{"title":"Sexual orientation and vocational interests across 48 countries: The moderating effect of cultural tightness-looseness.","authors":"Yan Yi Lance Du, Michele J Gelfand, Fritz Drasgow","doi":"10.1037/cou0000784","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vocational interests are an important factor in individuals' career choice and development. However, current understanding about the vocational interests of sexual minorities is underdeveloped. Using data from 31,348 men and 59,715 women (N = 91,063) from 48 countries who self-identified as heterosexual, gay/lesbian, bisexual, or asexual, this study used a fine-grained approach to investigating the relationship of sexual orientation to Holland's realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional interests, separately by gender. Across these countries, we also explored how the strength of social norms-that is, cultural tightness-looseness-moderates this relationship. Results indicated generally small sexual orientation differences in realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional interests within women and within men. On average, the interests of sexual minorities tend to be less gender-typical, but more investigative and artistic, than those of heterosexual people. Multilevel analyses show that cultural tightness-looseness moderated sexual orientation differences in realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional interests, such that some of these differences are smaller (larger) in tight (loose) cultures. This implies that tight cultures that have strong norms might constrain sexual minorities' vocational interests, whereas loose cultures that have weak norms offer greater latitude for them to pursue different interests. Altogether, this study advances our collective understanding of sexual minorities' vocational interests and highlights the role of the cultural context in shaping their career choices and development. Implications for counseling and career development of sexual minority clients are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":"72 2","pages":"136-147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edward C Chang, Chanel Meyers, Elizabeth L Jeglic, Jameson K Hirsch
{"title":"A preliminary examination of interpersonal factors and psychological pain as predictors of suicidal behaviors in multiethnoracial college students: When does being ethnoracially diverse contribute to greater suicide risk?","authors":"Edward C Chang, Chanel Meyers, Elizabeth L Jeglic, Jameson K Hirsch","doi":"10.1037/cou0000774","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study sought to extend past research on suicide risk factors in White students and explore whether such risk factors were comparably relevant in an underrepresented group of multiethnoracial students. Specifically, interpersonal factors (viz., burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness) and psychological pain (or \"psychache\") were examined in predicting suicidal behaviors. Results from conducting hierarchical regression analyses indicated that for both groups, independent of demographic factors (age and sex) and history of a past suicide attempt, burdensomeness, and psychological pain were found to be significant predictors of suicidal behaviors. Moreover, a significant Burdensomeness × Psychological Pain effect was found in predicting suicidal behaviors for multiethnoracial students, but not for White students. Some implications of the present findings regarding the potential added risk of suicide associated with being multiethnoracial are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"184-191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christoph Flückiger, Caroline Kolle, Jan Schürmann-Vengels, Ralf Rummer, Mathias Allemand
{"title":"Are psychotherapists' first clinical impressions fundamentally biased? An experimental approach.","authors":"Christoph Flückiger, Caroline Kolle, Jan Schürmann-Vengels, Ralf Rummer, Mathias Allemand","doi":"10.1037/cou0000766","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fifty years ago, the Rosenhan experiment was one of the most impactful psychological studies across decades. One of the main claims of the experiment was that clinicians could be negatively biased in their first clinical impressions, which would negatively impact further clinical decisions. We conducted two experiments (<i>N</i> = 56 and 64) in which psychotherapists were asked to give their first clinical impressions in two consecutive cases after a brief presentation of the case (case description and video excerpt) and a short recall task of the information provided. The attentional focus in the recall task served as an independent variable. Therapists had to adopt either a symptom-focused or a strength-focused attentional focus to recall the cases, that is, therapists rated their first case in either the symptom-focused or the strength-focused condition and the second case in the opposite condition. In both studies, therapists in the symptom-focused conditions rated patients as slightly more distressed, less resilient, and less psychosocially integrated in comparison to the strength-focused conditions. However, even statistically significant, these effects were rather small to clinically negligible. Our preliminary results suggest that the first clinical impressions of contemporary psychotherapists are vulnerable in both experiments to be slightly, but not as dramatically, distorted as the Rosenhan experiment would suggest at the time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"45-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jan Schürmann-Vengels, Jan Pirke, Stefan J Troche, Stephanie L Budge, Christoph Flückiger, Ulrike Willutzki
{"title":"Dual-continual examination and differential prediction of well-being and distress in LGBTQIA+ populations.","authors":"Jan Schürmann-Vengels, Jan Pirke, Stefan J Troche, Stephanie L Budge, Christoph Flückiger, Ulrike Willutzki","doi":"10.1037/cou0000769","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although studies on the dual-continua model have demonstrated that distress and well-being are two separate but interrelated factors of mental health, only limited research exists regarding these concepts for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual+ (LGBTQIA+) individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the factor structure of mental health in the LGBTQIA+ community. The second aim was to investigate whether different correlates are relevant for the prediction of well-being and psychological distress in LGBTQIA+ individuals when these mental health outcomes are considered separately. LGBTQIA+ individuals from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland were recruited via collaborating organizations and social media to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Participants (<i>n</i> = 1,686, <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 27.74) completed self-report measures of well-being and psychological distress. Included correlates were self-esteem, social support, resilience, and various minority stress factors. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and latent regression analyses. A very strong correlation at the latent level (<i>r</i> = -.82) suggested that well-being and psychological distress refer to opposite poles of mental health in the LGBTQIA+ sample. Different minority stress factors were relevant for the prediction of well-being and distress when these factors were disentangled. The present study highlights the close inverse relation between well-being and distress in LGBTQIA+ individuals. Several correlates were found that could inform tailored counseling for LGBTQIA+ community members, irrespective of whether the focus is on positive or negative aspects of mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"92-102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuha Alshabani, James K Haws, Caron Zlotnick, Dawn M Johnson
{"title":"PTSD symptom networks during treatment among residents in domestic violence shelters.","authors":"Nuha Alshabani, James K Haws, Caron Zlotnick, Dawn M Johnson","doi":"10.1037/cou0000771","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Little is known about how the interrelationships among posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms change throughout the treatment. We examined changes in PTSD symptoms among women who experienced intimate partner violence and received one of two evidence-based interventions. We conducted a secondary analysis of a completed randomized, double-blind clinical trial, which demonstrated efficacy in reducing PTSD symptoms. We used cross-lagged panel network analysis to identify the influential PTSD symptoms among women who had completed either the Helping to Overcome PTSD through Empowerment or an adapted version of person-centered therapy. We examined if a symptom's <i>expected influence,</i> a metric of interconnectedness, would predict overall PTSD symptom reductions at baseline, postshelter, posttreatment, and 6- and 12-months posttreatment. Women who showed more significant decreases in feeling upset and avoidance also demonstrated greater decreases in their overall PTSD symptoms at postshelter, posttreatment, and 6 and 12 months posttreatment. Findings indicate that changes in symptoms with high centrality result in larger PTSD network changes observed at both adjacent and future time points. Identifying and targeting symptoms with influential associations produce therapeutic cascades, resulting in symptom reductions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using latent transition analysis to explore changes in decent work across time.","authors":"Junsang Park, Haram J Kim, Ryan D Duffy","doi":"10.1037/cou0000773","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored longitudinal trajectories of decent work profiles guided by core propositions from psychology of working theory. Data were collected from 419 working adults in the United States at three time points over a 6-month period. We examined decent work trajectories using latent transition analysis considering two key covariates (work volition and career adaptability) and while accounting for other variables such as ethnicity, education, and income level. The analysis identified five latent decent work profiles: <i>only safety, low health care, indecent work, average,</i> and <i>decent work</i>. Notably, the <i>indecent</i> and <i>decent work</i> profiles were the most stable, while the <i>only safety</i> and <i>low health care</i> profiles were more likely to change with time. The influence of work volition and career adaptability on transition probabilities was found to partially align with the hypotheses of psychology of working theory. Findings indicated that, within psychology of working theory, these psychological mediators may operate through varied mechanisms to influence both the attainment and maintenance of decent work across time. Implications for future research, practical applications, and theoretical developments are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"80-91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compassion focused imagery reduces fears of compassion irrespective of attachment.","authors":"Deanna Varley, Chase S Sherwell, James N Kirby","doi":"10.1037/cou0000770","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study evaluated the efficacy of a brief compassion-focused imagery intervention for reducing fears of compassion. This study also examined whether individual differences in attachment would influence treatment effectiveness. We randomly assigned a nonclinical sample of 125 community-dwelling adults to a control group or an intervention group. Those in the intervention group completed a brief intervention involving daily compassionate imagery exercises for 1 week. Those who completed the intervention demonstrated significant reductions in fears of compassion for others, fears of compassion from others, and fears of self-compassion, irrespective of differences in attachment. These findings support the efficacy of compassion-focused imagery exercises in reducing fears of compassion across attachment patterns, suggesting their potential value for enhancing mental well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"69-79"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos López-Cavada, Rafael Jódar, Ladislav Timulak, Sergi Corbella
{"title":"Emotion-focused treatment for self-criticism in a nonclinical population: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Carlos López-Cavada, Rafael Jódar, Ladislav Timulak, Sergi Corbella","doi":"10.1037/cou0000768","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-criticism is a transdiagnostic phenomenon associated with different psychopathological manifestations in clinical and nonclinical samples. This fact has led to an increase in research on its measurement and treatment. This study seeks to examine the effects of emotion-focused therapy on self-criticism in a nonclinical population through pretreatment, posttreatment, and follow-up questionnaires. The study was designed as a randomized control trial comparing emotion-focused therapy for self-criticism (<i>n</i> = 24) versus a wait-list control group (<i>n</i> = 28). The efficacy was evaluated using Inadequate Self and Hated Self scales of Forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking and Self-Reassuring scale, as well as measures of depression, general distress, and interpersonal problems. The results showed significant improvements on the inadequate self, depression, general distress, self-compassion, and self-reassuring measures at the end of the treatment for emotion-focused therapy condition in comparison with the control, with most of the changes also being maintained in the follow-up. The results show the promise of emotion-focused therapy as a way of treating self-criticism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"56-68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kiara M Tanta-Quidgeon, Mona Stonefish, Rachel E Wilbur, Joseph P Gone
{"title":"Traditional healing as mental health intervention: Contemporary insights from an American Indian healer.","authors":"Kiara M Tanta-Quidgeon, Mona Stonefish, Rachel E Wilbur, Joseph P Gone","doi":"10.1037/cou0000764","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contemporary American Indian communities experience a disproportionately high rate of specific mental health concerns, including psychiatric disorders as defined by professional psychology. Although integrating mainstream mental health services and Indigenous traditional healing (ITH) has been presented as a promising approach to addressing these inequities, such integration necessitates in-depth exploration and consideration of ITH. To that effect, this article provides a thematic analysis of an interview with an urban American Indian traditional healer who reflected on more than 4 decades of therapeutic experience. Based on this analysis, we identified two major themes. The first theme, <i>Expansive View of ITH</i>, reflects this healer's conceptualization and understanding of the therapeutic process while the second theme, <i>Guiding Principles of ITH,</i> explicates the foundational commitments that shape and guide this healer's application and practice of ITH. These insights reinforce previous observations made by scholars of Indigenous health and well-being that challenge dominant Euro-American perspectives and call for transformative change in psychology research and practice, advocating for professional consideration of a broader range of therapeutic rationales, traditions, and practices than what is common within the field. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"531-542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Janne Låver, Andrew Athan McAleavey, Irene Valaker, Katrine Frammarsvik, Christian Moltu
{"title":"Psychotherapists' outcome expectations: How are they established?","authors":"Janne Låver, Andrew Athan McAleavey, Irene Valaker, Katrine Frammarsvik, Christian Moltu","doi":"10.1037/cou0000748","DOIUrl":"10.1037/cou0000748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Therapists' outcome expectations influence the psychotherapy process and outcomes, but little is known about the factors influencing their development. This study explored therapists' experiences with establishing outcome expectations for their patients. The participants were 35 therapists from a public mental health setting, who were interviewed in five different focus groups. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis. Three themes and 10 subthemes were identified. In Theme 1 (understanding the problem), participants' expectations were influenced by (a) their patients' diagnoses and the diagnostic process, (b) their perceptions of the complexity of the presenting problem, (c) how stable the patients' symptoms and situations were, and (d) whether they experienced familiarity with the patient or the patients' situation. In Theme 2 (the patient's openness to change), participants' expectations were influenced by (a) the patient's stated reason for seeking treatment, (b) the patient's conceptualization of their problem/situation, and (c) their perception of the patient's willingness to invest in the treatment. In Theme 3 (the fit between the therapist and patient), the participants discussed the factors that influenced whether they felt they were a good fit for working with an individual patient and how this perception of personal and professional fit influenced their expectations. We identify several ways that therapists' situational factors and their recognition of the patient through their own past experiences can influence their expectations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"644-658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}