Journal of Marriage and Family最新文献

{"title":"Growing together, knowing together: Dynamics of interracial parenting of mixed-race children","authors":"Marguerite Lengyell,&nbsp;Nic M. Weststrate","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The purpose of this study was to understand how interracial couples collaboratively describe and make meaning of co-parenting their mixed-race children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parenting for interracial couples has become more complex as matters related to race have been pushed to the forefront of public discourse. Existing research often focuses on individual parents' retrospective accounts of co-parenting mixed-race children, with findings that vary depending on the parent's racial identity and gender. Notably these studies have predominately centered on the experiences of mothers, leaving a gap in understanding the perspectives of fathers and the dynamics between both parents in co-parenting relationships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six interracial couples in Toronto, Canada, about co-parenting school-aged (6–12 years) mixed-race children. The couples, aged 38–49, were in long-term relationships (15+ years), married or in common-law unions, and identified as middle class. Data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results showed that meanings ascribed to co-parenting experiences varied across three relationship phases: courtship and early stages of the interracial relationship; becoming parents and early parenting experiences; and co-parenting school-aged mixed-race children. Interactions revealed that navigating the journey of co-parenting mixed-race children involved an intricate process of mutual growth for couples. Each stage of the relationship catalyzed deeper understandings and fostered resilient familial bonds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight the unique dynamics of interracial co-parenting, underscoring the pivotal role of shared learning in shaping familial dynamics ultimately contributing to more inclusive narratives around family and parenting in diverse societies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 4","pages":"1454-1481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.13084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive housework and Parents' relationship satisfaction","authors":"Richard J. Petts,&nbsp;Daniel L. Carlson,&nbsp;Jaclyn S. Wong","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the association between the division of cognitive housework and parents' relationship satisfaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Equity theory suggests that factors which either objectively (i.e., equal sharing) or subjectively (i.e., feeling appreciated) enhance partners' feelings of mutual benefit lead to greater relationship satisfaction. From an equity perspective, cognitive labor may be especially consequential for relationship satisfaction not only because it is boundless, burdensome work but also because it is invisible and often unappreciated. Drawing on equity theory, we argue that relationship satisfaction is highest when cognitive labor is equally shared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We use cross-sectional data on different-gender partnered US parents from Wave 5 of the Study on US Parents' Divisions of Labor During COVID-19 (SPDLC) and OLS regression to estimate associations between the division of cognitive housework and relationship satisfaction separately for mothers and fathers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Equal divisions of cognitive housework are associated with the highest levels of relationship satisfaction for both mothers and fathers. This association is consistent across various measures and dimensions of cognitive housework, with few exceptions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Relationship satisfaction is highest when partners equally share cognitive housework, as sharing this labor may reduce burdens on one parent as well as increase the visibility and value of this often hidden form of domestic labor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 4","pages":"1767-1782"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent–teen dyadic experiences of racism: Implications for Black familial racial socialization","authors":"Shawn C. T. Jones,&nbsp;Sharde McNeil Smith,&nbsp;Naya Sutton,&nbsp;Lesley Blair Winchester,&nbsp;Broquelynn Shepard","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using a linked lives perspective, the current study sought to understand how patterns of racism experiences within Black parent–teen dyads affected the frequency and competency of racial socialization transmission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Racism in America has been pervasive, impacting Black families from cradle to grave. Acts of anti-Black racism influence the ways in which parents communicate about race to their children (i.e., racial socialization); however, research has not explored whether the linkages of racism experiences between parent and child are also influential for this process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected from Black parent–child dyads (<i>N</i> = 201) through Qualtrics Panel Management. Parents and youth each completed surveys about racial/ethnic identity, race-related stress, and racial socialization practices. A three-step latent profile analysis was conducted using MPlus software.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four distinguishable dyadic racism subgroups were identified: <i>Low Parent–Teen Racism</i>, <i>Moderate Parent–Teen Racism</i>, <i>Moderate–High Parent</i>, <i>Low Teen Racism</i>, and <i>High Parent–Teen Racism</i>. More racial socialization messages were transmitted in dyads with parents and teens reporting moderate to high levels of racism compared to dyads where teens reported low levels of racism. There were variations in parents' competency in delivering racial socialization messages across the four subgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The consequences of racism may be underestimated by focusing on individual experiences and not accounting for the linked lives of Black parents and their adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 3","pages":"990-1008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.13060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The stickiness of unequal housework sharing: Limited effects of couples' ideological pairings","authors":"Natalie Nitsche,&nbsp;Daniela Grunow,&nbsp;Ansgar Hudde","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study aimed to investigate how couples' ideological pairings, defined as partners' joint attitudes toward gendered housework responsibilities, influence their division of housework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drawing from gender structure theory and integrating sociological concepts of doing and undoing gender with economic resource theories, this study tested an interactional couple-level mechanism to predict changes in housework sharing. It was hypothesized that partners' ideological pairings would predict variation in housework sharing and moderate the relationship between changes in partners' relative economic resources and housework sharing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample of 3045 couples (followed for 11,674 couple years) was derived from the German Panel Study of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics. Growth curve models and fixed-effects panel regression were used to estimate housework-sharing trajectories based on couples' ideological pairings and to assess whether these pairings moderated the impact of changes in partners' relative earnings on housework sharing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Couples with joint egalitarian attitudes shared housework most equally, whereas those with joint traditional attitudes shared it most unequally. Couples with mismatched attitudes fell in between. Only joint egalitarian couples adjusted their housework sharing following significant changes in the partners' relative earnings, although the effect sizes were small.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ideological pairings are instrumental in understanding the gendered division of housework and moderate how couples adjust to relative earnings changes. However, gender inequality in housework sharing remains relatively persistent within current gender structures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 3","pages":"1224-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.13075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partners' health and silver splits in Europe: A gendered pattern?","authors":"Daniele Vignoli,&nbsp;Giammarco Alderotti,&nbsp;Cecilia Tomassini","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Building on the Theory of Dyadic Illness Management, this paper addresses the correlates of silver splits—voluntary union dissolutions after age 50—among mixed-gender couples in Europe focusing on the role of partners' health status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Family diversity at older ages is growing in wealthy countries, with late union dissolutions increasingly occurring through separation and divorce rather than widowhood. Nonetheless, the correlates of silver splits in Europe, particularly regarding health within couples, remain underexplored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We utilized data from the European Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement (SHARE), spanning Waves 1 (2004–2005) to 9 (2021–2022), and employed discrete-time event-history analysis to model the risk of silver splits, separately among couples aged 50–64 and 65+ (<i>N</i> = 31,915 and 48,361 couple-years, respectively). We inspected three health dimensions: self-rated health, Global Activity Limitations Index, depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found a non-negligible and gendered association between health and union dissolution among couples aged 50–64. Couples in which the woman reported poor self-rated health or faced severe activity limitations, whereas the man maintained good health, exhibited a higher risk of silver splits compared to couples in good health. Conversely, the risk of silver splits did not change significantly when the man experienced poor self-rated health or activity limitations compared to couples in good health. Results among older couples suggested that the health/silver split link weakens with age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gendered health-related selection effects appear among older European couples, as men struggle more than women with a partner's declining health, potentially jeopardizing the couple's stability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 4","pages":"1639-1663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.13077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women who initiate divorce embrace autonomy","authors":"Ephrat Almog,&nbsp;Anat Herbst-Debby","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the coping mechanisms and resilience of women who initiate divorce, with a focus on their development of autonomy post-divorce.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Life after divorce is viewed as a transition period with new opportunities. This is particularly pertinent in Israel, a familistic, traditional society where family and marriage are centrally controlled by religious institutions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative methodology involved semi-structured in-depth interviews with 38 Israeli-Jewish mothers (ages 25–70) who initiated divorce. Data analysis included identifying central motifs, creating a category tree, and using the Narrlarizer software to organize data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women described their challenging roles re-independence and control within their families, with their narratives highlighting their shift towards becoming family leaders and perceiving themselves as experiencing greater autonomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women who initiate divorce act against societal norms, breaking through marital barriers to gain autonomy and control over their lives. This aligns with authentic behavior, emphasizing their strength and the reclamation of personal agency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our research provides a nuanced perspective on women initiating divorce, recognizing their liberation from patriarchal norms and gains despite diverse struggles. It underscores opportunities for reshaping women's societal roles and self-identity, presenting divorce initiation as an act of autonomy and resistance to gender oppression, and enriching discussions on women's experiences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 4","pages":"1664-1685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.13080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upward transfer in Southeast China and Taiwan: Longitudinal trends of a family ritual","authors":"Ming-Chang Tsai,&nbsp;Chin-Han Chan","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the evolving patterns of intergenerational financial support in China and Taiwan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The paradoxical divergence (PD) perspective suggests that family behaviors in China resemble those of Western countries, while Taiwanese families exhibit more traditional practices despite their higher societal income. Conversely, the developmental idealism (DI) perspective anticipates a convergence over time as modern family beliefs become more widespread. The evolving dynamics of financial support defy both PD and DI expectations, suggesting sustained prevalence of giving to parents as a family ritual.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study employs a hybrid panel model to examine intergenerational financial support using longitudinal data from Southeast China and Taiwan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis reveals a shift toward Taiwanese-like patterns in the frequency and amount of financial assistance given to parents in China. Rising personal income, a significant fixed effect, prompts sons and daughters in China to provide more frequent and substantial financial support to their parents. In Taiwan, despite diminishing trends over time, gender disparities in upward transfers persist.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study highlights that the modernization of intergenerational transfers in Chinese families is moderate. The family ritual perspective provides a more nuanced understanding of the trends and patterns of intergenerational transfer in China and Taiwan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 4","pages":"1686-1707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to comforting: Couples' attachment and emotional reactivity in a German sample","authors":"Yan Li,&nbsp;Ute Kunzmann,&nbsp;Martina Schulz,&nbsp;Philipp Kanske,&nbsp;Margund K. Rohr","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines how attachment orientations are associated with emotional reactivity (i.e., emotional experience and expression) during couples' comforting conversations, as well as age-related differences in these associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effective emotional support during times of need is essential for maintaining intimate relationships. While it is well documented that attachment anxiety and avoidance significantly challenge partners' comforting interactions, research on how these attachment styles affect partners' emotional reactivity in comforting situations remains lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study recruited 37 younger (<i>M</i>_age = 24.33) and 41 older couples (<i>M</i>_age = 70.27) in Germany. Couples first separated to relive a recent personal negative event (i.e., the comfort seeker) or a non-emotional event (i.e., the comforters), and then reunited for a comforting conversation about the negative event, with subsequent assessments of their subjective emotional experience, facial, and verbal expressions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings indicated that comfort seekers' anxiety was associated with more difficulties in their own emotional recovery and a greater decrease in their partner's positive emotions after comforting conversations. Moreover, comforters' avoidance was associated with their partner's reduced positive facial expression. Notably, significant age-related differences were identified, with younger couples showing stronger associations between attachment styles and negative verbal expression compared to older couples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study highlights how attachment styles are associated with emotional reactivity in couples' comforting situations, emphasizing the need for tailored therapeutic interventions to improve emotional recovery and positive emotional expression, especially in younger couples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 4","pages":"1708-1726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.13079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of welfare reform on maternal engagement and involvement with young adolescents","authors":"Hope Corman,&nbsp;Dhaval M. Dave,&nbsp;Ariel Kalil,&nbsp;Ofira Schwartz-Soicher,&nbsp;Nancy E. Reichman","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the effects of welfare reform in the U.S. on positive parenting-related outcomes and potential pathways.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 1996 welfare reform legislation sharply restricted eligibility for benefits with a strong emphasis on employment over cash assistance. The legislation led to dramatic declines in welfare caseloads and increases in employment. Much less is known about the effects of welfare reform on dynamics within families that affect children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data on low-educated unmarried mothers in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 linked to information on their 10- to 14-year-old children, we exploit variations in welfare reform implementation across states, over time, and between treatment and comparison groups to identify plausibly causal effects of the legislation on children's reports of activities with parents and closeness of the maternal-child relationship. The analytic sample includes 3,172–3,737 observations for boys and 3,089–3,619 for girls, depending on outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We find modestly negative effects of welfare reform on children's reports of activities with parents and closeness of the maternal-child relationship, with stronger effects for boys than girls. We find no evidence that the effects operated through employment. However, we found suggestive evidence that decreases in income play a role.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Welfare reform compromised maternal involvement and engagement with adolescents, particularly boys, which could adversely affect their development and long-run success.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 3","pages":"1130-1152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes toward same-sex couple parents: A decade of change","authors":"Wendy D. Manning,&nbsp;Kristen E. Gustafson","doi":"10.1111/jomf.13065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.13065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our goal is to track changes in attitudes about same-sex parents in the United States across a 10-year time span between 2012 and 2022.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During this period, there have been transformations in the legal rights of same-sex couples to marry and increased support for same-sex marriage; however, recent increase in hostile state-level policies regarding same-sex couples often center on issues about children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Drawing on data from the 2012 and 2022 General Social Survey (https://gss.norc.org/), we examine changes in attitudes regarding same-sex parents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We find significant increases in support for same-sex parents, and this differential persists once accounting for sex, race/ethnicity, education, family background, age, parenthood status, religiosity, political beliefs, urbanicity and region of residence. Although increases in support occurred for all groups, most of the covariates were related to attitudes about same-sex parents in a similar manner in 2012 as 2022.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest growth in support for both male and female same-sex parents. New research on how changes in support for same-sex couples and families are linked to specific policies changes is warranted. Underlying value orientations (politics and religiosity) appear to still drive differentials in public opinion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This new level of support for same-sex parents may have implications for the enactment of new policies at the local, state and national level that ensure same-sex parent families receive protections from discrimination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"87 3","pages":"1321-1337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.13065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}