Hannah M Wolpe, Lucia Knight, Tsidiso Tolla, Law J Mugadhuyi, Enid Schatz, Jennifer Pellowski, Jennifer Nyawira Githaiga
{"title":"Interventions to reduce HIV-related stigma among older people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.","authors":"Hannah M Wolpe, Lucia Knight, Tsidiso Tolla, Law J Mugadhuyi, Enid Schatz, Jennifer Pellowski, Jennifer Nyawira Githaiga","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2562247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2025.2562247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV-related stigma remains a major barrier to testing, treatment, and quality of life, especially for the growing population of older people living with HIV (OPLWH, aged 50+). Such stigma intersects with age-related and other stigmas, compounding health vulnerabilities. Research on this issue remains limited, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This review thus sought to explore stigma-reduction interventions for OPLWH in SSA to inform future efforts. Guided by Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR standards, studies published between 2004 and 2024 including OPLWH in SSA and reporting stigma-reduction interventions were reviewed. A search of seven databases produced 709 articles, with 21 manually sought manually. Eight studies were included, five of which were from Kenya. Five were qualitative, and only one quantitative study included follow-up data. Three explicitly targeted stigma, and one intersectional stigma. Various features (e.g., education) were targeted, mostly at individual or interpersonal levels. Few operated at higher levels and age reporting was inconsistent. There is an evident lack of stigma-reduction interventions for OPLWH in SSA. Future efforts should consider age-related dynamics and intersecting stigmas. Social support (formal and informal) showed particular promise, alongside economic and nutrition-based strategies. Broader, higher-level efforts addressing social and institutional drivers of stigma are also needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah Norton, Anthony P Moll, Neo Morojele, Gerald Friedland, Sheela V Shenoi
{"title":"Structural characteristics of alcohol venues are associated with testing positive for HIV in rural Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa.","authors":"Sarah Norton, Anthony P Moll, Neo Morojele, Gerald Friedland, Sheela V Shenoi","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2534532","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2534532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The HIV epidemic in South Africa is one of the largest globally, with a 20% prevalence among adults. The South African National Strategic Plan recognizes the need to address social and structural barriers to HIV prevention, as well as behavioral drivers, including alcohol abuse. Nested within a rural community-based HIV testing initiative, including at alcohol venues (AVs), we explored whether structural features of AVs were associated with HIV seropositivity. Of the 488 individuals tested at 46 AVs, 43 (8.8%) were seropositive. The majority of AVs were rural, unregistered, informal, lacked a liquor license, well-maintained, single rooms with lighting, make-shift seating, and adjacent outdoor space. Sound systems, bathrooms and preventative health signage were less common. In this cross-sectional analysis, community members were more likely to be identified as living with HIV at shebeens that were in town (<i>p</i> = 0.006), well-maintained (<i>p</i> = 0.008), had bathrooms (<i>p</i> = 0.004), and were monitored by security (<i>p</i> = 0.047). Multivariable regression analysis identified indoor bathrooms as an independent correlate of living with HIV (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 0.52, CI 95% 0.30-0.90). While many structural characteristics were static, several were potentially modifiable. Understanding how AV characteristics are associated with testing positive for HIV may inform community-based interventions that can address HIV risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1744-1752"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew A Adan, Christina Psaros, Laura Kehoe, Wendy L Macias-Konstantopoulos, Robert A Parker, Diane Kanjilal, Lilly Fernandes, Francesca Caramazza, Ingrid V Bassett, Kevin L Ard
{"title":"\"I'm a really hard stick\": barriers, facilitators, and preferences in emergency department HIV testing among people who inject drugs.","authors":"Matthew A Adan, Christina Psaros, Laura Kehoe, Wendy L Macias-Konstantopoulos, Robert A Parker, Diane Kanjilal, Lilly Fernandes, Francesca Caramazza, Ingrid V Bassett, Kevin L Ard","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2536183","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2536183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suffolk County, Massachusetts is an Ending the HIV Epidemic priority area with an ongoing cluster of HIV transmission among people who inject drugs, many of whom accessed care in emergency departments prior to diagnosis but were not offered HIV testing. Emergency-department-based HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis initiation have thus become local public health priorities. We conducted a content analysis of in-depth interviews with 26 people who inject drugs recruited from a substance use disorder clinic in Suffolk County serving people who received initial care in the emergency department. Interview questions investigated acceptability, barriers, and facilitators to HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis initiation in the emergency department for people who inject drugs. Mean age was 38y (SD 9.4); 62% were male, with 69% identifying as white and 27% as Latinx. We identified five themes: 1) Support for emergency-department-based HIV testing, 2) Need for multimodal HIV testing, 3) Creating a safe and supportive environment, 4) Pre-exposure prophylaxis misconceptions, and 5) Addressing competing priorities. People who inject drugs are supportive of HIV testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis initiation in emergency departments but acknowledge reasons for declining. Possible modifications to increase acceptance include offering multiple HIV testing modalities and creating safe, confidential spaces to discuss testing and pre-exposure prophylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1640-1651"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12351662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gavin George, Nonjabulo Gwala, Kate Bergh, Catherine Mathews, Kim Jonas
{"title":"Determining the sexual health risks for adolescent girls and young women engaging in a transactional relationship with a Blesser.","authors":"Gavin George, Nonjabulo Gwala, Kate Bergh, Catherine Mathews, Kim Jonas","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2562236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2025.2562236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined how relationships with a Blesser, a form of transactional partner, along with age-disparate men, affect sexual health risks among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in South Africa. Using data from a cross-sectional survey of 4932 AGYW aged 15-24 conducted between February and May 2024 across eight provinces, we explored links to HIV, adolescent pregnancy, intimate partner violence (IPV), and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). About 5.7% reported a recent relationship with a Blesser, and 25.8% had an age-disparate partner. AGYW involved with both were significantly more likely to be HIV positive, experience IPV, have an STI diagnosis, and among adolescents, be pregnant. Specifically, combined relationships increased odds of HIV (AOR: 1.31), IPV (AOR: 1.87), STI (AOR: 1.55), and adolescent pregnancy (AOR: 1.66). These findings underscore how transactional and age-disparate partnerships heighten AGYW's vulnerability to the intertwined risks of HIV, pregnancy, and violence. Interventions must address the social and economic factors driving such relationships and equip AGYW to make safer choices, highlighting the critical need for comprehensive, context-sensitive programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145201699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ronald A Brooks, Elena Rosenberg-Carlson, Omar Nieto, Dilara K Üsküp, Martin Santillan
{"title":"Developing implementation strategies to enhance PrEP delivery to immigrant Latino men who have sex with men using concept mapping.","authors":"Ronald A Brooks, Elena Rosenberg-Carlson, Omar Nieto, Dilara K Üsküp, Martin Santillan","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2534530","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2534530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the United States, immigrant Latino men who have sex with men (ILMSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention strategy; however, ILMSM experience barriers to accessing PrEP. To address these barriers, we used concept mapping to identify and prioritize innovative and culturally centered strategies to improve service delivery to ILMSM in Los Angeles County. Community experts brainstormed strategies to enhance delivery to ILMSM. Next, they consolidated the strategies into groups of like strategies, and rated each strategy by relative importance and feasibility. In total, 19 participants created 80 unique implementation strategies, which were sorted into seven clusters of like strategies. The strategy rated most important involved providing immediate access to and enrollment in PrEP services for ILMSM using approaches such as same-day services and walk-in clinics. The two strategies equally rated as most feasible centered on providing education and information to ILMSM about key topics relevant to their PrEP access, including PrEP services, other STI prevention options, healthcare and immigrant rights. The proposed strategies can be considered by County and community-based agencies alike to inform the existing PrEP service delivery system or development of a differentiated service delivery model to better serve ILMSM.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1732-1743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachelle A Reid, Michael Robinson, Reyanna St Juste, Ashley Yankulin, Devina Boga, Victoria Petrulla, Hannah Crosby, Cayla Midy, Jordan Patrick, Layomi Adeojo, Kayla Etienne, Mya Wright, Naysha Shahid, Peyton Willie, C Mindy Nelson, Steven Safren, Gail Ironson, Allan Rodriguez, Daniel J Feaster, Ian A Wright, Sannisha K Dale
{"title":"Linear growth modeling of religious coping and social support among Black women living with HIV in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Rachelle A Reid, Michael Robinson, Reyanna St Juste, Ashley Yankulin, Devina Boga, Victoria Petrulla, Hannah Crosby, Cayla Midy, Jordan Patrick, Layomi Adeojo, Kayla Etienne, Mya Wright, Naysha Shahid, Peyton Willie, C Mindy Nelson, Steven Safren, Gail Ironson, Allan Rodriguez, Daniel J Feaster, Ian A Wright, Sannisha K Dale","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2534537","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2534537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among Black women living with HIV (BWLWH) the current study aimed to quantitatively assess changes in religious coping and social support over time via linear growth modeling (LGM). BWLWH (N = 276) provided longitudinal survey data on demographics, religious coping, and social support across fourteen study visits (between 2019 and 2024) at three-month intervals in the Southeastern United States. Religious coping and social support mean scores fluctuated over time and were relatively high at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. LGM showed that religious coping significantly increased over time for participants with high religious coping at baseline, while social support's change over time was not statistically significant. Findings may inform clinical practice by providing data that demonstrates the dynamic (vs static) nature of religious coping especially in the temporal context of COVID-19. Future research may expand knowledge on religious coping among BWLWH and may be used to enhance interventions for BWLWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1811-1823"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144754909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paula Debroy, Gabriella Go, Roger Bedimo, Jordan E Lake
{"title":"Underestimation of body mass index and weight misperception are common in people with HIV.","authors":"Paula Debroy, Gabriella Go, Roger Bedimo, Jordan E Lake","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2568104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2025.2568104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is increasingly prevalent in people with HIV (PWH) and associated with multiple metabolic derangements. Understanding body weight perceptions and discrepancies with actual body weight is an important step for better weight management interventions. The Silhouette Figure Rating Scale (SFRS) was used to assess self-perception of body weight and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) was used to rate body image concerns among participants in a low-income multiethnic HIV clinic in Houston, Texas. Of 202 participants, 60% underestimated their body mass index (BMI) category. A desired overweight silhouette was chosen by 30% of participants and an obese silhouette was desired by 7%. Only 2% of PWH and obesity perceived themselves as being obese and most (60%) were unconcerned with their current body weight. These findings highlight the importance of individualized weight loss strategies in PWH, taking into consideration desired body image.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jéssica Fernanda Correa Cordeiro, Jeferson Roberto Collevatti Dos Anjos, Lucimere Bohn, Joana Bilhadori, Chimenny Auluã Lascas Cardoso de Moraes, Allyne Andaki, Edmar Lacerda Mendes, Jorge Mota, Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado, Igor Massari Correia, André Pereira Dos Santos
{"title":"The influence of physical activity on sleep quality in people living with HIV: A scoping review.","authors":"Jéssica Fernanda Correa Cordeiro, Jeferson Roberto Collevatti Dos Anjos, Lucimere Bohn, Joana Bilhadori, Chimenny Auluã Lascas Cardoso de Moraes, Allyne Andaki, Edmar Lacerda Mendes, Jorge Mota, Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado, Igor Massari Correia, André Pereira Dos Santos","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2490656","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2490656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To map the evidence on the effects of physical activity on sleep quality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO Sport Discus/CINAHL, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Additionally, Google Scholar and OpenGrey servers were checked. There were no language or publication year restrictions for the search. Primary studies that evaluated the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality in PLHIV were included. Two researchers performed the analysis and selection of studies independently, following established criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies were included, covering experimental, cross-sectional, and cohort studies. The results suggest that physical activity is associated with reduced sleep latency, longer sleep duration, and overall improvements in sleep efficiency and subjective perception of sleep quality. These results indicate that exercise-based interventions can be incorporated as complementary strategies to improve sleep in this population. However, methodological variability limits the generalization of the results. Future studies should focus on longitudinal designs and standardized assessment methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adequate physical activity levels appear to positively influence sleep quality in PLHIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1614-1625"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hay Mar Su Lwin, Win Min Han, Man Po Lee, Rossana Ditangco, Jun Yong Choi, Reena Rajasuriar, Jeremy Ross, Iris Chan, Maria Isabel Echanis Melgar, Jung Ho Kim, Meng Li Chong, Boondarika Petersen, Anchalee Avihingsanon
{"title":"Factors associated with HIV-related stigma among adults living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in the Asia-Pacific region.","authors":"Hay Mar Su Lwin, Win Min Han, Man Po Lee, Rossana Ditangco, Jun Yong Choi, Reena Rajasuriar, Jeremy Ross, Iris Chan, Maria Isabel Echanis Melgar, Jung Ho Kim, Meng Li Chong, Boondarika Petersen, Anchalee Avihingsanon","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2534536","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2534536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People with HIV (PWH) continue to experience stigma across community, social, and healthcare settings, yet data from the Aisa-Pacific region remains limited. We conducted a cross-sectional study at five HIV clinics in Hong Kong SAR, Malaysia, the Philippines, South Korea, and Thailand from July 2019 to June 2020 to assess HIV-related stigma and associated factors. Perceived stigma was measured using the 40-item Berger's HIV Stigma Scale. Depression, substance use, and disability were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test, and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, respectively. Of 864 participants (88% male, median age 39 years), 97% were on ART, and 5.7% had HIV viral load >1000 copies/mL. Males reported significantly higher stigma score than females (mean 97.5 vs 90.7 ). In the multivariate analysis, higher stigma was associated with older age (difference = 5.3for age 40-50; 3.1 for >50 years vs ≤30 years), moderate to severe depression (+14.3), disability (+6.8), and HIV non-disclosure (+21.2), while being female was associated with lower stigma (-4.6). These findings underscore the high burden of stigma among PWH in the region and highlight the need for integrated stigma screening and interventions addressing mental health, disclosure, and disability in HIV care.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1626-1639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12490862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144734032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alyson Nunez, Marguerite Curtis, Milagros Wong, Kristin A Kosyluk, Jerome T Galea, Molly F Franke, Renato A Errea
{"title":"Change targets, messaging, and content delivery for a community-engaged social media campaign addressing HIV-related stigma in Peru: a qualitative study.","authors":"Alyson Nunez, Marguerite Curtis, Milagros Wong, Kristin A Kosyluk, Jerome T Galea, Molly F Franke, Renato A Errea","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2542312","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09540121.2025.2542312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitigating stigma related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is critical to improving HIV outcomes and achieving global HIV targets. We conducted formative community-engaged research to identify key characteristics of a social media campaign to address HIV-related stigma among youth in Lima, Peru. Focus groups and in-depth interviews with young people living with HIV (men who have sex with men, transgender women, sex workers, persons with perinatally-acquired HIV, cisgender women, and Venezuelan migrants), HIV advocates, and healthcare providers were conducted from November 2022 to July 2023. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed for emergent themes using framework analysis. Two change targets were identified for campaign messaging: (1) changing how HIV and people living with HIV (PLWH) are perceived and (2) changing attitudes and actions towards PLWH. Messages aligning with the first change target included education to raise awareness that HIV does not discriminate; HIV is a chronic, treatable condition; and \"undetectable equals untransmittable\" (U = U). Messages aligning with the second target included normalizing open conversations about HIV, encouraging support versus pity for PLWH, fostering unity among HIV-affected communities, and promoting inclusion of PLWH. Participants provided recommendations to achieve these messaging objectives, including how, to whom, and by whom messages are delivered.</p>","PeriodicalId":48370,"journal":{"name":"Aids Care-Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of Aids/hiv","volume":" ","pages":"1706-1717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12360481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}