Journal of Marriage and Family最新文献

{"title":"Early Labor Market Outcomes of Young Adults From Same-Sex Families: Evidence From Population Data","authors":"Silvia Palmaccio,&nbsp;Deni Mazrekaj,&nbsp;Kristof De Witte","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study offers the first population-based evidence on how young adults from same-sex families fare when entering the labor market shortly after leaving full-time education.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Same-sex couples' parenting rights remain controversial in many countries. Although most studies suggest that children from same-sex families perform at least as well as children from different-sex families in childhood or adolescence, data limitations have prevented investigation of how children from same-sex families perform in adulthood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using Dutch longitudinal tax registers, we observe 381,131 young adults who are no longer in education at age 25, of which 760 are from same-sex families. We use linear regression models to compare young adults from same-sex and different-sex families on a range of early labor market outcomes (annual earnings, hourly earnings, employment, full-time employment).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young adults who lived in a same-sex family earn just as much, are equally employed, and have equal probability of being full-time employed as young adults from different-sex families. Moreover, especially young adults raised by same-sex parents from birth more often choose industries dominated by the opposite sex. Nonetheless, such choices are not reflected in earnings differentials.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that children of same-sex parents do well on the labor market, and are less inclined to follow traditional gender norms when choosing occupations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"88 5","pages":"1266-1283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Sibling Death in Midlife on Tension Among Surviving Siblings","authors":"J. Jill Suitor,&nbsp;Robert T. Frase,&nbsp;Megan Gilligan,&nbsp;Ranran He,&nbsp;Destiny Ogle,&nbsp;Di Wang","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates changes in sibling tension following the deaths of sibship members in midlife, as well as the processes underlying these changes, particularly as they vary by the gender of the deceased sibling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Relationships with siblings are among adults' most enduring ties across the life course, serving as important sources of support and shaping well-being. Despite the salience of these ties, there has been little attention to the ways in which the deaths of adult siblings shape the quality of relationships among surviving sibship members.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 505 adult siblings nested within 261 families at two points approximately a decade apart. Multilevel modeling was used to test the association between sibling death and changes in sibling tension. Qualitative analyses were based on interviews at both time points with 62 respondents who lost a sibling between waves, their mothers, and in some cases, the deceased siblings in the wave prior to their deaths.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Multilevel models showed that brothers' deaths were associated with decreases in sibling tension, whereas there were no changes following sisters' deaths. Qualitative analyses revealed that deceased brothers were typically described as having been sources of conflict and disappointment, fostering tension in sibling relationships. Conversely, deceased sisters were typically described as supportive, rather than conflictual, but faced challenges in their lives which elicited concern, rather than derision.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings underscore how the deaths of brothers and sisters differentially shape changes in the quality of adults' relationships with their siblings following the loss of a member of the sibship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"88 5","pages":"1411-1425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Genetics Shape Mental Health Trajectories Around Partnership Transitions?","authors":"Philipp Dierker,&nbsp;Maria Gueltzow,&nbsp;Hannu Lahtinen,&nbsp;Mine Kühn,&nbsp;Pekka Martikainen,&nbsp;Mikko Myrskylä","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study focuses on the extent to which genetic risk for mental disorders contributes to observed mental health problems before and after partnership transitions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Partnership formation and dissolution are linked to short-term changes in mental health, with outcomes varying by gender, socioeconomic position, and other social factors. Yet little is known about whether genetic predispositions shape these responses, despite evidence that depression is partly heritable and theories predicting stronger effects for genetically vulnerable individuals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using Finnish population-based survey and register data for 15,263 genotyped individuals, this study examines whether antidepressant (AD) purchasing trajectories before and after union formation (<i>N</i> = 7888) and dissolution (<i>N</i> = 7375) differ by genetic propensity for depression. Individual fixed-effects models estimate changes in AD use over 11 years and test moderation by a polygenic index (PGI) for depression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with higher polygenic propensity for depression exhibited sharper increases in antidepressant purchasing in years preceding union dissolution, marking the potentially most conflictual relationship period. This is consistent with greater vulnerability in the period preceding union dissolution. Contrarily, only women showed a short-term increase in antidepressant use following union formation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings highlight the importance of the anticipatory period before separation as a window of heightened vulnerability shaped by genetic predispositions, while showing little evidence that genetic predisposition moderates responses to both partnership transitions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"88 5","pages":"1201-1216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.70088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Division of Housework, Sexual Intimacy, and Relationship Quality in Different-Sex and Same-Sex Couples","authors":"Molly G. Smith,&nbsp;Thomas N. Bradbury,&nbsp;Benjamin R. Karney","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study compares associations between division of housework and relationship outcomes across members of different-sex and same-sex couples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Different-sex couples tend to report lower relationship quality when housework is divided in unequal and gendered ways. Because most research has focused on different-sex couples, it remains unclear whether these associations stem from general fairness principles or a disruption of gender roles. These explanations can be disentangled by comparing associations in different-sex and same-sex couples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These analyses use survey and time diary data from men and women in same-sex or different-sex couples (<i>N</i> = 3455) from the <i>National Couples' Health and Time Use Study</i>. Regression with moderation by couple type examined associations between division of housework (both subjective satisfaction and more objective diary measures) and relationship and sexual satisfaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Across all couple types, partners who were more satisfied with the division of housework reported greater relationship and sexual satisfaction. For relationship satisfaction, associations were stronger for members of different-sex couples than for same-sex couples. For both outcomes, results were stronger for subjective self-reports than for time diary data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The implications of household labor arrangements are not only a matter of fairness, but are also shaped by broader gendered structures, a pattern only made visible through attention to diverse couples. Stronger effects obtained with subjective compared to time diary measures further indicate that interpretations of housework, rather than objective time alone, are central to understanding links with relationship quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"88 5","pages":"1453-1463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing the Future of Families Third Generation (FFG3) Study","authors":"Julien O. Teitler,&nbsp;Kathryn M. Neckerman,&nbsp;Ryan B. Fuenmayor,&nbsp;Ana Gonzalez,&nbsp;Nancy E. Reichman","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jomf.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the research design and sample of the Future of Families Third Generation (FFG3) study, which is collecting data on the third generation of the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing (FF) study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research on the intergenerational transmission of health and socioeconomic status (SES) has been limited by a paucity of prospective multigenerational studies with infant health in two generations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The FFG3 study is enrolling children of the original 1998–2000 FF birth cohort, who are now young adults (second generation, G2), and collecting perinatal data and biological samples. We provide background, describe the research design and sample, and present data on 349 G2 mothers who had children by age 26 and 558 of their G3 children. We compare characteristics of this recent cohort to those of the previous generation of early childbearing mothers (G1) and their G2 children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The recent cohort of mothers and their children born ~25 years after the original study began is much more disadvantaged than the original cohort. Physical and mental health of G2 mothers was worse than that of the G1s, as was the health of their infants. The proportion of marital births has not changed appreciably across generations (11% in FFG3, 12% in FF), but a much higher proportion of G2 mothers reported that the other parent was unknown (15% vs. 1%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The FFG3 study will facilitate novel and important analyses of intergenerational transmission of health and SES.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"88 5","pages":"1426-1437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Complex Dynamic Between Sexual Concurrency and Pregnancy Desire","authors":"Lauren Newmyer,&nbsp;Scott T. Yabiku,&nbsp;Julie Skeldon","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines how sexual concurrency, when an individual engages in multiple sexual relationships that intersect in time, is associated with pregnancy desire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research on sexual concurrency often overlooks its relationship to broader familial processes. Concurrency is most prevalent in young adulthood, a life stage marked by increasing deliberation over childbearing, and may shape expectations about the relationship's future, including desires to have children together.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed high-frequency data collected weekly over 2.5 years from 897 young women in the United States. Using fixed and random effects regression models, we estimated associations between sexual concurrency and pregnancy desire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the short term, sexual concurrency, whether committed by the woman or perceived in her partner, was associated with a decline in pregnancy desire. Over time, repeated concurrency by women was negatively associated with pregnancy desire, whereas ongoing partner concurrency was positively associated with pregnancy desire, particularly, within highly committed relationships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Life circumstances that disrupt or reshape relationships can be related to changes in fertility preferences. In the context of sexual concurrency, young adults may adjust their pregnancy desires in ways that may have implications for subsequent fertility and family-related behavior.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The application of social exchange and investment theory highlights how relationship context informs fertility preferences and offers a foundation for research on broader implications of sexual concurrency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"88 5","pages":"1379-1392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.70089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinship Obligations in Nuclear and Extended Family Networks in Italy: A Vignette Study","authors":"Marco Tosi,&nbsp;Maria Francesca Morabito,&nbsp;Valentina Tocchioni","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines kinship obligations across nuclear and extended family ties, considering variations by support type, gender, and attitudinal moderators regarding the importance attached to emotional closeness, past conflict, reciprocity, and societal judgment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Existing research is predominantly concentrated on support exchanges and obligations in parent–child relationships. Therefore, it remains unknown to what extent kinship obligations extend beyond the nuclear family.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present the findings from an ad-hoc online survey (<i>N</i> = 5601) that examines kinship obligations in Italy using a vignette-based factorial experiment, randomly assigning kin types and genders. The dependent variables measure to what extent the vignette protagonist should provide emotional, practical, care, and financial support to a relative in need.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obligations to provide support to nephews/nieces, uncles/aunts, and cousins are weaker and surrounded by less consensus than those of supporting parents and children, with siblings' obligations occupying an intermediate position. Differences between extended and nuclear kin ties are larger with regard to financial support and care than to emotional and practical aids. Extended kinship obligations are more conditional on attitudes concerning societal judgment for not providing help, while those guiding parent–child ties are more dependent on the importance attached to emotional closeness and past conflict.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We interpret these results in terms of hierarchical kin obligations that diminish with genealogical distance and are backed up by attitudes regarding emotional closeness and societal judgment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"88 5","pages":"1234-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.70092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How I Met My Partner: Online Dating and the Homogamy Gap Between Same-Sex and Different-Sex Couples","authors":"Jisu Park","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines whether online dating helps explain differences in homogamy between same-sex and different-sex couples in the United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Same-sex couples tend to exhibit lower levels of homogamy than different-sex couples, yet the mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. Online dating may either explain or suppress homogamy gaps by expanding access to diverse partner pools while simultaneously enabling selective filtering based on characteristics such as race, education, and age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data from the 2017 HCMST survey, this study estimates associations between partnership type, meeting partners online, and racial, educational, and age homogamy. Regression models are complemented by structural equation modeling to assess mediation and by interaction models to evaluate whether associations differ by partnership type.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Same-sex couples are more likely than different-sex couples to have met their partners online and are less likely to be homogamous in race, education, and age. Online dating is associated with smaller age gaps for both same-sex and different-sex couples and suppresses the observed age homogamy gap between partnership types. In contrast, online dating does not meaningfully explain differences in racial or educational homogamy. Interaction analyses indicate that online dating is associated with higher racial heterogamy among same-sex couples but not among different-sex couples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Online dating does not sufficiently explain homogamy gaps between same-sex and different-sex couples. Instead, structural constraints in partner markets and differences in partner selection processes likely play a more central role in shaping patterns of homogamy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"88 5","pages":"1438-1452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.70072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attractiveness for Status? The Link Between Physical Attractiveness and Male Refugees' Romantic Relationships in Germany","authors":"Irena Kogan,&nbsp;Jana Kuhlemann,&nbsp;Laura Marie Schmitt","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examines the link between physical attractiveness and partnership outcomes among a group of young male refugees, drawing on Social Exchange Theory, which posits that individuals exchange valued traits—such as attractiveness—for higher status in other domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A large influx of predominantly young, unmarried men from Syria and Afghanistan led to skewed sex ratios within their communities in Germany, heightening refugees' difficulties in forming partnerships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study uses PARFORM data, which is based on a stratified probability sample of male refugees from Syria and Afghanistan who arrived in Germany in 2014–2018 (<i>N</i> = 1742). Employing linear probability models with sample selection correction and multiverse analysis, it examines how multiple dimensions of attractive physical appearance are associated with partnerships involving women of higher education or women holding German citizenship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Having an athletic physique and—less consistently—possessing an attractive physical appearance are associated with a higher likelihood of forming partnerships with women holding German citizenship and higher education than a respondent among Afghan—but not Syrian—refugees. In contrast, being well-groomed shows no significant association with any partnership outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings suggest that athletic appearance is associated with improved (Afghan) refugees' chances of entering partnerships that could offer socio-economic and legal advantages. The study highlights a novel dimension of social exchange by showing how refugees' physical traits might be associated with greater legal security in the host country.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":"88 5","pages":"1362-1378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jomf.70085","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partners' Long Work Hours and Changes in New Parents' Employment Over 40 Years.","authors":"Kelly Musick, Wonjeong Jeong","doi":"10.1111/jomf.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jomf.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper examines employment responses to partners' long work hours among new mothers and fathers and asks how gendered couple dynamics at the transition to parenthood have changed over four decades.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Mothers are more responsive than fathers to institutional constraints on managing demands at home, and evidence is mixed on the extent to which couple dynamics have become more egalitarian over time. The current study extends research on the incompatibility of long work hours and motherhood, drawing on a couple perspective to assess the moderating role of partners' long work hours on new parents' employment and its evolution over time.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Current Population Survey panels from 1982-2020 (N = 136,336 couple years; https://cps.ipums.org/cps/) are used to measure partners' employment and work hours shortly before and after first birth across cohorts. Fixed effect models account for confounding time-invariant characteristics of couples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>New mothers pull back from work more when their partners work long hours. Husbands' employment and work hours, by contrast, are not sensitive to partners' long work hours. Despite changes in men's involvement in housework and caregiving, results show little evidence of change over 40 years in the moderating role of partners' long hours on own employment following birth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first U.S. study to examine change in the role of long work hours in shaping couples' employment responses to parenthood. Findings shed light on couple dynamics at the transition to parenthood and document persistence in husbands' work hour patterns and associations with wives' employment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48440,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Marriage and Family","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13461243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}