Journal of Human Resources最新文献

{"title":"Parental Education and the Responses to Higher SAT Scores","authors":"Georg Graetz, Björn Öckert, O. N. Skans","doi":"10.3368/jhr.0420-10824r2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.0420-10824r2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77806146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Do Mass Shootings Affect Community Wellbeing?","authors":"Aparna Soni, Erdal Tekin","doi":"10.3368/jhr.1220-11385r1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.1220-11385r1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> Over the past four decades, mass shootings have caused at least 1,000 deaths and 1,500 injuries in the US, but little is known about how these tragedies influence people beyond those directly affected. This study uses nationally representative data from the Gallup-Healthways survey to assess spillover effects of mass shootings on individuals’ community and emotional wellbeing. Leveraging differences in the timing of mass shootings across counties between 2008-2016, we find that these incidents reduce community and emotional wellbeing for at least three months post-shooting. Mass shootings have high societal costs and create adverse effects that extend beyond those immediately exposed.","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135494131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication of Postpartum Depression and Maternal Outcomes","authors":"Janet Currie, E. Zwiers","doi":"10.3368/jhr.1021-11986r1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.1021-11986r1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87141251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Power of Lakshmi","authors":"Nabaneeta Biswas, C. Cornwell, Lori Zimmermann","doi":"10.3368/jhr.1021-11963r2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.1021-11963r2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84802293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Gender Wage Gap Influence Intimate Partner Violence in Brazil?","authors":"Elizaveta Perova, Sarah Reynolds, Ian Schmutte","doi":"10.3368/jhr.0421-11603r4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.0421-11603r4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> Greater gender equality in wages may reduce Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) by improving women’s economic opportunities and enabling them to leave abusive relationships. On the other hand, increases in women’s income may trigger use of violence as an extractive mechanism or as an alternative way to assert superiority for men once economic superiority was challenged. Using panel data from Brazil, we test if the gender wage ratio influences IPV as measured in three types of administrative data: homicides, overnight hospitalizations for assault, and mandatory reports of IPV by health care providers. More wage equality leads to a reduction in violence against women in settings where income is likely to be a binding constraint for leaving abusive relationship: in low-income settings and among younger women.","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135558221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The High Stakes of Bad Exams","authors":"J. Rossiter, M. Abreh, Aisha Ali, J. Sandefur","doi":"10.3368/jhr.0621-11739r1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.0621-11739r1","url":null,"abstract":"Each year two million secondary-school students across West Africa sit coordinated exams. Pass rates fluctuate enormously, fueling speculation about cheating and short-term policy changes. To investigate these hypotheses, we construct hybrid exams containing items spanning 2011-2019 and administer these to 4,380 students. Exam difficulty alone explains 80 percent of pass rate fluctuations in Ghana, while additional factors remain influential in Nigeria and elsewhere. Half of the candidates who failed mathematics in 2015 would have passed in 2019. Model based estimates imply that improving exam comparability would increase the Mincerian return to skills among secondary school graduates by 6 percentage points. JEL Classification: I25, I26, J24, O15, O55 * Jack Rossiter, Center for Global Development (jrossiter@cgdev.org). Might Kojo Abreh, Institute for Educational Planning and Administration, University of Cape Coast. Aisha Ali, Center for Global Development. Justin Sandefur, Center for Global Development. The data used in this article are available online: Rossiter et al. 2023. \"Replication Data for: The High Stakes of Bad Exams\". Harvard Dataverse. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/VM5BOQ. Our particular thanks to Francis Amedahe and seminar participants from the West African Exams Council. We thank Abdel Fuseini, Allan Barku, Baaba Sampson, Clemence Ayekple, Cyprian Ekow, Francis Ansah, James Amoateng, and Rita Denning who provided excellent research support. We also thank Abhijeet Singh, Alexis Le Nestour, Barbara Bruns, Caine Rolleston, Newman Burdett, William Smith, and anonymous referees for their helpful comments. The views expressed here should not be attributed to the Center for Global Development, the Institute for Educational Planning and Administration, or their funders. All errors are our own. This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA [grant number OPP1198125]. Other support summing to $10,000 in the past three years: Rossiter, Asian Development Bank, Echidna Giving, UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office; Abreh, none; Ali, none; Sandefur, Asian Development Bank, Centre for Effective Altruism, Echidna Giving, UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, Pousaz Philanthropies, World Bank Group. No party had the right to review the paper prior to its circulation. IRB approval: University of Cape Coast Institutional Review Board, UCCIRB/EXT/2019/37. doi:10.3368/jhr.0621-11739R1 This open access article is distributed under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0) and is freely available online at: http://jhr.uwpress.org by g ue st o n Ju ly 1 8, 2 02 3. C op yr ig ht 2 02 3 D ow nl oa de d fr om","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85134463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Knox Achieved","authors":"Celeste K. Carruthers, W. Fox, Christopher Jepsen","doi":"10.3368/jhr.1220-11359r2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.1220-11359r2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85864438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Capital Development","authors":"Mark Mitchell, Marta Favara, Catherine Porter, Alan Sánchez","doi":"10.3368/jhr.1120-11342r1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.1120-11342r1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> We estimate a dynamic model of socio-emotional skill development between ages 8-22 for a Peruvian cohort born in 1994. At age eight there is no wealth gradient, in contrast to cognitive skills. However, by age 12 inequalities emerge and widen through age 19, driven by differential household investments, and cross-productivity with cognitive skills. In early adulthood, we separate socio-emotional skills into two distinct domains – social skills and task effectiveness – that evolve differently, and are differently correlated with risky behaviors such as smoking or taking drugs. Unequal initial household resources perpetuate inequality across generations through cognitive and task effectiveness skills.","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135494132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Too Scared for School? Effects of Terrorism on Students’ Achievement","authors":"Adi Shany","doi":"10.3368/jhr.0721-11759r1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.0721-11759r1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81236515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Fraternity Moratoriums on Alcohol Offenses and Sexual Assaults","authors":"M. Topper","doi":"10.3368/jhr.0722-12422r1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.0722-12422r1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48346,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Resources","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77199749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}