3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0253

James Conklin, Maryam Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh, Douglas Archibald, Jacobi Elliott, Amy Hsu, Anita Kothari, Paul Stolee, Heidi Sveistrup

引用次数: 0

Indigenous protected and conserved areas (IPCAs): Canada's new path forward for biological and cultural conservation and Indigenous well-being 土著保护区:加拿大生物和文化保护和土著福利的新前进道路

3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0118

Nicolas Mansuy, Diana Staley, Sharlene Alook, Brenda Parlee, Alexandra Thomson, Danika Billie Littlechild, Matthew Munson, Fred Didzena

{"title":"Indigenous protected and conserved areas (IPCAs): Canada's new path forward for biological and cultural conservation and Indigenous well-being","authors":"Nicolas Mansuy, Diana Staley, Sharlene Alook, Brenda Parlee, Alexandra Thomson, Danika Billie Littlechild, Matthew Munson, Fred Didzena","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0118","url":null,"abstract":"Wilderness and national parks play a fundamental role in defining Canadian identity, yet Indigenous Peoples have historically been excluded from conservation decisions, resulting in systematic dispossession and oppression. In this article, we collaborate with Dene Tha'First Nation to discuss the recent paradigm shift towards Indigenous-led conservation and propose guiding principles to advance and assert the critical role of Indigenous Peoples in conservation. We begin with a brief history of Indigenous Peoples in conservation, followed by the concept of Indigenous protected and conserved areas (IPCAs). Our analyses show that IPCAs have gained momentum recently, driven by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and Canada's commitment to global conservation goals. With one of the largest landmasses and Indigenous populations in the world, IPCAs in Canada have the potential to make immense contributions to environmental and cultural conservation rooted in an intrinsic relationship to the land. Despite this biocultural diversity, as of 2022, less than 1% of Canada's landmass is declared as Indigenous-led protected areas. However, more than 50 Indigenous communities across the country have currently received funding to establish IPCAs or to undertake early planning and engagement that could position Canada as a global leader in Indigenous-led conservation. As the Government of Canada aims to designate 25% of the territory as protected space by 2025 and 30% by 2030, embedding Indigenous rights, knowledge, and values in the national conservation strategy will be essential to simultaneously honoring the commitments to reconciliation and meeting the ambitious targets stipulated in the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135800278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

If this title is funny, will you cite me? Citation impacts of humour and other features of article titles in ecology and evolution 如果这个标题很有趣，你会引用我吗?幽默等特征对文章标题引用生态学和进化的影响

3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0079

Stephen B. Heard, Chloe A. Cull, Easton R. White

{"title":"If this title is funny, will you cite me? Citation impacts of humour and other features of article titles in ecology and evolution","authors":"Stephen B. Heard, Chloe A. Cull, Easton R. White","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0079","url":null,"abstract":"Titles of scientific papers play a key role in their discovery, and “good” titles engage and recruit readers. Humour is a particularly interesting aspect of title construction, but little is known about whether funny titles boost or limit paper impact. We used a panel of scorers to assess title humour for 2439 papers in ecology and evolution, and measured associations between humour and subsequent citation (self-citation and citation by others). Papers with funnier titles were cited less, but this appears to reflect confounding with paper importance: self-citation data suggest that authors give funnier titles to papers they consider less important. After correction for this, papers with funny titles have significantly higher citation rates ( P < 2.2 × 10 −16 ; roughly doubling from lowest to highest humour score)—suggesting that humour recruits readers. We also examined associations between citation rates and other features of titles. Inclusion of acronyms and taxonomic names was associated with lower citation rates, while assertive-statement phrasing and presence of colons, question marks, and political regions were associated with somewhat higher citation rates. Title length had no effect on citation. Our results suggest that scientists can use creativity with titles without having their work condemned to obscurity.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":"184 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136092280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Braiding Indigenous knowledge systems and Western-based sciences in the Alberta oil sands region: A systematic review 在阿尔伯塔油砂地区编织土著知识系统和西方科学:系统回顾

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0052

Alana A. E. Wilcox, J. Provencher, D. Henri, S. Alexander, Jessica J. Taylor, S. J. Cooke, P. Thomas, Lydia R. Johnson

{"title":"Braiding Indigenous knowledge systems and Western-based sciences in the Alberta oil sands region: A systematic review","authors":"Alana A. E. Wilcox, J. Provencher, D. Henri, S. Alexander, Jessica J. Taylor, S. J. Cooke, P. Thomas, Lydia R. Johnson","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0052","url":null,"abstract":"The braiding of Indigenous knowledge systems and Western-based sciences offers insights into ecology and has emerged as a way to help address complex environmental issues. We reviewed the publicly available ecological research involving the braiding of Indigenous knowledge systems and Western-based sciences to support collaborative work in the Alberta oil sands region of Canada. We conducted a systematic review, coding for 78 questions in six categories: (1) literature search and bibliographic information; (2) research themes; (3) study setting and design; (4) knowledge systems; (5) power relationships, colonization, and ethical considerations in research; and (6) benefits and challenges of braiding. We identified six articles that braided knowledge, with those articles focusing on environmental management and monitoring for impacts of industrial activity in northern Alberta. Researchers used a broad range of approaches to gather Indigenous knowledge and scientific data and identified multiple challenges (e.g., asymmetries of power, resource availability, and funding) to research. Our findings show that more support is needed to foster, promote, and disseminate interdisciplinary collaborative work involving braiding. Additional support is also required to address Indigenous community research needs related to the assessment of environmental impact and reclamation, as well as the understanding of ecological threats across the region.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46413166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Laws matter: a foundational approach to biodiversity conservation in Canada 法律很重要:加拿大生物多样性保护的基本方法

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0095

T. Swerdfager, A. Olive

引用次数: 0

Barriers to implementation of dynamic reference points in fisheries management 在渔业管理中实施动态参考点的障碍

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0216

T. Eddy, D. Duplisea, M. Robertson, R. Ruiz-Díaz, C. Solberg, Fan Zhang

{"title":"Barriers to implementation of dynamic reference points in fisheries management","authors":"T. Eddy, D. Duplisea, M. Robertson, R. Ruiz-Díaz, C. Solberg, Fan Zhang","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0216","url":null,"abstract":"Fish populations are dynamic; their productivity depends on the environment, predator and prey interactions, and fisheries harvest rates. Failure to account for these factors in fisheries science and management can lead to a misestimation of stock dynamics and productivity, resulting in overexploitation or forgone fisheries yield. Using an online survey, we asked fisheries scientists, industry stakeholders, Indigenous partners, and non-governmental organizations whether changing ecosystem productivity was a problem in their experience, how often dynamic approaches to fisheries reference points have been adopted, what methods had been used, and what fisheries they had been applied to. Changing fisheries or ecosystem productivity was reported as an issue by 96% of respondents; however, 74% of respondents said they had never seen dynamic reference points implemented, 16% said in very few instances, while 10% said frequently. The most common barriers to implementation of dynamic approaches in fisheries management were institutional inertia and uncertainty about whether a change in productivity was lasting. We discuss trade-offs between fisheries management performance and stability.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44386300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forested wetlands in a protected area and the adjacent working landscape provide complementary biodiversity value based on breeding birds: A case study from Nova Scotia, Canada 保护区的森林湿地和邻近的工作景观提供了基于繁殖鸟类的互补生物多样性价值:加拿大新斯科舍省的案例研究

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0161

John Brazner, Jake Walker, Frances Mackinnon, R. Cameron

{"title":"Forested wetlands in a protected area and the adjacent working landscape provide complementary biodiversity value based on breeding birds: A case study from Nova Scotia, Canada","authors":"John Brazner, Jake Walker, Frances Mackinnon, R. Cameron","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0161","url":null,"abstract":"Protected areas (PAs) are a key component of most conservation strategies because they are thought to enhance biodiversity value relative to similar habitats in working landscapes. To examine whether PAs in Nova Scotia are functioning to enhance the biodiversity value of the landscapes in which they are embedded, we surveyed breeding bird communities in forested wetlands inside and outside of a large PA during 2018 and 2019. We found significantly higher species richness and diversity at sites in the working landscape relative to those inside the PA. Bird communities from different wetland types inside the PA were distinct from each other and those outside the PA, whereas bird communities at outside sites were homogenized and comprised of more early-successional species. There were numerous species of conservation concern at both inside and outside sites, indicating that both types of sites are playing important conservation roles. Abundances of these key species were driven by a combination of local (e.g., water table depth, herb, and shrub cover) and landscape scale factors (e.g., edge density and human disturbance). The higher abundance of long-distance migrants and insectivores at inside sites suggests PAs are providing critical additional support to key guilds that are in steep decline.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42360906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic vegetation cover and decline in common eider breeding numbers in Nova Scotia, Canada 加拿大新斯科舍省的动态植被覆盖和普通羽绒繁殖数量的下降

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0232

Molly D. Tomlik, G. R. Milton, Glen J. Parsons, M. Mallory

{"title":"Dynamic vegetation cover and decline in common eider breeding numbers in Nova Scotia, Canada","authors":"Molly D. Tomlik, G. R. Milton, Glen J. Parsons, M. Mallory","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0232","url":null,"abstract":"The American common eider ( Somateria mollissima dresseri) is a colonially nesting sea duck breeding on islands in the coastal regions of Atlantic Canada. Declines in colony size have been pronounced in some parts of its range, notably in Nova Scotia, and may be attributable to a variety of interconnected factors including changes in habitat conditions. Using surveys collected two decades apart, we compared nesting habitat types, availability, and use by breeding eiders on 16 islands that supported >1600 eider nests in 1992–1993, but 830 nests in 2013. While general patterns of eider nesting habitat use remained consistent (e.g., nesting preferences exhibited for Low Shrubland and Grassland habitats, and avoidance of forest or beach habitats), overall vegetation cover declined, but relative habitat changes were inconsistent across islands. Three of the islands with the greatest change in vegetation had cormorant ( Phalacrocorax spp.) colonies in 2013 that were not there in the earlier years. We suggest that changes in vegetation, in some cases facilitated by cormorant colony formation, influenced susceptibility of nesting females to predators, and these interconnected factors may be contributing to local population declines.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49192962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A combination of optimized threshold and deep learning-based approach to improve malaria detection and segmentation on PlasmoID dataset 结合优化阈值和基于深度学习的方法改进PlasmoID数据集上的疟疾检测和分割

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0206

H. A. Nugroho, Rizki Nurfauzi

{"title":"A combination of optimized threshold and deep learning-based approach to improve malaria detection and segmentation on PlasmoID dataset","authors":"H. A. Nugroho, Rizki Nurfauzi","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0206","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is a life-threatening parasitic disease transmitted to humans by infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial to reduce the high mortality rate of the disease, especially in eastern Indonesia, where limited health facilities and resources contribute to the effortless spread of the disease. In rural areas, the lack of trained parasitologists presents a significant challenge. To address this issue, a computer-aided detection (CAD) system for malaria is needed to support parasitologists in evaluating hundreds of blood smear slides every month. This study proposes a hybrid automated malaria parasite detection and segmentation method using image processing and deep learning techniques. First, an optimized double-Otsu method is proposed to generate malaria parasite patch candidates. Then, deep learning approaches are applied to recognize and segment the parasites. The proposed method is evaluated on the PlasmoID dataset, which consists of 468 malaria-infected microscopic images containing 691 malaria parasites from Indonesia. The results demonstrate that our proposed approach achieved an F1-score of 0.91 in parasite detection. Additionally, it achieved better performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score for parasite segmentation compared to original semantic segmentation methods. These findings highlight the potential of this study to be implemented in CAD malaria detection, which could significantly improve malaria diagnosis in resource-limited areas.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48896122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Saskatchewan Condition Assessment of Lotic Ecosystems (SCALE): A multivariate tool for assessing the integrity of Northern Great Plains wadeable rivers and streams 萨斯喀彻温省河流生态系统状况评估(SCALE):一种评估北部大平原可涉水河流和溪流完整性的多元工具

IF 3.1 3区综合性期刊

Facets Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1139/facets-2022-0158

Iain D. Phillips, G. McMaster, D. Chivers, M. Bowman

{"title":"Saskatchewan Condition Assessment of Lotic Ecosystems (SCALE): A multivariate tool for assessing the integrity of Northern Great Plains wadeable rivers and streams","authors":"Iain D. Phillips, G. McMaster, D. Chivers, M. Bowman","doi":"10.1139/facets-2022-0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2022-0158","url":null,"abstract":"Human access to surface water resources in the Northern Great Plains (NGP) is challenged by availability and quality, and ecosystem health objectives for these characteristics have not been well developed. Here, we present a predictive multivariate model using the reference condition approach to inform goals for ecosystem health assessment. Benthic communities and abiotic variables were collected at 280 potential reference sites and 8 test sites, and of these, reference sites with least amount of human activity (n = 83) were classified into three community groups and summary metrics. Discriminant function analysis and cross-validation determined that stream order and ecoregion predicted 68.7% of the sites correctly, thus enabling comparison of sites with unknown condition to reference site groups. We then evaluated metrics through Test Site Analysis and stressor gradient analysis in each biological group. Beetle and amphipod fauna were found to be important for condition assessment in addition to traditional metrics of species richness, abundance, detritivory, Ephemeroptera/Plecoptera/Trichoptera dominance, and assemblage composition. These results provide least disturbed reference condition and ecological insights into land use impacts in the NGP. Ultimately, this model is an effective tool for evaluating biotic condition, enables prioritizing river management strategies, and can quantify the efficacy of mitigation measures.","PeriodicalId":48511,"journal":{"name":"Facets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47307603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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