World Development最新文献_第2页

Marx meets Weber: The dissolution of communes and the rise of religious public goods in China 马克思与韦伯：中国公社的解体与宗教公共品的兴起

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107071

Shukang Xiao , Pinghan Liang

引用次数: 0

Violent conflicts and learning outcomes: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa 暴力冲突与学习成果：来自撒哈拉以南非洲的证据

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107054

Mhamed Ben Salah , Kritika Saxena

{"title":"Violent conflicts and learning outcomes: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Mhamed Ben Salah , Kritika Saxena","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assesses the impact of violent conflicts on learning outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa using data on standardized test scores and conflict events from ten countries. Our findings demonstrate that exposure to violent conflict events experienced since birth significantly reduces pupils’ proficiency in reading and mathematics. The timing of exposure and the nature of conflict events influence the extent of these effects. Violent conflicts, particularly those causing higher casualties and infrastructure destruction, experienced during early childhood prior to primary school entrance, and to a lesser extent during schooling, significantly hamper learning. These adverse effects remain consistent across pupils’ socio-economic backgrounds, indicating that conflicts do not exacerbate existing disparities in learning outcomes. Moreover, conflicts affect female enrollment, though their precise impact on the gender gap in learning outcomes is less clear. Our analysis reveals that damaged school infrastructure and territorial development serve as primary conduits through which conflicts disrupt learning. This research sheds light on the multifaceted impact of violent conflicts on education and highlights the need to address both immediate and long-term consequences for human capital development in conflict-affected regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 107054"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Verdant vitality: forests benefit child health in China 青翠生机：森林造福中国儿童健康

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107072

Shang Xu , Yue Wang , Hongliang Zhang

引用次数: 0

Unequal contributions to CO2 emissions along the income distribution within and between countries 国家内部和国家之间的收入分配对二氧化碳排放的贡献不平等

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107070

Federica Cappelli

{"title":"Unequal contributions to CO2 emissions along the income distribution within and between countries","authors":"Federica Cappelli","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The question of whether changes in income inequality affect CO<sub>2</sub> emissions remains a topic of debate at both theoretical and empirical levels. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of changes in the full spectrum of income distribution on consumption-based CO<sub>2</sub> emissions per capita. To do so, we estimate a dynamic difference-GMM model and a dynamic threshold regression model allowing for endogeneity on a panel database covering 107 countries between 1990 and 2019. Our analysis shows that different income groups contribute very differently to consumption-based CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. In addition, by accounting for between-country inequalities in the average income of each income group, we uncover non-linearities in the impact on carbon emissions. More specifically, the impact of an increase in the income share of the top 10% on per capita consumption-based carbon emissions varies according to their average income level: it is non-statistically significant at lower income levels and turns positive as their income rises. The contribution of the middle 40% is negative at all income levels, while the CO<sub>2</sub> contribution of the poorest segments is negligible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107070"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Solar power play: Uncovering political capture in distributing electricity access 太阳能游戏：揭露电力分配中的政治捕获

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107019

Rafia Zaman , Stefan Borsky

引用次数: 0

Estimating the spillover economic effects of foreign conflict shocks: Evidence from Boko Haram 估计外国冲突冲击的溢出经济效应：来自博科圣地的证据

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107016

Remi Jedwab , Brian Blankespoor , Takaaki Masaki , Carlos Rodríguez-Castelán

{"title":"Estimating the spillover economic effects of foreign conflict shocks: Evidence from Boko Haram","authors":"Remi Jedwab , Brian Blankespoor , Takaaki Masaki , Carlos Rodríguez-Castelán","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>What are the spillover effects of <em>foreign</em> conflicts on regional economies, and what local factors can help mitigate the impact of such economic shocks? Adopting a difference-in-difference framework leveraging the breakout of the Boko Haram insurgency in Northeastern Nigeria in 2009, we study its effects in <em>neighboring</em> areas in Cameroon, Chad and Niger that were <em>not</em> directly targeted by Boko Haram activities until the mid 2010s. We find strong negative effects on regional economic activities – proxied by reductions in nighttime lights – particularly amongst areas within 200 km from the Boko Haram area. This negative impact is concentrated in urban areas, as trade was impacted and economic uncertainty rose. The rise of Boko Haram also resulted in more agricultural burning. Foreign conflict shocks can thus accentuate pressure on domestic resources. Focusing on the heterogeneity of the impacts, we find smaller resilience effects in those areas with a worse geography, less agricultural development, more limited infrastructure, and weaker markets and institutions. Overall, these findings suggest that conflicts may have larger spillover effects in geographically challenging and/or economically poorer regions, as is the case in various regions of Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Catalyzing digital and environmental transformations by institutions in a diverse socio-economic world 在多样化的社会经济世界中，促进各机构的数字和环境转型

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107052

Ramona Ţigănaşu , Alexandru Bănică , Pui-Hang Wong

{"title":"Catalyzing digital and environmental transformations by institutions in a diverse socio-economic world","authors":"Ramona Ţigănaşu , Alexandru Bănică , Pui-Hang Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a world that urgently needs to tackle the environmental crisis, many policymakers claimed that digitalization and smart technologies have the potential to catalyze green evolution. Given that there is little discussion on the readiness of a country to unlock the opportunity of green transformation via digitalization, we propose to put into question how this aspect is reflected within a sample of heterogeneous nations. The study seeks to spot the preconditions of this widespread concern related to digital and environmental advancements and to explore how institutional and economic features moderate them. To test if, on a broad scale, the dynamics of digital and environmental facets are robustly anchored in the institutional architecture of different categories of states and if, at the global level, their effects and divides evolve under the direct influence of socio-economic circumstances, we constructed a large macro panel data (1996–2021) on over 160 countries, integrating various statistics. Results from our econometric models suggest that the investigated countries are in diverse stages of digital and environmental transitions, with strong asymmetries as regards the Internet access, greenhouse gas emissions per capita, black carbon emissions, recycling, and state capacity. The findings also illustrate that the development is rather tied to digitalization and the human capital is a prerequisite of digitalization. However, a strong state capacity is required to implement relevant policies to expedite digitalization and green transformations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107052"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance measurability, local government’s incentives, and regional air pollution reduction 绩效可衡量性、地方政府激励和区域空气污染减少

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107056

Jianfu Shen , Daoju Peng , Eddie C.M. Hui , Kwok Yuen Fan

引用次数: 0

Contentious cities? Urban growth and electoral violence in Africa 有争议的城市吗?非洲的城市增长和选举暴力

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107066

Emma Elfversson

{"title":"Contentious cities? Urban growth and electoral violence in Africa","authors":"Emma Elfversson","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How does rapid urban growth affect the risk of electoral violence in African cities? Across the continent, societies have been undergoing simultaneous processes that may affect the risk of violent upheaval: democratic change and urbanization. However, although electoral violence often disproportionally affects cities, we do not know if and how the process of urban growth in itself impacts such violence. Existing research highlights that urbanization holds a strong potential for progress and democracy-enhancement, but also for destructive and violence-inducing dynamics. Drawing on collective action theory, I develop a theoretical argument about the relationship between urban growth and the mobilization of electoral violence. I hypothesize that rapid city growth conditions elites’ strategic incentives to employ electoral violence, and may increase the risk of such violence through two mechanisms: by increasing uncertainty about local election outcomes, and by making it easier for politicians to mobilize violence based on grievances among urban groups. I assess these expectations by using georeferenced data on electoral violence, covering democratic elections in Africa (1990–2012), and matching it with data on the urban growth pace of all cities with at least 50,000 inhabitants. This approach avoids the pitfalls of focusing only on major cities, and enables an analysis of both cross- and within state dynamics. Using this approach, I identify a robust correlation between the pace of urban population growth and the risk of electoral violence in the city. Extended analysis indicates that urban growth is associated with a higher risk of election violence in larger, more established cities (including both major and secondary cities), but not in smaller, emerging cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107066"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Women’s labour force participation in developing countries: The impact of gendered landownership rights 发展中国家妇女的劳动力参与：性别土地所有权的影响

IF 5.4 1区经济学

World Development Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107045

Ece Kocabıçak , Yasemin Dildar

{"title":"Women’s labour force participation in developing countries: The impact of gendered landownership rights","authors":"Ece Kocabıçak , Yasemin Dildar","doi":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper challenges widely accepted assumptions regarding gendered patterns of labour: firstly, that capitalist development pulls women into non-agricultural employment and secondly, that women’s unpaid labour largely comprises the production of non-market goods and services within the home. Conventional demand and supply arguments on gender gaps in non-agricultural employment overlook the significance of patriarchal labour relations and the influence of women’s unpaid farm work on their participation in paid employment. Here we use cross-country panel data analysis and a case study from India with a difference-in-differences model to demonstrate that legal discrimination against women in land inheritance curtails female participation in non-agricultural paid employment. This occurs through several mechanisms, by: (1) keeping women in agriculture as unpaid family workers, (2) restricting women’s access to education, and (3) exacerbating the trend of rural women’s marriage migration. The paper thereby contributes an explanation for the apparent paradox observed in developing countries where persistent gender gaps in non-agricultural paid employment coexist with economic growth. It also suggests that tackling barriers to female labour participation by using policies which focus solely on the provision of childcare in urban areas is insufficient; rather, an exit package offering occupational training, guaranteed employment and housing is required to support women’s transition out of unpaid agricultural labour. <span><span>The video abstract can be viewed here</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48463,"journal":{"name":"World Development","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107045"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0