{"title":"When do parents use positive behavior support? Day-to-day fluctuations in parental moods and coparenting support.","authors":"Lan Chen, Carlie J Sloan, Gregory M Fosco","doi":"10.1037/fam0001352","DOIUrl":"10.1037/fam0001352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parent's use of positive behavior support-including praise, encouragement, and consistency-is beneficial for adolescent development, yet there is limited research exploring how within-person differences in individual and family factors contribute to why parents use it more or less on a day-to-day basis. This study aimed to examine whether daily parental mood and coparenting support would explain day-to-day changes in parents' use of positive behavior support with their adolescents. This study included a sample of 150 parents (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 43.4, <i>SD</i><sub>age</sub> = 6.9) from two-parent families, who completed a 21-day daily diary protocol. Multilevel model results revealed within-person relations linking daily variation in parents' mood and coparenting support with positive behavior support. On days when parents' positive mood was higher (or negative mood was lower) than usual and when coparenting support was higher than usual, parents used more positive behavior support with their adolescents. When all parental moods were considered simultaneously, daily positive moods remained significant. In addition, daily variation in coparenting support moderated the relation between parents' daily anxious mood and their positive behavior support (but not for daily angry, depressed, or positive moods). In this interaction, the daily anxious mood was only associated with positive behavior support if coparenting support was also high; positive behavior support was consistently low in the context of low coparenting support. These findings have implications for understanding daily parenting processes and interventions aimed at supporting parent's positive behavior support. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"873-884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chelsea G Ratcliff, Hillary A Langley, Debbie Torres, Kennedy S Anderson
{"title":"Randomized controlled trial of brief app-based gratitude and mindfulness interventions for parents of young children.","authors":"Chelsea G Ratcliff, Hillary A Langley, Debbie Torres, Kennedy S Anderson","doi":"10.1037/fam0001347","DOIUrl":"10.1037/fam0001347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parenting is associated with considerable stress. Brief, self-directed mindfulness and gratitude interventions via mobile app may mitigate the effects of stress on parents' mood and emotion regulation. The present study is a randomized controlled trial among parents of young children (<i>N</i> = 125) comparing the effect of a 2-week daily (10-min/day) app-based mindfulness intervention to a 2-week daily (10-min/day) app-based gratitude intervention to a 2-week daily (10-min/day) app-based food journaling attention control condition on parenting stress, positive and negative affect, emotion regulation, mindfulness, and gratitude reported immediately postintervention and 1-month later. Linear multilevel modeling revealed no significant group or Group × Time effects on any outcome (<i>p</i>s > .1). Exploratory analyses examining gender as a moderator of effects also generally did not provide evidence of the interventions' efficacy on outcomes for men or women. Two-week app-based mindfulness and gratitude interventions did not lead to improved outcomes compared to an attention control condition for parents of young children. More intensive gratitude and/or mindfulness interventions may be needed to effect change in parents. Alternatively, it is possible that mindfulness- and/or gratitude-focused interventions may not be the most effective approach for addressing parenting stress. However, future research powered to assess parents' responses to such interventions is needed to determine efficacy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"848-860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Su Yeong Kim, Yayu Du, Tianlu Zhang, Jingyi Shen, Kiera M Coulter, Lester Sim, Wen Wen, Belem G López, Maria M Arredondo, Yishan Shen, Yang Hou
{"title":"Adolescent executive function as a resilience factor in the family stress model among Mexican-origin families.","authors":"Su Yeong Kim, Yayu Du, Tianlu Zhang, Jingyi Shen, Kiera M Coulter, Lester Sim, Wen Wen, Belem G López, Maria M Arredondo, Yishan Shen, Yang Hou","doi":"10.1037/fam0001386","DOIUrl":"10.1037/fam0001386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mexican-origin families often face economic hardship due to systemic oppression, increasing the likelihood of adolescent marijuana use. While the family stress model provides insight into the mechanism of the association between family economic hardship and adolescent marijuana use, resilience factors are relatively unknown. The present study uses a three-wave longitudinal data set of Mexican immigrant families in the United States (Wave 1-adolescents: <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 12.29, <i>SD</i> = 0.93; mothers: <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 38.57, <i>SD</i> = 5.71) to investigate the mechanism underlying the association between family income and adolescents' likelihood of marijuana use, guided by the family stress model. The protective role of adolescent executive function (shifting task performance and working memory), which has been widely linked to adolescent marijuana use in prior research, was tested as a key resilience factor supporting behavioral regulation and adaptive coping in negative family environments. The results revealed the long-term detrimental influence of early adolescents' family income on the likelihood of using marijuana in late adolescence through family economic pressure, maternal internalizing symptoms, maternal hostility toward partner, and maternal hostility toward adolescent. The downstream link is buffered by adolescents' longer reaction times in shifting tasks and longer digit span by attenuating the influence of maternal hostility toward adolescent on the likelihood of adolescent marijuana use. Revealing the mechanism and identifying resilience factors for the association between family economic hardship and adolescent's marijuana use in Mexican-origin families shed light on the targets of interventions to help adolescents thrive and overcome economic disadvantage in Mexican-origin communities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Gorla, Jennifer E Lansford, Jennifer Godwin, Kenneth A Dodge
{"title":"Parent-child communication and third generation's difficulties: Roles of parental depression and self-efficacy.","authors":"Laura Gorla, Jennifer E Lansford, Jennifer Godwin, Kenneth A Dodge","doi":"10.1037/fam0001399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/fam0001399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines whether parents' past communication with their own parents is associated with children's psychological difficulties and whether this association is mediated by parents' depression and self-efficacy. Evidence of the intergenerational transmission of parent-child relationships is well-documented in the literature, but few studies have explored the intergenerational paths between grandparents' and parents' (first and second generations, G1-G2, respectively) communication, parents' depression and sense of efficacy, and children's (third generation, G3) psychological difficulties. Drawing on participants from Fast Track, a multisite longitudinal study, the present analyses included data from 360 original children, now parents (54% fathers, mean age = 34), who completed measures about their own depression and self-efficacy as well as their children's psychological and behavioral difficulties; during childhood (mean age = 10) these same parents had reported on communication with their G1 parents. Running mediation path analyses, we discovered that G1G2 communication was significantly related to G2's depression and emotional and parental self-efficacy. No direct associations between G1G2 communication and G3's psychological difficulties were found, nor did G2's emotional and parental self-efficacy mediate this path across generations. Nevertheless, G2's emotional and parental self-efficacy were significantly associated with G3's psychological difficulties, showing evidence of two generations and not three generations effects. By focusing on three generations, the present study extends knowledge about the critical role of G1 and G2 relationship quality and parenting on the next generation's psychological development and well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12380149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicholas S Perry, Alyssa Norris, Alex Rubin, Galena K Rhoades
{"title":"Mental health and substance use shape the processes of romantic relationship formation for same-gender couples.","authors":"Nicholas S Perry, Alyssa Norris, Alex Rubin, Galena K Rhoades","doi":"10.1037/fam0001394","DOIUrl":"10.1037/fam0001394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bidirectional links between mental health and substance use and romantic relationship dynamics are well-established, though most of this research has focused on different-gender (presumed heterosexual) couples in established, committed relationships or marriages. Given the high prevalence of mental health and substance use disparities among sexual minority adults, more research is needed on how these factors might influence them and not just in committed relationships, but early romantic relationship development, a time that can be especially turbulent for all couples. The present study used qualitative data from 60 cisgender, same-gender couples (50% female) collected during a semistructured conversation couples had regarding their relationship formation and early history. Applied content analysis was used to explore the role of mental health and substance use on couples' relationship formation and early functioning. Primary themes included the role of alcohol and substance use in accelerating relationship development, perception of partners as a mental health support promoting relationship formation, and associations between partner's psychological distress and early relationship distress and instability. More female couples than male couples described their poor mental health at relationship initiation as both promoting relationship involvement and exacerbating conflict. These findings highlight the relevance of mental health and substance use problems for same-gender couples' early romantic relationship development given the mental health disparities they face. Future research will be needed to explore if findings generalize to other types of sexual and gender minority couples and heterosexual couples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angela J Narayan, Hopewell R Hodges, Amanda W Kalstabakken, Amy R Monn, Ann S Masten
{"title":"Adversity, developmentally appropriate attributions, and parenting during homelessness: Resilience in an expanded family stress model.","authors":"Angela J Narayan, Hopewell R Hodges, Amanda W Kalstabakken, Amy R Monn, Ann S Masten","doi":"10.1037/fam0001332","DOIUrl":"10.1037/fam0001332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The family stress model has illuminated pathways from economic hardship to parents' psychological distress to impaired caregiving. However, there is less family stress model research examining other risk processes that link parental stressors to parenting or resilience processes that counteract these pathways. This study examined parents' developmentally appropriate attributions (DAAs) of young children's behavior as a link between multiple dimensions of parental adversity and stress, and multiple parenting indicators. Parental DAAs were hypothesized to (a) stem from childhood, cumulative, and contemporaneous adversity and stress and (b) relate to parenting quality. Participants were 95 mothers (<i>M</i> = 30.26 years, <i>SD</i> = 5.74, range = 20.01-45.66 years; 67.4% Black, 11.6% White, 7.4% bi-/multiracial, and 13.6% other) and their 4- to 6-year-old children residing in emergency shelters in a Midwestern metro area. Mothers completed validated measures on their own childhood abuse and neglect, DAAs, cumulative sociodemographic risk, current perceived stress and psychological distress, and the 5-min speech sample, later coded for expressed emotion (EE). Mother-child dyads then completed a 20-min structured interaction subsequently coded for observed effective parenting. Mothers' higher levels of childhood neglect and perceived stress were associated with their lower DAAs. In turn, higher DAAs were related to lower EE negativity, higher EE warmth, and more effective observed parenting. Parental DAAs may be a malleable target for interventions guided by the family stress model and resilience frameworks that could help parents reframe interpretations of ambiguous child behaviors in more benign, empathic, and developmentally sensitive ways to promote more positive parenting behaviors and relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Chen, Caitlin F Canfield, Eric D Finegood, Juliana Gutierrez, Shanna Williams, Lauren K O'Connell, Alan Mendelsohn
{"title":"Family stress model and parenting in infancy: Social support and parenting self-efficacy as resilience factors.","authors":"Yu Chen, Caitlin F Canfield, Eric D Finegood, Juliana Gutierrez, Shanna Williams, Lauren K O'Connell, Alan Mendelsohn","doi":"10.1037/fam0001341","DOIUrl":"10.1037/fam0001341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the family stress model (FSM), economic stressors undermine optimal child development through negative impacts on parent psychological well-being and family relationships, which in turn disrupt positive parenting. However, few studies have examined the role of interparental conflict among these pathways and the resilience factors that buffer the FSM processes. Understanding risk and resilience is especially relevant for families in Flint, MI, for whom poverty resulting from structural racism and chronic disinvestment has coincided with public health crises. Using 199 families from low socioeconomic backgrounds in an ongoing parenting intervention in Flint, this study examined whether parent psychological distress and interparental conflict mediated the association between economic pressure at baseline (around birth) and cognitive stimulation at 9 months, and whether parenting self-efficacy and social support moderated the sequential mediation. Data were collected through parent interviews at both time points. We found that the negative association between economic pressure at baseline and cognitive stimulation at 9 months was sequentially mediated by parent psychological distress and interparental conflict. Furthermore, this negative sequential mediation was reduced and became nonsignificant when parents reported higher levels of parenting self-efficacy and social support. These findings suggest that improving interparental relationships in addition to parent mental health may promote positive parenting in at-risk two-parent families and that strength-based interventions are needed to reinforce parenting self-efficacy and facilitate parents' social networks and connections with the community to foster positive parenting. Programs should address these issues during infancy to build a strong foundation for long-term healthy development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tricia K Neppl, Jeenkyoung Lee, Olivia N Diggs, Daniel Russell, Kandauda K A S Wickrama
{"title":"Family stress model pathways in middle adulthood to loneliness in later adulthood: Role of self-mastery.","authors":"Tricia K Neppl, Jeenkyoung Lee, Olivia N Diggs, Daniel Russell, Kandauda K A S Wickrama","doi":"10.1037/fam0001339","DOIUrl":"10.1037/fam0001339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study investigated economic hardship and feelings of loneliness in line with the Family Stress Model (FSM) for husbands and wives in enduring marriages, as well as the importance of self-mastery as a resilience factor that may disrupt its effects. Data came from 226 husbands and wives who participated from middle to later adulthood. Assessments included self-report and observational measures. Economic hardship, economic pressure, emotional distress in the form of hostility, and observed harsh couple interaction were assessed in middle adulthood. Loneliness was assessed in later adulthood. Self-mastery in the later years was examined as a resilience process for loneliness. Using structural equation models with a dyadic approach, consistent with the FSM, results indicated economic hardship related to economic pressure, which was related to husband and wife hostility. Both actor and partner effects were significant for the paths from hostility to harsh couple interaction for husbands and for wives. However, it was only wife to husband harsh couple interaction that predicted both wife and husband loneliness. In terms of the resilience process, self-mastery had a compensatory effect for husband and wife loneliness, and wife mastery buffered the effects of her harsh couple interactions and husband loneliness. Results suggest economic hardship experienced in middle adulthood has long-term effects on loneliness into later adulthood, but self-mastery was revealed as an individual- and partner-level resilience factor that reduced or buffered the negative impact of FSM on loneliness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356485/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Positivity protects Chinese mothers' and adolescents' well-being and functioning against COVID-19 family economic stress.","authors":"Shuyang Dong, Rui Zhang, Jing Gong, Sicong Sun","doi":"10.1037/fam0001340","DOIUrl":"10.1037/fam0001340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The family stress model has been used widely to interpret how economic circumstances affect human development. However, its applicability to Chinese families with adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic remains unclear. Although resilience processes have been integrated into this model, they have seldom been examined in the Chinese family context. To address these research gaps, we leveraged data collected before (2018; T1) and during the pandemic (2020; T2) from the nationally representative China family panel studies and tested how the change in family economic status foretells Chinese adolescents' development during the pandemic. The sample consisted of 1,148 adolescents (607 boys and 541 girls; <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 11.51 ± 1.13 years old at T1) and their mothers. At T1 and T2, objective and subjective family economic status were assessed. Mothers rated their depression and positivity. At T2, adolescents rated nurturant-involved parenting, family conflicts, and their own positivity, depression, and academic self-regulation. The number of COVID-19 cases in each province was extracted to index regional pandemic risk. Results showed that the associations of the T1-to-T2 changes in family income (mainly in regions with higher pandemic risk) and subjective family economic status with T2 family conflicts and T2 nurturant-involved parenting were linked by the T1-to-T2 change in maternal positivity. In turn, the associations of T2 family conflicts and T2 nurturant-involved parenting with adolescents' depression and academic self-regulation at T2 were linked by T2 adolescent positivity. These findings suggest that nurturing personal positivity is a promising approach to mitigating the negative impacts of family economic stress. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"I choose joy\": Exploring Black familial joy as a strengths-based coping asset in the United States.","authors":"Lauren C Mims, Amina Patricia Anekwe, Addison Duane, Seanna Leath, Jasmin R Brooks Stephens, Marketa Burnett, Heather Bishop, Truc Thao Bui","doi":"10.1037/fam0001376","DOIUrl":"10.1037/fam0001376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Black Americans have long conceptualized joy as the difference between surviving and thriving. And yet, few studies have focused on the protective process of joy within Black families, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic which disproportionately impacted Black youth and families due to systemic racism in the United States. In analyzing two phases of data collected with Black maternal caregivers living in the Midwest, we explored Black maternal caregivers' descriptions of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their families and the importance of joy during this time. Using consensual qualitative analysis, we identified six main themes of how their lives were shaped by the COVID-19 pandemic: <i>(1)</i> <i>experiencing loss of income,</i> (2) <i>experiencing isolation,</i> (3) <i>experiencing a death in the family,</i> (4) <i>experiencing greater closeness with their children,</i> (5) <i>navigating virtual learning, and</i> (6) <i>experiencing the birth of a new baby or a new family member joining the household.</i> Additionally, they described joy as a family during the pandemic as <i>togetherness</i> and <i>safety.</i> In the interviews, we identified three main themes that represented key aspects of what joy meant to Black maternal caregivers and their families: (1) \"It helped me cope with life\": Joy as a Way to Cope Amid Difficult Life Experiences; (2) \"What if [joy] starts with what's around her\": Joy as a Way to Engender Resistance Among Black Children; and (3) \"Just joy in doing the small things\": Joy as It Occurs Through Everyday Activities. This study provides one of the first detailed empirical accounts of Black familial joy, illustrating its role as a protective process rooted in the strengths of Black families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48381,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144822949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}