Lurian journal最新文献

{"title":"Personality Features of a High School Student — a Potential Emigrant","authors":"Alexander M. Bodnar, Elvira L. Bodnar, Elena V. Sabelnikova","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2023.4.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2023.4.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"In Russia during the Soviet Union, the problem of emigration did not arise, because there was practically no emigration. In Russia, after the restoration of capitalism, there was emigration, but there was no problem of emigration, since everyone who wanted and could leave freely, and the image of a “citizen of the world” had positive connotations. Everything changed dramatically with the start of a special military operation, and our study of the potential reasons for the emigration of young people from Russia in 2021–2022 looks especially relevant now. The purpose of the study is to identify the reasons that contribute to the formation of emigrant moods in the stratum of schoolchildren of sixteen to eighteen years old, students of senior classes of general education schools. The design of the study involved a comparison of the psychological structure of the personality of high school students, carriers of a different, negative and positive, image of Russia and the psychological portrait corresponding to this image. The study involved 70 people, including 27 boys and 43 girls, all students of prestigious schools in Yekaterinburg. An analysis of the relationship between the variables Negative Image of Russia and Desire to Emigrate with the variables that form the psychological portrait of a person showed an obvious difference between these portraits. It was revealed that the desire to emigrate is determined by the negative image of Russia that exists in the mind of a high school student, which is a causal factor that forms the personality traits of a potential emigrant.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136363571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Brain Functional Network Topology in High and Low Working Memory Performance","authors":"Ilia M. Ernston, Timofei V. Adamovich","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2023.4.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2023.4.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays the network approach in neuroscience provides a promising way of analyzing neurophysiological mechanisms that underlie psychological functions and is widely used to study working memory. To date, data obtained in neuroimaging studies links working memory with topological features of brain networks, such as increased connectivity between frontal, parietal, and temporal regions, as well as increased integration in brain networks as a whole. The present study examines the relationship between the topological characteristics of functional brain networks with the performance in the Sternberg item recognition paradigm based on electroencephalographic data. It is shown that the higher performance in Sternberg paradigm, implying a higher efficiency of the processes of encoding, storage, and retrieval of information from working memory, is associated with an increase in the integration of functional networks, expressed in differences in the clustering coefficient, participation coefficient, Wiener index and eigenvector centrality between the groups of high and low working memory task performance (p < .01). In addition, our data suggest the variability in the topological pattern of connectivity, which can be traced through changes in the magnitude of the standard deviation of the values of topological metrics during the task.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136363573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of Characteristics of Mental Images of Movements in Martial Artists","authors":"Irina S. Polikanova, Sergey V. Leonov, Alexey V. Isaev","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2023.4.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2023.4.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the specificity of mental images of martial artists when presenting certain actions (hip throw, miller, dive, transfer, leg pass) using a modified questionnaire to identify the features of mental images. 19 subjects (age 22 ± 3.6 years, male) participated in the study, nine of whom were wrestlers The subjects presented the above techniques in their performance several times. The following were analyzed: foreshortening, type of landmarks in the control of the presented movement, and chronometric characteristics of mental images. The results showed that experienced athletes were characterized, as a rule, by a stable foreshortening — predominantly from the 1st person. Fewer experienced athletes had a dominant 3rd-person perspective. There were pauses in the chronometric indices of experienced athletes in order to work through certain moments. In novice athletes, the rate of presentation of skills almost always corresponded to the real one. Muscle sensations dominated when describing skills in experienced martial artists. The beginners were dominated by visual characteristics, external forms.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136363710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychological and Psychophysiological Studies in Logopsychotherapy: In Memory of J.M. Glozman","authors":"Natalia L. Karpova, Elena I. Nikolaeva, Alexander V. Dobrin, Yulia B. Poprik","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2023.4.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2023.4.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to research in logopsychotherapy related to J.M. Glozman. Logoneurosis is a disease that affects 1–2.5 % of the population according to various sources, which is why effective methods of rehabilitation are so important. One of the effective methods is group logopsychotherapy, a technique developed for adults and adolescents by Yu.B. Nekrasova in the 1960s and subsequently monogamously improved. A special stage in scientific research in the system of family group speech therapy began with the arrival of J.M. Glozman. In the groups of family logopsychotherapy, A.A. Kiselnikov conducted a systematic inter- and multidisciplinary study of the brain mechanisms of stuttering under the guidance of J.M. Glozman and V.A. Vartanov in 2004–2006, showing the determinacy of this speech disorder by many psychological variables. It has been shown that the disintegration of left-right hemisphere interactions in the realization of mental activity can be one of the mechanisms of stuttering. It was revealed that stuttering is not an isolated (purely peripheral) speech disorder, but occurs in a syndrome of specific mnestic, neurodynamic and motor defects reflecting dysfunction of the posterior and median structures of the brain (functional blocks I and III, according to A.R. Luria (1973)), and the symptoms of dysfunction decrease during complex speech therapy. In the course of 2015–2020 studies supported by the RGNF and RFBR, which were conducted with groups of stuttering people, as well as at the Neurocorrection Center with children with learning difficulties (Glozman, Karpova, Cheburashkin-Antipov, 2018b), it was also shown that inadequate methods of psychological protection in case of violations or lack of communication skills may be associated with defects the image of verbal communication. It has been shown that the appearance of stuttering is facilitated if the child has the phenomenon of crosslaterality. Psychophysiological studies have also shown the role of functional asymmetry of the brain in the formation of the disease, and the effectiveness of logopsychotherapy for the correction of logoneurosis has also been confirmed.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136363713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To the Question of Why to Teach “to a Psychologist”","authors":"Alexander M. Bodnar, Elvira L. Bodnar","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2023.4.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2023.4.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The situation in the field of education is catastrophic. But the School has its own forces and means to minimize the damage caused by the permanent reform of education. Universities still have academic freedom and can choose the path of the educational process. The main thing is to form students’ conceptual thinking, without which educational activity becomes a fiction.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EmoEye: Eye-Tracking and Biometrics Database for Emotion Recognition","authors":"Ekaterina O. Ivanina, Anna D. Tokmovtseva, Elizaveta V. Akelieva","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2023.4.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2023.4.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Emotion recognition using Machine Learning algorithms is often used both in science and commerce. Responding to the demand for deep learning techniques of automatic emotion detection using biological signals and our own business needs as a neuromarketing laboratory, we created a large dataset of eye tracking and biometrics data suitable for emotion recognition tasks. The EmoEye database sample consisted of 200 people (147 women, 49 men, 4 non-binary individuals; 27.46 ± 11.45 years old). Each respondent was asked to view 316 images from the Open Affective Standardized Image Set (OASIS) and rate them on arousal and valence scales from the Self-Assessment Manikin questionnaire. Eye tracking, galvanic skin response (GSR), and photoplethysmogram were recorded throughout the experiment. Demographic data was also collected for each respondent. The image ratings on the valence scale did not differ statistically from the standard ratings of the corresponding images for the original stimulus base. The overall distribution trends of ratings on both scales for different categories of images were similar for standard ratings and ratings obtained from our respondents. As a result of this study, a corpus of GSR, heart rate variability and eye movement reactions data (fixation coordinates; fixation duration; average pupil size for the right and left eye) was compiled and successfully trained on a multimodal neural network algorithm within our laboratory and is ready for further implementation.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typology of Primary School Children with Identified Developmental Disability and Learning Difficulties","authors":"Yulia A. Tokareva, Svetlana V. Volik","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2023.4.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2023.4.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"At the present stage of the development of the system of psychological and pedagogical support for the subjects of the educational process, the goal of timely diagnosis and identification children with developmental problems that are the reason for the lack of the necessary psychological basis to master the educational program becomes the most urgent. According to research over the past 10 years, the number of primary school pupils who fail to cope with the program with preserved intelligence is steadily growing. The study aimed at identifying the psychological characteristics of children with developmental disabilities having learning problems involved 230 pupils of junior high school in the Sverdlovsk region, 111 of them girls (48 %) and 119 boys (52 %). The main diagnostic method was the Toulouse-Pieron test, universal for psychophysiological assessment. The most expressed signs of the minimal brain dysfunction are deficiencies in the formation of memory, thinking, voluntary attention, increased mental fatigue, distractibility, motor uncontrollability, weakness of self-regulation. As a result of the study hypotheses were confirmed that in children with the minimal brain dysfunctions, depending on the severity of the type, there are features of the development of the higher mental functions and the nature of behavior in the learning process that require special techniques for monitoring and evaluating pupils’ knowledge.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Prenatal Maternity Anxiety and Stress on the Development of Children’s Brain and Psychopathologies","authors":"Margarita A. Bogdanova, Tatiana R. Tomenko","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2023.4.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2023.4.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Prenatal maternal stress is widespread and is a predictor of many childhood psychopathologies. This article presents an analysis of scientific publications devoted to the study of the ontogenetic effect of prenatal maternal stress on child brain maturation. A systematic review was conducted of available direct measures of brain development under stress, including structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted MRI. Directions for future research in this topic are also proposed.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135097075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Grounds for Spreading Criminal Subculture Among Schoolchildren Brought to Criminal Responsibility","authors":"Alexander M. Ryabkov, Yulia A. Tokareva","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2022.3.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2022.3.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Criminal subculture goes far beyond the prison system, involving new socio-cultural spaces, exerting an increasing influence on the younger generation. Traditionally, penitentiary institutions, including those for minors, are considered to be the source of the spread of the criminal subculture elements. However, its distribution channels are transformed over time. The aim of the study was to clarify the psychological reasons for the spread of criminal subculture among schoolchildren who have committed criminal offenses. The study involved students of the Federal State Educational Institution Secondary School No. 2 of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Sverdlovsk Region and the Federal State Educational Institution Secondary School of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Tyumen Region, a total of 165 teenagers. There are also 52 students of secondary schools in Sverdlovsk and Tyumen regions who are registered with the criminal executive inspectorate. As a result of the conducted research, two groups of psychological grounds were identified: external and internal. A group of external factors is associated with the influence of the Internet space, the public environment, creating a strong and domineering image, as well as family and loved ones belonging to the criminal sphere. A group of internal factors related to psychological grounds includes: the need for communication, the value of belonging, the ability to receive vivid emotions, feelings of control and subordination. It is established that a significant part of juvenile offenders is not driven by romanticizing prison life. They committed their crimes without ideological convictions, at the same time sharing criminal norms and values.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"336 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135837619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific Report: Features of the Neuropsychologist Remote Work","authors":"Mariya V. Zinnatova","doi":"10.15826/lurian.2022.3.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/lurian.2022.3.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a scientific report Features of the Neuropsychologist Remote Work, which was delivered on November 17, 2022 at the round-table discussion Neuropsychology’s Responses to the Challenges of Digital Transformation organized by the Lurian Journal staff within the framework of the International Congress L. S. Vygotsky and A. R. Luria: Cultural-Historical Psychology and Issues of Digitalization of Social Practices (Novosibirsk). It was dedicated to the memory of Doctor of Psychology, Professor Janna Markovna Glozman.","PeriodicalId":485006,"journal":{"name":"Lurian journal","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135837620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}