00164-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages e526-e527"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519624001645/pdfft?md5=1b0189690bae7c1334b898e115bb2376&pid=1-s2.0-S2542519624001645-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying urban park use in the USA at scale: empirical estimates of realised park usage using smartphone location data","authors":"Michael T Young PhD ,&nbsp;Swapnil Vispute MS ,&nbsp;Stylianos Serghiou PhD MD ,&nbsp;Akim Kumok MS ,&nbsp;Yash Shah BS ,&nbsp;Kevin J Lane PhD ,&nbsp;Flannery Black-Ingersoll MPH ,&nbsp;Paige Brochu PhD ,&nbsp;Monica Bharel MD MPH ,&nbsp;Sarah Skenazy MPH ,&nbsp;Alan Karthikesalingam PhD MD ,&nbsp;Shailesh Bavadekar BE ,&nbsp;Mansi Kansal MBA ,&nbsp;Tomer Shekel MBA ,&nbsp;Evgeniy Gabrilovich PhD ,&nbsp;Gregory A Wellenius ScD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00125-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00125-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A large body of evidence connects access to greenspace with substantial benefits to physical and mental health. In urban settings where access to greenspace can be limited, park access and use have been associated with higher levels of physical activity, improved physical health, and lower levels of markers of mental distress. Despite the potential health benefits of urban parks, little is known about how park usage varies across locations (between or within cities) or over time.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We estimated park usage among urban residents (identified as residents of urban census tracts) in 498 US cities from 2019 to 2021 from aggregated and anonymised opted-in smartphone location history data. We used descriptive statistics to quantify differences in park usage over time, between cities, and across census tracts within cities, and used generalised linear models to estimate the associations between park usage and census tract level descriptors.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>In spring (March 1 to May 31) 2019, 18·9% of urban residents visited a park at least once per week, with average use higher in northwest and southwest USA, and lowest in the southeast. Park usage varied substantially both within and between cities; was unequally distributed across census tract-level markers of race, ethnicity, income, and social vulnerability; and was only moderately correlated with established markers of census tract greenspace. In spring 2019, a doubling of walking time to parks was associated with a 10·1% (95% CI 5·6–14·3) lower average weekly park usage, adjusting for city and social vulnerability index. The median decline in park usage from spring 2019 to spring 2020 was 38·0% (IQR 28·4–46·5), coincident with the onset of physical distancing policies across much of the country. We estimated that the COVID-19-related decline in park usage was more pronounced for those living further from a park and those living in areas of higher social vulnerability.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>These estimates provide novel insights into the patterns and correlates of park use and could enable new studies of the health benefits of urban greenspace. In addition, the availability of an empirical park usage metric that varies over time could be a useful tool for assessing the effectiveness of policies intended to increase such activities.</p></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><p>Google.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages e564-e573"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519624001256/pdfft?md5=60d6073253211cf4bf97941c5fd35055&pid=1-s2.0-S2542519624001256-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confronting heat-related illnesses and deaths at mass gathering religious and sporting events","authors":"Brian McCloskey ,&nbsp;Ziad A Memish ,&nbsp;Avinash Sharma ,&nbsp;Tieble Traore ,&nbsp;Salim Parker ,&nbsp;Alimuddin Zumla","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00161-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00161-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages e522-e523"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S254251962400161X/pdfft?md5=dd61622d6235a8526b59a69e63ccbc17&pid=1-s2.0-S254251962400161X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141621238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health and climate policy","authors":"The Lancet Planetary Health","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00173-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00173-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Page e521"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519624001736/pdfft?md5=6723ae780431475251f17c479d18f811&pid=1-s2.0-S2542519624001736-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasons of smoke and fire: preparing health systems for improved performance before, during, and after wildfires","authors":"Attila J Hertelendy PhD ,&nbsp;Courtney Howard MD ,&nbsp;Cecilia Sorensen MD ,&nbsp;Jamie Ranse PhD ,&nbsp;Ejemai Eboreime MD PhD ,&nbsp;Sarah Henderson PhD ,&nbsp;Jeffrey Tochkin MA ,&nbsp;Gregory Ciottone MD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00144-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00144-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increased frequency, intensity, and duration of wildfires are intensifying exposure to direct and smoke-related hazards in many areas, leading to evacuation and smoke-related effects on health and health systems that can affect regions extending over thousands of kilometres. Effective preparation and response are currently hampered by inadequate training, continued siloing of disciplines, insufficient finance, and inadequate coordination between health systems and governance at municipal, regional, national, and international levels. This Review highlights the key health and health systems considerations before, during, and after wildfires, and outlines how a health system should respond to optimise population health outcomes now and into the future. The focus is on the implications of wildfires for air quality, mental health, and emergency management, with elements of international policy and finance also addressed. We discuss commonalities of existing climate-resilient health care and disaster management frameworks and integrate them into an approach that addresses issues of financing, leadership and governance, health workforce, health information systems, infrastructure, supply chain, technologies, community interaction and health-care delivery, before, during, and after a wildfire season. This Review is a practical briefing for leaders and health professionals facing severe wildfire seasons and a call to break down silos and join with other disciplines to proactively plan for and fund innovation and coordination in service of a healthier future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages e588-e602"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S254251962400144X/pdfft?md5=ca61939164508981cbf490e8194e1e81&pid=1-s2.0-S254251962400144X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where and how to invest in greenspace for optimal health benefits: a systematic review of greenspace morphology and human health relationships","authors":"Huaqing Wang PhD ,&nbsp;Simin Gholami MSc ,&nbsp;Wenyan Xu PhD ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Samavatekbatan MSc ,&nbsp;Ole Sleipness PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Louis G Tassinary PhD JD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00140-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00140-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research on the relationship between greenspace morphology and health is a growing field that informs the spatial design of greenspace to enhance health outcomes. This study reviews the current progress, methodologies, and knowledge gaps in this area. From a database search of 272 940 English articles and 39 053 Chinese articles up to April 18, 2024, we identified 22 and 7 studies on the topic for further evaluation. Predominantly cross-sectional and neighbourhood-scale analyses were conducted using land cover maps ranging from 0·25 to 100 meters in resolution. Six primary characteristics of greenspace morphology have been studied, including size, shape, fragmentation, connectedness, aggregation, and diversity. While associations between greenspace morphology and health outcomes have been observed, both their reliability and generalisability remain suggestive due to ecological study designs and heterogeneity among studies. Future research should prioritise individual-level prospective cohorts and intervention studies. Exploring mechanisms linking greenspace morphology and health, determining optimal map resolution, and distinguishing it from greenness magnitude in statistical analysis is essential. This evidence is crucial for health-promoting greenspace planning and should be routinely integrated into urban epidemiological research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 8","pages":"Pages e574-e587"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519624001402/pdfft?md5=8aeff536e0444db8879aef24075350d1&pid=1-s2.0-S2542519624001402-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Political restoration","authors":"The Lancet Planetary Health","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00146-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00146-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 7","pages":"Page e423"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519624001463/pdfft?md5=820cff2f4618f9320a4c455f671c11a2&pid=1-s2.0-S2542519624001463-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141538783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stemming the rising tide of Vibrio disease","authors":"Craig Baker-Austin PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Iain Lake PhD ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Archer PhD ,&nbsp;Rachel Hartnell PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Joaquin Trinanes PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Jaime Martinez-Urtaza PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00124-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00124-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globally, the diverse bacterial genus <em>Vibrio</em> is the most important group of bacterial pathogens found in marine and coastal waters. These bacteria can cause an array of human infections via direct exposure to seawater or through the consumption of seafoods grown and cultivated in coastal and estuarine settings. Crucially, we appear to be on the cusp of an alarming global increase in <em>Vibrio</em> disease. A worldwide increase in seafood consumption, the globalisation of the seafood trade, the more frequent use of coastal waters for recreational activities, and climate change all contribute to greatly increased human health risks associated with <em>Vibrio</em> bacteria. Coupled with a population that is increasingly susceptible to more serious infections, we are likely to see a marked increase in both reported cases and fatalities in the near future. In this Personal View, we discuss and frame this important and emerging public health issue, and provide various contemporary case studies to illustrate how the risk profiles of pathogenic <em>Vibrio</em> bacteria have transformed in the past two decades—particularly in response to changing climatological and meteorological drivers such as marine coastal warming and extreme weather events such as heatwaves and storms. We share various approaches to help better understand and manage risks associated with these bacteria, ranging from risk mitigation strategies to enhanced epidemiological monitoring and surveillance approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48548,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Planetary Health","volume":"8 7","pages":"Pages e515-e520"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2542519624001244/pdfft?md5=99fbdf66e0e636f803f7c0279ab3a9f6&pid=1-s2.0-S2542519624001244-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141538784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}