Criminology最新文献_第5页

Flawed research on the impact of law reform: The case of legal prostitution and sex trafficking, a research note 关于法律改革影响的有缺陷的研究：合法卖淫和性交易案例，一份研究报告

IF 5.2 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12407

Ronald Weitzer

引用次数: 0

Home but not free: Rule-breaking, withdrawal, and dignity in reentry 家但不自由：打破规则，退缩，重新进入的尊严

IF 5.2 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12408

Gillian Slee

引用次数: 0

LGBTQ+ perspectives on police reform: An examination of support for defunding, reallocating, and disbanding, a research note LGBTQ+对警察改革的看法：对撤资、重新分配和解散的支持的审查，一份研究报告

IF 5.2 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12405

Valerie Jenness, Stefan Vogler

{"title":"LGBTQ+ perspectives on police reform: An examination of support for defunding, reallocating, and disbanding, a research note","authors":"Valerie Jenness, Stefan Vogler","doi":"10.1111/1745-9125.12405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12405","url":null,"abstract":"The murder of George Floyd in 2020 catalyzed a national discussion about policing, including calls to #DefundthePolice that recently manifested in the 2024 national election as presidential candidates debated competing approaches to achieving public safety and police reform. The well-documented “race gap” in views of the police was apparent in this discussion, whereas the views of another minoritized community with a long history of being subjected to police violence, the LGBTQ+ community, were imperceptible. This research examines LGBTQ+ people's support for police reform. Using data from a national probability survey, we find LGBTQ+ people express more support than non-LGBTQ+ people do for three types of reform: defunding the police, reallocating police funds, and disbanding the police. For both LGBTQ+ and non-LGBTQ+ people, the predicted probabilities for supporting reallocating police funds are higher than for defunding the police and disbanding the police. Within the LGBTQ+ population, the predicted probability for each type of reform is highest for nonbinary people, generally followed by those who are young, of color, and liberal. The findings related to the LGBTQ+ population are foundational to understanding how different segments of the LGBTQ+ community orient to police and prospects for reform.","PeriodicalId":48385,"journal":{"name":"Criminology","volume":"63 2","pages":"545-556"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “The code of the street and inmate violence: Investigating the salience of imported belief systems” “街头与囚犯暴力守则：调查外来信仰系统的重要性”的勘误表

IF 5.2 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12404

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The code of the street and inmate violence: Investigating the salience of imported belief systems”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1745-9125.12404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12404","url":null,"abstract":"Mears, D. P., Stewart, E. A., Siennick, S. E., & Simons, R. L. (2013). The code of the street and inmate violence: Investigating the salience of imported belief systems. Criminology, 51(3), 695–728. https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12017The binary variable standard deviations in the original paper differed from those computed manually, suggesting possible errors in the results. Investigation through exact reproduction was not possible due to the loss of the files used in the original analysis, but a close approximation was possible. The descriptive statistics in Table 1, which were produced in the reanalysis, are similar to those in the original tables. Results in Table 2—the paper's main focus—show, again, that street code beliefs are positively associated with prison violence. In Table 3, similar to the original, no interactions surfaced for models 1 (educational training) and 2 (religious participation), but did for model 5 (gang involvement). However, the original table identified a significant interaction in model 3 (family support), but the reproduced analyses do not. For model 4 (disciplinary actions), the coefficients are similar, but the reproduced one is not significant. The results are similar to the original: Street code beliefs are positively associated with prison violence, and mixed evidence exists that prison experiences amplify this association.Given that the original data were not available, we asked the authors to reproduce their results with the data available from the original study. We then used this data to independently reproduce the results based on the authors' file and achieved the same outcomes.Documentation and the Stata.do file for this piece can be found at https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/8IDDKV","PeriodicalId":48385,"journal":{"name":"Criminology","volume":"63 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-9125.12404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144910097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seeing the state in action: Public preferences about and judgments of common police–civilian interactions 看到国家在行动：公众对普通警察-平民互动的偏好和判断

IF 5.2 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12403

Paige E. Vaughn, Gregory A. Huber

{"title":"Seeing the state in action: Public preferences about and judgments of common police–civilian interactions","authors":"Paige E. Vaughn, Gregory A. Huber","doi":"10.1111/1745-9125.12403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12403","url":null,"abstract":"New technologies allow unprecedented public visibility of routine police–civilian interactions, but we know little about how the public wants the police to behave during them. We examine public evaluations about preferred punishment and fair treatment using vignette experiments that randomize multiple features of police–civilian interactions. These causal estimates reveal that for the mass public, officer race does not affect public attitudes, while participant demeanor, markers of threat, and civilian race do. Police–civilian interactions are evaluated through a lens of reciprocity: Hostile officers are judged as less fair, while hostile and armed civilians are viewed as deserving of harsher punishment. When civilians remain polite and threat is low, there is little support for punitive outcomes, but poor civilian behavior warrants more punitive state action. Moreover, people prefer more punishment for White compared with Black civilians, as well as in interactions with White officers and civilians compared with those in which both parties are Black. Interactions with a White officer and a Black civilian are judged as less fair, as are the fairness of assigned punishments in them. Finally, views about fairness are not equivalent to views about appropriate sanctions. These results provide critical evidence about public attitudes regarding police punishment and fairness in order maintenance.","PeriodicalId":48385,"journal":{"name":"Criminology","volume":"63 2","pages":"330-381"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-9125.12403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144910313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The mark or trace of a criminal record: A survey experiment of race and criminal record signaling 犯罪记录的标记或痕迹：种族和犯罪记录信号的调查实验

IF 5.2 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-05-31 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12406

Sarah Lageson, Robert Apel

{"title":"The mark or trace of a criminal record: A survey experiment of race and criminal record signaling","authors":"Sarah Lageson, Robert Apel","doi":"10.1111/1745-9125.12406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12406","url":null,"abstract":"Employment discrimination from a criminal record is a salient social fact, evidenced by a robust body of experimental research. In Part 1 of this study, we analyze prior criminal record hiring experiments—comprising in-person audits, online audits, and opt-in surveys—to describe patterns over time in employer receptivity to applicants of different races with criminal records. In Part 2, we use a novel experimental survey of 1080 employers to measure how differences in the signaling of a criminal record impact the criminal record–employment relationship. Our results reveal a substantial hiring penalty for an official criminal record (conveyed by a background check report), with a smaller but still significant penalty for an unofficial criminal record (an Internet search engine “hit”). The experiment also shows that the official criminal record penalty is significantly larger for White applicants than for Black applicants. Although the latter finding was counter to expectations informed by prior studies, it is less surprising considering our Part 1 findings, which reveal a closing racial gap in the criminal record penalty during the last 20 years. We discuss how broader legal, social, and technological changes, as well as changes in methodologies, impact our understanding today of criminal records, race, and employment.","PeriodicalId":48385,"journal":{"name":"Criminology","volume":"63 2","pages":"382-410"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-9125.12406","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144910314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Redeeming desistance: From individual journeys to a social movement 救赎抵抗：从个人旅程到社会运动

IF 4.6 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12393

Shadd Maruna

引用次数: 0

Anticipatory discrimination: How attorneys’ assumptions about fact triers’ biases sustain race and gender inequality in the civil legal system 预期性歧视：律师对事实裁判者偏见的假设如何维持民事法律制度中的种族和性别不平等

IF 4.6 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12399

Benjamin R. Weiss

{"title":"Anticipatory discrimination: How attorneys’ assumptions about fact triers’ biases sustain race and gender inequality in the civil legal system","authors":"Benjamin R. Weiss","doi":"10.1111/1745-9125.12399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12399","url":null,"abstract":"Sociolegal research has shown that structural and interpersonal discrimination produce race and gender inequality in access to civil justice. This article draws on interviews with civil attorneys who represent sexual violence victims to theorize “anticipatory discrimination” as a related but distinct explanation for inequality. Attorneys worried about the potential racism and sexism of imagined fact triers (i.e., judges and jurors). They preempted anticipated discrimination by taking fewer cases from Black and Latino victims and from victims whose experiences deviated from dominant gender ideologies. When they did take cases from victims who they anticipated might experience structural or interpersonal discrimination, attorneys lowered their case valuation and demanded they meet higher evidentiary thresholds than similarly situated but less marginalized victims. This article challenges acclamations of the civil legal system as a promising route to redress for sexual violence victims by presenting evidence of race and gender inequality in victims’ access to and experience of civil justice. In so doing, this article extends sociolegal and social cognition research on inequality by showing that actions taken in anticipation of discrimination may sustain inequality separate and apart from existing structural and interpersonal discrimination, a process this article terms “anticipatory discrimination.”","PeriodicalId":48385,"journal":{"name":"Criminology","volume":"63 1","pages":"239-267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How environmental features and perceptions influence the perceived risks and rewards of criminal opportunities 环境特征和感知如何影响犯罪机会的感知风险和回报

IF 4.6 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12401

William P. McClanahan, Daniel S. Nagin, Marco Otte, Peter Wozniak, Jean-Louis van Gelder

{"title":"How environmental features and perceptions influence the perceived risks and rewards of criminal opportunities","authors":"William P. McClanahan, Daniel S. Nagin, Marco Otte, Peter Wozniak, Jean-Louis van Gelder","doi":"10.1111/1745-9125.12401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12401","url":null,"abstract":"A central tenet of the criminal decision-making literature is that perceptions of the environment shape decisions. Yet the underlying mechanisms linking environmental features to perception remain mostly untested. Those that have been tested have relied on methods that are either correlational or have limited generalizability. We aimed to fill this gap by harnessing the power of virtual reality. Using burglary as a case study, incarcerated residential burglars with varying degrees of proficiency (N = 160) explored a virtual neighborhood with houses that differed in features related to the risks and rewards of burglary. In support of our preregistered hypotheses, offenders adjust their perceptions in response to environmental features related to risks and rewards. Moreover, proficiency modifies these perceptions, with more proficient offenders believing they are less likely to get caught and seen and, as a result, more likely to break into a house. We support our statistical findings with rich data from qualitative interviews.","PeriodicalId":48385,"journal":{"name":"Criminology","volume":"63 1","pages":"155-182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1745-9125.12401","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Criminal justice as racialized organizations: Evidence from ethnographies of police, courts, and jails 作为种族化组织的刑事司法：警察、法院和监狱人种学研究的证据

IF 4.6 1区社会学

Criminology Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9125.12397

Heather Schoenfeld, Chas Walker, Marielis Rosa

{"title":"Criminal justice as racialized organizations: Evidence from ethnographies of police, courts, and jails","authors":"Heather Schoenfeld, Chas Walker, Marielis Rosa","doi":"10.1111/1745-9125.12397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1745-9125.12397","url":null,"abstract":"Criminology has long grappled with the relationship between race/racism and the criminal justice system. In this article, we build on past critiques and demonstrate how scholars of the criminal legal system can use meso-level theories of race/racism to better explain their findings, develop new insights, and pose new research questions. To this end, we introduce the theory of racialized organizations. Drawing examples from recent ethnographic studies of police departments, criminal courts, and jails, we illustrate how criminal legal organizations (CLOs) embody the core tenets of the theory. Specifically, CLOs endow racial schema with power, distribute and extract resources unequally in part by using racialized credentials, legitimize racial harm by decoupling formal commitments to legal rights from actual practice, and reduce the agency of non-White people. We also extend the theory of racialized organizations to describe how legitimacy and racial harm accumulate and deepen across CLOs. The article concludes with actionable research directions that illuminate the complex interactions between race and the criminal legal system.","PeriodicalId":48385,"journal":{"name":"Criminology","volume":"63 1","pages":"122-154"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143849047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0