Tobacco Regulatory Science最新文献

{"title":"Development and Test of Social Director of Sports Psychological Contract Scale","authors":"Xia Shuhua, Zhao Qianqian","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.67","url":null,"abstract":"In order to provide important realistic basis for standardizing, guiding and governing the guiding behavior of social sports instructors, the measuring tools of psychological expectation were compiled. According to the survey data of 285 social sports instructors and 365 social sports\u0000 instructors, project analysis, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out, and reliability and validity tests were conducted. The results are as follows: (1) the social sports instructors psychological contract scale by the growth and development, belonging\u0000 and identity and norms and guidelines of three dimensions, 36 projects, divided into organizational responsibility subscales (growth liability, ownership, standard responsibility) and personal responsibility subscales (development rule of liability, recognition and responsibility) two subscales.\u0000 (2) The Cronbach's Alpha value of organizational responsibility scale was 0.927 and KMO was 0.904 (P<0.5); the Cronbach's Alpha value of personal responsibility scale was 0.932 and KMO was 0.921 (P<0.5). The subscales of organizational responsibility and personal responsibility χ2/\u0000 DF < 3, GFI > 0.8, CFI < 0.9, RMSEA < 0.8; the structure and data fit well and meet the requirements of psychological test. (3) It is consistent with the realistic, conditional exchange and development-oriented dimensions of the authoritative psychological contract research contents\u0000 at home and abroad, and reflects the group characteristics of social sports instructors in the expressions and specific items. Individual responsibility is greater than organizational responsibility; Organizational norms and personal norms have the highest expectation of responsibility; the\u0000 pursuit of growth and development is greater than belonging identification. The psychological contract scale for social sports instructors has a reasonable structure, good reliability and validity, and reflects the value pursuit of the group. It is an ideal evaluation tool for studying the\u0000 psychological contract of social sports instructors.","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49564788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Blended Teaching Design and Practice in the Course of Three-Dimensional Composition","authors":"L. Jing","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.25","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Blended teaching design is a relatively new-rising teaching mode at present. This paper is mainly based on the compulsory basic course Three-dimensional Composition of the art majors in colleges and universities for the study of the blended teaching design and practice, which has\u0000 a strong representativeness in exploring the reform of the course teaching methods. Starting from the teaching problems in the research, this paper explores the ideas of the teaching mode reform, conducts the practice of the blended teaching mode, and summarizes the feasibility plan of the\u0000 blended teaching design, which is of great practical teaching significance in improving the teaching quality and students' learning interest, For example, use tobacco, tobacco boxes and other materials to make the theme course training, and is also valuable in combining theory teaching with\u0000 practice teaching.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47638697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect Of Cluster Intervention Strategy Combined with Targeted Nursing on Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Icu Patients","authors":"Xueqin Li, Xiuying Chen","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.112","url":null,"abstract":"Background VAP is a common complication of ventilator maintenance therapy. The occurrence of VAP is related to many factors such as long duration of breathing, invasive operation, pollution of respiratory tubes and instruments, and low immunity of patients. The prevention\u0000 of VAP in critically ill patients I the primary problem for clinical medical staff. Avoiding exogenous bacteria invading the respiratory tract and endogenous bacterial infection is the main method. Objective To investigate the value of optimized cluster nursing intervention\u0000 combined with targeted nursing measures in reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients with mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods 200 patients with mechanical ventilation in ICU of our institute from January\u0000 2017 to June 2020 were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group, with 100 cases in each group. The study group was treated with cluster nursing intervention combined with targeted nursing measures optimized by muItL criteria decision analysis method, and the control\u0000 group was treated with targeted nursing measures. The incidence of VAP, the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in sputum specimens and the effect of nursing execution were compared between the two groups. 200 patients were divided into VAP group and non-VAP group according to whether VAP\u0000 occurred. Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis was used to explore the risk factors of VAP in AECOPD patients. Results A total of 4 strains were detected in the study group and 18 strains were detected in the control group. The detection rate of pathogenic\u0000 bacteria in the study group was higher than that in the control group (y2=10.010, P=0.002<0.05). The incidence of VAP in the study group was 4.00% lower than 17.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with VAP group and non-VAP group,\u0000 the proportion of patients with serum albumin<30g/L, diabetes mellitus rate, APACHE II score>15 points, tracheotomy rate and mechanical ventilation time≥5 days in VAP group were significantly higher than those in non-VAP group, which had statistical significance (P<0.05). The results\u0000 of logistic regression model snowed that serum albumin ≥30g/L and optimized cluster nursing could effectively reduce the risk of VAP in ICU patients with mechanical ventilation (P<0.05). The risk of VAP in ICU patients with mechanical ventilation was increased by the combination of diabetes\u0000 rate. APACHE II score≥15 points, tracheotomy and mechanical ventilation time ≥ 5 days (P<0.05). Conclusion The risk of VAP in ICU patients with mechanical ventilation is high, and the optimized cluster nursing intervention combined with targeted nursing\u0000 measures can effectively reduce the incidence of VAP.","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47969028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creative Arts Therapy on the Mental Health of Students in Smoke-free Universities","authors":"Chang Wen-Lung, Z. Lijun, Ma Liwen, Chen Yi-mei, Chang We-Hsuan, Wu Peng","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.37","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study explored the mental health of students in smoke-free universities and the influence of creative arts therapy during COVID-19 pandemic period. 1) The survey was conducted from March to April, 2020, and students in smoke-free universities were invited to fill out and forward\u0000 the questionnaire through social software such as QQ and WeChat. The subjects of the survey are 800 students studying in smoke-free colleges and universities in South China. 2) The experimental research method was adopted. 40 students in smoke-free universities suffering from psychological\u0000 stress and depression caused by COVID-19 pandemic were divided into 20 experimental groups and 20 control groups. The control group received no intervention treatment, while the experimental group received creative arts therapy. The survey data of mental health of students in smoke-free universities,\u0000 mental health assessment standard data and self-esteem scale (SES) were observed. Results: A total of 850 questionnaires were collected, of which 839 were valid, and the effective response rate was 98.7%. As for the scores of the new psychological status of students in smoke-free universities\u0000 during covid-19 pandemic period and mental health of students in smoke-free universities, the slight degree accounted for the highest proportion (39.7%), followed by the moderate degree of 34.2%. And 47% of the respondents felt lonely, decadent, irritable, emotionally fluctuating and difficult\u0000 to concentrate. the results of self-esteem scale (SES) showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups before intervention (t=1.782, P=0.08>0.05). After intervention, the score of the study group was 42.74±2.69 points, which was significantly higher than that\u0000 of the control group (36.11±4.58 points), and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-1.192, P=0.04<0.05). Conclusion: about 53% of the respondents were in good mental health during the epidemic period, and they were able to adjust themselves even if they were in slightly\u0000 bad mood. However, 47% of the respondents felt lonely, decadent, irritable, emotionally fluctuating and difficult to concentrate. After the intervention of creative arts therapy, the scores of SES indicated that students in smoke-free universities' self-worth and self-acceptance were increased,\u0000 showing the release of anxiety and mental stress to a certain extent.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46860673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Analysis of Family Ecology under the Toxic Smoke in DeLillo’s White Noise","authors":"Zhao Yuxin, Xu Wenpei","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.18","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper takes the Gladneys in DeLillo’s White Noise as the research object and examines their daily life. Ecocriticism theory is adopted to determine what factors might influence their family ecology and lead to the lack of communication and trust among family members. The\u0000 results of this study have indicated that the dilemma of the Gladneys stems from the toxic smoke floating in the air and pervading in the sociocultural context. Changes in family structure, mass media and consumer culture all overshadow their family ecology. The Gladneys’ dilemma also\u0000 reflects the collective dilemma of the post-modern American society.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48191056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Agricultural Product-coupled Subsidy Policy Considering Output Uncertainty and the Development of Tobacco Agriculture","authors":"X. Lei","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.13","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The health and well-ordered development of tobacco agriculture is very important. The incentive effects of plant-coupled subsidies and output-coupled subsidies on farming decisions with the consideration of uncertainty are investigated. The study shows that\u0000 if the same unit subsidy is adopted, the incentive effect of the two policies will be determined by the expected output. When the expected output is higher, the incentive effect of the output-coupled subsidy is better than that of the plant-coupled subsidy. And when the expected output is\u0000 lower, the incentive effect of the plant-coupled subsidy is better. If the implementation scheme limits the total amount of subsidies, it is better to determine subsidy policy by optimal output. The higher the optimal output is, the better the plant-coupled subsidy is. And when the optimal\u0000 output is relatively low, the output-coupled subsidy shows a better incentive effect. Meanwhile, the study results also show that the incentive effects of the two coupled subsidy policies for increasing production and income are consistent, and the advantages of the policy with better incentive\u0000 effects increase as the amount of subsidies increases.","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43922176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connotation and Construction of “Lancang-Mekong Community of Shared Future” through Sports Cooperation","authors":"Wang Peng, Wang Jiyan, Du Guochuan, Yang Wenjie","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.65","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In essence, the community with a shared future for mankind is a community of values, which has entered the stage of strategic implementation. The Lancang Mekong River Basin countries share the same river water, which has already bred the community concept of \"relatives, neighbors\u0000 and friends\", and is the priority area of \"building a community with a shared future for mankind\". As an important channel to expand international cooperation space, the sports field should constantly promote practical cooperation and help the construction of \"Lancang Mekong\u0000 community of common destiny\". Based on the Lancang Mekong cooperation mechanism and regional characteristics, this paper holds the connection and maintenance functions of \"easy\" and \"regular\" contained in sports, and puts forward the following ideas: make a top-level\u0000 design of policies, actively incorporate into the policy system of regional cooperation mechanism; connect with national strategies, declare various special funds to provide financial support; deepen sports tourism cooperation and promote the Lancang Mekong nationality Traditional sports games\u0000 and cultural festivals create the brand of Lancang Mekong events, enhance the consciousness of Lancang Mekong, and form the Lancang Mekong sports culture; play the role of \"non-state actors\" such as overseas Chinese, industry associations and Universities, expand the \"individual\"\u0000 interaction field, and provide internal driving force for the construction of \"Lancang Mekong Community of Shared future\".\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49290663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Principle of Proportionality and Judicial Discretion in ICSID Arbitration: A Case Study of Tobacco Industry","authors":"Qu Guangyi, Shen Wei","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.20","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the 2003 Tecmedv. Mexico case, the principle of proportionality, which was already practiced under the jurisprudence of the ECtHR, was transplanted to investment arbitration cases under the ICSID. Tobacco control regulations are imposed on tobacco company by state to protect the\u0000 public health. In landmark case Philip Morris v. Uruguay, the tribunal resorted to the principle of proportionality to prove that tobacco control measures do not constitute the violation of investment treaty. Nevertheless, few have discussed discretionary issues caused by this expanded use\u0000 especially. This article attempts to challenge the current manner in which the principle of proportionality is utilized in investment arbitration under ICSID. More specifically, it seeks to challenge the discretion exerted by the tribunals when the principle is applied especially applied to\u0000 tobacco control regulations. This article will demonstrate how the unwarranted judicial discretion has a detrimental effect on predicting how the ICSID tribunals will protect property rights while balancing the host states’ power to regulate.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43187262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Positive Affect on Mental Health of Undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in the Context of Smoke-free Campus in Chinese Mainland","authors":"Dong Yile","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In recent years, more and more young people from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan have come to universities in Chinese Mainland for higher education. However, due to the differences in political, economic and cultural environment between Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions and Chinese\u0000 Mainland, these young people have encountered psychological problems such as examination anxiety, interpersonal loneliness and lack of sense of meaning in life due to the related learning and life difficulties in Chinese mainland universities, which affect their growth and success. Many of\u0000 the students originally thought that smoking was used in a more secluded environment to relieve stress, psychological counseling and energy recovery, but in fact smoking brings more harm. In the creation of a smoke-free campus, a variety of measures are adopted to give full play to the positive\u0000 emotions of students to promote their mental health, which will help to achieve the creation of a smoke-free campus and share a healthy life on the campus. Based on the survey of a total of 658 undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in H University on their positive affect and mental\u0000 health, the following conclusions are drawn through data analysis: undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in Chinese Mainland have positive affect at the upper-middle level, negative affect and overall affect at the lower-middle level; some undergraduates from Hong Kong, Macao and\u0000 Taiwan in Chinese mainland universities have middle-level mental health status and significant differences in grade and family relationship satisfaction; family relationship satisfaction has an important impact on students' emotional and mental health; the negative emotional performance and\u0000 mental health of senior students, science students and students with low family relationship satisfaction need more attention from educators. Correlation analysis shows that positive affect is positively correlated with health concerns, energy status, satisfaction and interest in life, mood\u0000 status, control of emotions and behaviors, relaxation and tension, and total score of mental health (P < 0.01). Regression analysis shows that positive affect has significant positive predictive effects on six factors in mental health, such as \"health concerns\", \"satisfaction\u0000 and interest in life\", \"energy\", \"mental state\", \"control of emotions and behaviors\", \"relaxation and tension\" and mental health. The enlightenment of this study lies in the suggestions that actions should be taken from the two levels of school\u0000 education and home-school combination to strengthen the cultivation of positive affect of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan undergraduates in Chinese mainland universities, so as to improve their mental health level.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49466236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Influence of Community Social Organizations on Smoking-Free Community Governance Based on the Trend of Pluralism","authors":"Yang Lei","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.85","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 At present, under the background that the whole society is building a new pattern of social governance with common governance and sharing, we should give full play to the role of community social organizations in smoking-free community governance, plan as a whole, coordinate the\u0000 cooperation between the society and the government to jointly carry out community governance-related issues, and realize the benign interaction between government governance, social adjustment and residents' autonomy. As an important part of community diversified governance, community social\u0000 organizations have gradually become an integral part of smoking-free community governance by virtue of their own advantages of autonomy, non-officiality and openness, and have received more and more attention and favor. At the same time, relying on their own advantages, they created a pattern\u0000 of community pluralistic governance together with other organizations, which has improved the ability and level of smoking-free community governance. In the process of all-round social development, social community organizations have mushroomed in the governance of various communities and\u0000 made great progress in terms of quantity, organizational quality, importance and function. Modern smoking-free community governance is increasingly inseparable from community social organizations. In view of the importance of community social organizations to community governance, this paper\u0000 studies the existing problems of community social organizations in community governance, understands the difficulties of cooperation among multiple subjects under the current trend of pluralism, explores how to better play the role of community social organizations, and gives operational and\u0000 effective countermeasures and suggestions based on the problems existing in community governance to effectively promote the improvement of smoking-free community governance, which is very necessary and urgently needed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47416152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}