{"title":"Virtual Influencers in Consumer Behaviour: A Social Influence Theory Perspective","authors":"Dinara Davlembayeva, Simos Chari, Savvas Papagiannidis","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12839","url":null,"abstract":"Although virtual influencers, that is, computer‐generated personas, have been a growing trend in marketing, we still know very little about their impact on consumers’ attitudes and behaviour. To bridge this gap, this study: (a) explores individuals’ acceptance of influences induced by virtual influencers and (b) investigates how influence acceptance translates into behaviour. Drawing on Social Influence Theory, we first conducted a comprehensive literature review to extract the key attributes of virtual influencers (i.e. warmth, relatedness, interactivity, competence, empathy, uniqueness, fairness and credibility) as enablers of engagement that can determine influence acceptance. Then, based on 601 survey responses and using a fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis, we analysed the associations between the enablers of engagement, influence acceptance processes (i.e. compliance, identification and internalization) and behavioural responses (purchase intention and behaviour adoption). Our findings highlight various sets of virtual influencer attributes that lead to high degrees of compliance, identification and internalization, and behavioural responses. We contribute to the influencer literature by explaining the causes of the persuasiveness of virtual influencers and their effectiveness in stimulating behaviour. Our study also offers practical insights into how brand managers can leverage virtual influencers in online marketing strategies.","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert Newbery, Kevin McKague, Pablo Muñoz, Jonathan Kimmitt
{"title":"Reconceptualizing Franchisee Performance: A Configurational Approach in a Base‐of‐the‐Pyramid Context","authors":"Robert Newbery, Kevin McKague, Pablo Muñoz, Jonathan Kimmitt","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12826","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes and tests a new conceptual framing for franchisee performance that draws on institutional complexity to explore the interaction of corporate, market, and relational logics of performance. Extant research draws on corporate and market logics to explain performance; however, this does not explain individual franchisee performance in complex institutional environments such as Base‐of‐the‐Pyramid (BoP) markets where relational logics may be more important, thereby limiting explanations of how franchisee outlets perform. Drawing on data from a network of 58 franchise outlets in the context of Kenya, we conduct a configurational analysis related to sales outcomes. We leverage fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to map out the conditions under which franchisees exhibit higher sales performance. Results show that three distinct configurations can lead to increased sales performance. Our results paint a nuanced picture of combinations of factors that result in franchisee success with relevance to the BoP context and beyond.","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martina Battisti, J. Jeffrey Gish, Isabella Hatak, Haibo Zhou
{"title":"Establishing a Recovery Menu to Increase the Resilience of Entrepreneurs","authors":"Martina Battisti, J. Jeffrey Gish, Isabella Hatak, Haibo Zhou","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12827","url":null,"abstract":"Building on the Effort Recovery Model and Conservation of Resources Theory, this study provides new theoretical and empirical insights into how entrepreneurs increase their resilience by engaging in recovery experiences. Employing a longitudinal repeated survey design applied to 346 entrepreneurs, our findings reveal that control is the only recovery experience that directly influences resilience. We also uncover more complex indirect pathways through positive reappraisal and sleep. Overall, the study demonstrates that each recovery experience has a unique relationship with resilience, allowing us to theorize potential underlying mechanisms for how recovery translates into resilience. We offer practical suggestions for effective interventions addressing the recovery paradox in entrepreneurship during times of change and uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Outbound Profit Shifting and the Propensity to Engage in Cross‐Border Acquisitions","authors":"Janja A. Tardios, L. Jeremy Clegg","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12825","url":null,"abstract":"Accountability‐avoiding foreign direct investment (FDI) is a category of financial motives explaining where firms invest and how, yet our grasp of this phenomenon is incomplete. In contrast with tax‐haven FDI, where multinational enterprises (MNEs) invest in a host country to pursue inbound profit shifting, we consider a novel motive – FDI attracted by low host country financial transparency that enables outbound profit shifting (OPS). Cross‐border acquisitions (CBAs) are a takeover route to achieving OPS and global tax optimization. Our empirical context is 39,951 CBAs by 315 acquirers from 26 countries in the 1996–2015 period. We hypothesize and empirically show a positive relationship between OPS and CBAs and the probability that equity ownership of CBAs will be high. We find that the relationship between OPS and CBAs is stronger the more attractive or income unequal the host market, or when the multinational's industry is vertically or horizontally integrated. We attribute the lack of support for our hypothesis that MNEs require in‐house capability to conduct OPS to tax planning consultancies’ services. These findings highlight the role of low financial transparency as a novel locational determinant of OPS‐pursuing FDI and emphasize the distinction between inbound and outbound profit shifting as manifestations of accountability‐avoiding FDI.","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140840157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generative Artificial Intelligence in Business: Towards a Strategic Human Resource Management Framework","authors":"Soumyadeb Chowdhury, Pawan Budhwar, Geoffrey Wood","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12824","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8551.12824","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As businesses and society navigate the potentials of generative artificial intelligence (GAI), the integration of these technologies introduces unique challenges and opportunities for human resources, requiring a re-evaluation of human resource management (HRM) frameworks. The existing frameworks may often fall short of capturing the novel attributes, complexities and impacts of GAI on workforce dynamics and organizational operations. This paper proposes a strategic HRM framework, underpinned by the theory of institutional entrepreneurship for sustainable organizations, for integrating GAI within HRM practices to boost operational efficiency, foster innovation and secure a competitive advantage through responsible practices and workforce development. Central to this framework is the alignment with existing business objectives, seizing opportunities, strategic resource assessment and orchestration, re-institutionalization, realignment and embracing a culture of continuous learning and adaptation. This approach provides a detailed roadmap for organizations to navigate successfully the complexities of a GAI-enhanced business environment. Additionally, this paper significantly contributes to the theoretical discourse by bridging the gap between HRM and GAI adoption, the proposed framework accounting for GAI–human capital symbiosis, setting the stage for future research to empirically test its applicability, explore its implications on HRM practices and understand its broader economic and societal consequences through diverse multi-disciplinary and multi-level research methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"35 4","pages":"1680-1691"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8551.12824","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140572852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unlocking Social Media Success: How Prosumers Drive Brand Engagement through Authentic Conversations with Consumers","authors":"Suresh Malodia, Raffaele Filieri, Tobias Otterbring, Amandeep Dhir","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12823","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8551.12823","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This research examines whether prosumer-generated (vs. firm-generated) content fosters consumer engagement through content relevance and perceived content sponsorship. Four between-subjects experiments (<i>N</i> = 1048) show that prosumer-led (vs. firm-led) conversations, mediated by perceived content sponsorship and content relevance, generate higher engagement. Furthermore, consumer engagement increases significantly when prosumers share hedonic content and disclose information about their identity. A fifth study, a qualitative investigation with brand managers and marketing practitioners, further validates and extends these findings, providing nuanced insights in the form of four prosumer-led engagement strategies for consumer engagement. These strategies have practical implications for companies seeking to leverage prosumers in social media marketing. Together, the current work broadens the research scope of prosumers from content co-creators to drivers of brand engagement, while revealing the factors that increase the effectiveness of prosumer-led social media content. Specifically, this research suggests that content type and authenticity are fundamental criteria for choosing a prosumer to engage social media brand followers. From a managerial viewpoint, the findings indicate that companies should identify, connect, and engage with online prosumers, as they will actively contribute towards improving consumer engagement levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"35 4","pages":"2197-2212"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8551.12823","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140572823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Antonio Rodríguez-Sanz, Eleuterio Vallelado, Pilar Velasco
{"title":"Escaping Zombiness: Does Corporate Governance Have the Elixir of Life?","authors":"Juan Antonio Rodríguez-Sanz, Eleuterio Vallelado, Pilar Velasco","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12822","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8551.12822","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the influence of corporate governance on firms’ transition into and out of zombiness. We underscore the beneficial role of external members in the corporate governance structure and long-tenured chief executive officers (CEOs) in facilitating access to the external resources that firms need to be successful. Using a sample of European listed firms over the period 2008–2018, we adopt a dynamic view of zombiness by identifying shifts in the state from zombie to non-zombie and vice versa. The results show that board independence is a twofold panacea against zombies, prompting zombie recovery and preventing healthy firms from becoming zombies. By contrast, leadership independence, materialized by separating the CEO and chairperson roles, hampers the recovery of zombies, probably because the cost of lacking unified leadership may exceed the benefits of external dependence minimization. Finally, the results suggest that longer CEO tenure helps healthy firms avoid zombiness. When considering a broader array of stakeholders, government bailout programmes impair zombie recovery, and stronger trade unions help healthy firms escape zombiness. Overall, this study brings a ray of hope to the zombie problem and provides a better appraisal of when supporting zombies might be worthwhile vis-à-vis saving promising firms and bringing them back to life.</p>","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"35 4","pages":"2174-2196"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8551.12822","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140297801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel Bocquet, Gaëlle Cotterlaz-Rannard, Michel Ferrary
{"title":"How Do Prestigious Universities Remain at the Summit: A Bourdieusian View of their Business Models","authors":"Rachel Bocquet, Gaëlle Cotterlaz-Rannard, Michel Ferrary","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12819","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8551.12819","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates how the specificity of a university business model supports the dominance and persistence of a handful of elite non-profit universities, while considering the implications this phenomenon has on social responsibility. Despite their longstanding positions at the top of academia for over four decades, these universities often struggle to actively embrace social mobility, diversity and inclusion. The existing literature on business models lacks a comprehensive conceptualization that captures the ability of some institutions to establish and maintain their domination within non-economic fields, such as higher education. Drawing on Bourdieu's framework and a unique dataset comprising 192 private non-profit American universities, the study uncovers two fundamental mechanisms of accumulation and conversion of forms of capital (economic, social, cultural and symbolic) behind the perpetuation of dominance among non-profit universities. This research contributes to both business model and higher education studies by introducing a novel conceptual tool for investigating the business models of non-profit universities. Important managerial and social implications, including a call for leading non-profit universities to enact socially responsible and diversifying measures, follows.</p>","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"35 4","pages":"2122-2136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8551.12819","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140297805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Leadership of Refusal: Remaking the Narrative of the Falling Leader","authors":"Emma Bell, Amanda Sinclair, Sheena J. Vachhani","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12820","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8551.12820","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The metaphor of the glass cliff is used to describe patterns whereby women are more likely to be selected for challenging leadership positions that have a higher risk of failure. This paper explores how the glass cliff metaphor contributes to a narrative of woman's fall that individualizes a leader's responsibility to avoid risks that may lead to failure. As an alternative, we introduce the leadership of refusal as a feminist resource for remaking the narrative of woman's fall. Refusal is understood as an embodied political and ethical stance that declines to recognize, rather than resists or simply opposes, masculine leadership norms. Through analysis of how three women leaders were represented by the media, former Australian Prime Minister, Julia Gillard, former Australian of the Year, Grace Tame, and climate change activist, Greta Thunberg, we analyse key moments of refusal where these leaders breached the masculine order through their embodied performances. We argue that leadership of refusal enables an understanding of how women leaders exercise power in agentic, non-sacrificial ways. We therefore urge leadership researchers to position refusal centrally, because first saying no in order to take risks towards achieving transformative action is, we suggest, a defining feature of leadership.</p>","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"35 4","pages":"2137-2154"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8551.12820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140205461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do Digital Technologies Enable Firms that Prioritize Sustainability Goals to Innovate? Empirical Evidence from Established UK Micro-businesses","authors":"Halima Jibril, Effie Kesidou, Stephen Roper","doi":"10.1111/1467-8551.12821","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1467-8551.12821","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper examines the importance of sustainability within firms’ strategic goals and its links with innovation in the context of micro-businesses. Micro-businesses provide an appropriate context for investigating this relationship because, while they tend to prioritize social and environmental goals, they are also more likely to confront resource constraints that can restrict their capability to innovate. Building on goal-setting theory and the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm, we explore under what conditions established micro-businesses that prioritize <i>sustainability goals</i> are more likely to <i>innovate</i>. Using novel survey data on 4649 established micro-businesses in the UK, we examine the enabling role of <i>digital technologies</i>. Our results suggest that owner-managers who prioritize sustainability goals are significantly more likely to generate new product and process innovations. Moreover, we find that this effect is stronger when micro-businesses adopt digital technologies. Digital technologies enhance the capabilities of micro-businesses, strengthening the connection between sustainability goals and product and process innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48342,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Management","volume":"35 4","pages":"2155-2173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8551.12821","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140146634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}