American Journal of Occupational Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Public Health Critical Race Praxis in Maternal Health Occupational Therapy: A Framework for Race-Conscious Research and Intervention.","authors":"Jordan C W Major, Vanessa Jewell, Stefanie C Bodison","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.050990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2025.050990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This column explores the integration of the Public Health Critical Race Praxis (PHCRP) framework into maternal health occupational therapy to address racial disparities and enhance health care outcomes. The PHCRP framework provides a race-conscious methodology for examining the intersection of race, health, and systemic inequities, making its application in occupational therapy research and practice essential amid the U.S. maternal health crisis, which disproportionately affects Black birthing individuals. We highlight occupational therapy practitioners' responsibilities, emphasizing race-conscious research, culturally informed and responsive interventions, and advocacy for equitable maternal health care policies. By leveraging the PHCRP framework, occupational therapy can take a transformative approach to address the root causes of maternal health disparities, dismantle systemic health care barriers, and improve Black maternal health outcomes. This column intentionally adopts inclusive language to recognize the diverse identities of those who give birth. We use terms such as birthing individuals and mothering to acknowledge the diverse identities, pregnancy, and childbirth experiences of all birthing individuals. Research indicates that these individuals navigate distinct experiences and may prefer gender-affirming terminology, such as transman, nonbinary, or parent, to mitigate gender dysphoria (Kukura, 2022). This inclusive approach is essential for promoting equitable, culturally affirming care because it acknowledges the additional layers of bias, discrimination, and racial inequity often experienced by non-female-identified birthing individuals. Through this lens, we aim to center diverse experiences and advocate for an occupational therapy practice that actively challenges systemic inequities and fosters equitable maternal health care. Positionality Statement (Jordan C. W. Major): As a biracial Black-White, English-speaking, cisgender, heterosexual female with an invisible disability who was born and raised in the United States, my intersectional identity profoundly shapes my perspective, allowing me to uniquely address the nuances of racial, health, and maternal issues in health care. I am an occupational therapy practitioner currently pursuing a PhD in rehabilitation science, studying the impact of type 1 diabetes on Black maternal health. My lived experiences and academic background afford me the opportunity to center the experiences of Black mothers and birthing people through a race-conscious lens and call on my occupational therapy colleagues to do the same.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Intersectionality Informs Occupational Therapy Practice, Education, and Research: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Diane L Smith, Alesia Ford, Helina Samson","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.050970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2025.050970","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Lack of consideration of intersectionality by occupational therapy practitioners, faculty, and researchers can result in inequities experienced by students and clients served.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine how intersectionality is represented in the scholarly literature used to inform occupational therapy practice, research, and education.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data sources: &lt;/strong&gt;A comprehensive database that includes CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study selection and data collection: &lt;/strong&gt;Inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2023, written in English, and pertinent to the research question. The review used Covidence database and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, resulting in 36 articles identified as meeting all criteria. Any discrepancies were resolved through discussion among the authors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings: &lt;/strong&gt;A data abstraction chart was developed, and analysis resulted in themes of education, practice, and research with specific subthemes. Findings revealed that the lack of an intersectional approach in education is often viewed negatively by diverse students, who experience a lack of belonging. Suggested strategies focused on reducing isolation and revising curricula to reflect student diversity. Intersectional issues in practice showed access disparities and a lack of occupational participation for diverse clients. Suggested strategies included consideration of the multilayered identities of clients using cultural humility and consideration of context. Strategies for research focused on using a collaborative approach to represent the intersectional lived experience of diverse populations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Despite limited studies, intersectionality was identified as a lens for occupational therapy educators, practitioners, and researchers and as an important strategy to address issues faced by diverse students, resulting in more effective client-centered care. Plain-Language Summary: This study reviewed literature from occupational therapy and other health professions to determine how the concept of intersectionality is used to inform practice, education, and research. The study is needed because common Western-based practice is based on an individual, White, upper-middle class, able-bodied, cisgender perspective, which does not match the demographics or needs of clients. Results show that the intersectional identities of students and clients are often not being considered. Literature is emerging to provide educational, practice, and research strategies to address the diverse needs of occupational therapy students and clients by identifying and considering multiple and intersectional identities and the effect of context. The results challenge occupational therapy educators, practitioners, and researchers to consid","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Therapy Practitioners' and Students' Experiences of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion: An International Scoping Review.","authors":"Celine Rachel Serrano-Diaz, Justin Newton Scanlan, Lynn V Monrouxe","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.050838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2025.050838","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;The evolution of theory and practice in occupational therapy has been dominated by the perspectives of White, middle-class, English-speaking practitioners. The lack of diversity among occupational therapists may harm both client care and minority practitioners in the field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the inclusion and belonging experiences of minoritized occupational therapy practitioners and students internationally.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Data sources: &lt;/strong&gt;A scoping review explored articles published between January 2010 and July 2022 using six journal databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Ovid ERIC, and PsycINFO). An updated search was completed using Litmaps and Google Scholar to check for articles published between August 2022 and May 2024. Study Selection and Data Collection Demographic and content codes were inductively developed and data managed via Covidence, EndNote, and NVivo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Thirty-one studies across 17 journals highlighted four distinct minoritized groups (some study criteria included multiple identities): culturally and linguistically diverse people (n = 16), people with disabilities (n = 8), LGBTQ+ individuals (n = 8), and First Nations people (n = 2). Four themes were identified: (1) negotiating a normative cultural context, (2) feeling a sense of belonging, (3) interacting with clients, and (4) fostering equity and inclusion.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Minoritized groups face trade-offs between personal safety and cultural identity because institutions undervalue diversity, underscoring the need for systemic change. Occupational therapists sometimes tolerate mistreatment, emphasizing the need for policies that protect client and therapist dignity. Globally, the occupational therapy profession can improve inclusivity and reduce exclusion in education and practice by enhancing representation and promoting culturally safe work and educational environments. Plain-Language Summary: This study looked at how minority occupational therapists and students around the world experience inclusion and belonging in their profession. Researchers reviewed 31 studies published between 2010 and 2024 that focused on different minority groups, including culturally and linguistically diverse people, people with disabilities, LGBTQ+ individuals, and First Nations people. The research revealed that minority practitioners often struggle to fit into a profession largely shaped by White, middle-class, English-speaking perspectives. They sometimes face difficult choices between staying true to their cultural identity and feeling safe at work. Many experience challenges in feeling like they belong and sometimes endure unfair treatment. The findings suggest that the occupational therapy profession needs major changes to become more inclusive, including increasing diversity among practitioners and creating safer workplaces and education","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dismantling Occupational Therapy Provider Licensure Barriers for Individuals Who Are Underdocumented.","authors":"Kyle O'Brien, Heather Kuhaneck","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.051012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2025.051012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occupational therapy profession faces critical workforce shortages, and the demand for services to meet the needs of diverse communities continues to rise. Underdocumented individuals represent a diverse pool of potential practitioners who face barriers to licensure if they pursue a career in occupational therapy. Despite being eligible for occupational therapy education and the National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy exam, inconsistent state licensure requirements, which often mandate a Social Security number (SSN), pose a significant barrier to licensure and employment. We examine the challenges underdocumented individuals encounter in pursuing occupational therapy education and careers and argue for removing such barriers to enable them to become licensed practitioners. Addressing these barriers could diversify the workforce, enhance access to culturally responsive care, and alleviate shortages in underserved areas. We propose six actionable steps for the profession: (1) investigating and clarifying state licensure requirements; (2) ensuring accurate information dissemination to the public and students; (3) advocating for inclusive licensure policies, such as accepting Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers instead of SSNs; (4) addressing inconsistencies in reciprocity agreements across states; (5) funding research to better understand workforce demographics and needs; and (6) advocating for increased tuition equity and scholarship opportunities. By fostering an inclusive pathway to licensure and embracing diversity in cultural backgrounds, languages, and life experiences, the occupational therapy profession can become a meaningful career option for underdocumented individuals who can contribute to the development of a more resilient and representative workforce to effectively serve diverse populations and address health disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersectional Stigma and Occupational Engagement Among Racialized Higher Education Students: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Nikhil Tomar, Ryan Gibson, Kathryne Brewer, Nicholas Mian","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.050984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2025.050984","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Intersectional stigma of mental illness and race/ethnicity is a persistent determinant of the growing mental health care disparities among students in the United States. It is also the foundation on which concerns of inclusion and belonging are experienced, warranting scholarship on intersectional stigma and occupational engagement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To examine intersectional stigma and its relationship with occupational engagement among racialized higher education students.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;This study used a qualitative descriptive design with interview methodology, and thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Transcript checks, peer debriefings, and multiple analysts helped strengthen the rigor of the study. Theoretical frameworks included the principle of gradient rationality to examine stigma and the moral economics of occupations framework to examine occupational engagement.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setting: &lt;/strong&gt;Higher education institution. Participants Thirteen racialized students with mental illness were recruited via purposive sampling.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Four themes emerged: identities and their negotiations, mental health journey, intersectional stigma of mental illness and race/ethnicity, and occupational engagement (mental health care and community participation).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;Findings highlight that intersectional stigma and racial/ethnic identity construction are fluid processes instead of fixed attributes and guide occupational engagement. Future research will help occupational therapy practitioners and leaders in efforts to address the growing public mental health crisis. Plain-Language Summary: This study highlights that concerns related to belonging and inclusion among racialized students with mental illness are experienced through the intersectional stigma of mental illness and race/ethnicity. Understanding intersectional stigma also allows practitioners and scholars to better inform and implement culturally sensitive care within mental health care settings. Positionality Statement: This research was conducted by a team of interdisciplinary multiracial researchers. This research was initiated by Nikhil Tomar, an immigrant scholar of color with a professional background in occupational therapy. The team included researchers from clinical psychology, social work, and sociology. The team included a Black scholar with expertise in race/ethnic identity, a Biracial scholar with expertise in stigma and global mental health, and a White scholar with expertise in children and adolescent mental health. The interdisciplinary nature of this research allowed the authors to challenge conventional wisdom in their respective fields and conduct research in a critical manner. Tomar has expertise in interview methodology and mental health research, which helped him conduct interviews by balancing the needs for participant safety and dat","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culturally Adapting an Occupational Therapy Intervention for Black American Autistic Communities.","authors":"Rachel L Dumont, Lady Rios-Vega, Allison Barrett, Taylor T Sivori, Emily Knell, Joshua Njoroge, Levone Cannady, Roseann C Schaaf","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.050910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2025.050910","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Ayres Sensory Integration® is an evidence-based intervention for autistic children, but there is no culturally responsive adaptation to support Black American autistic children and their families.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To culturally adapt an occupational therapy intervention for Black American families.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;Qualitative study involving focus groups and interviews, using researcher triangulation and member-checking surveys for the trustworthiness of findings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setting: &lt;/strong&gt;Zoom focus groups and interviews.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants: &lt;/strong&gt;Convenience sampling resulted in 12 participants, including Black American parents and caregivers, cultural experts, and occupational therapy practitioners who provide services to Black American autistic children.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;Interviews and focus group discussions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Four parents and caregivers, two cultural experts, and six practitioners participated. Five themes emerged regarding barriers and eight for supports in accessing and utilizing occupational therapy services, including cultural humility knowledge and practices by practitioners and strategies for engaging and incorporating families' culture.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;This study demonstrates the process of culturally adapting an occupational therapy intervention according to relevant literature and the insight and expertise of parents and caregivers, cultural experts, and occupational therapy practitioners. Plain-Language Summary: This project identified challenges and supports for Black American families of autistic children regarding access to and engagement in occupational therapy services. We adapted an occupational therapy intervention to address these challenges and to include recommended supports to guide occupational therapy practitioners to be more culturally responsive and collaborative with Black American families of autistic children throughout the therapeutic process. Positionality Statement: The inclusive term Black American is used to engage people from all cultural and ethnic backgrounds who are a part of the Black and African-American community throughout the United States (Rivera-Figueroa et al., 2022). Also, identity-first terminology and the term autistic are used according to autistic adults' preferences for embracing one's identity (Taboas et al., 2023). The research team consisted of female occupational therapists (Rachel Dumont, Roseann Schaaf, Lady Rios-Vega, and Taylor Sivori, who self-identified as White, White, Latina, and White, respectively); female and male occupational therapy students (Allison Barrett, Emily Knell, and Joshua Njoroge, who self-identified as Asian, White, and Black and White, respectively); and a male focus group facilitator (Levone Cannady, who self-identified as Black). The principal investigator (PI) for this study, Rachel Dum","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation and Quality of Life Among Older Adults: Comparison Study of Ethnic Majority and Minority Groups.","authors":"Haia Khourieh, Haya Fogel-Grinvald, Anat Golos","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.050902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2025.050902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Participation is a central determinant of older adults' health and quality of life (QoL). Examining participation and QoL among older adults from different ethnic groups through an occupational justice lens is vital in occupational therapy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare participation (objective and subjective) and QoL among older adults from two ethnic populations (Arab and Jewish) and to examine the relationships between sociodemographics, health-related variables, and participation with QoL in both groups.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional quantitative and comparative.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Community-dwelling older adults in Israel.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 190 adults ages 65 yr and older (90 Arabs, 100 Jews) who had not been hospitalized in the past month.</p><p><strong>Outcomes and measures: </strong>We used a background questionnaire, the four-item Patient Health Questionnaire for Anxiety and Depression, the Experiencing Day-to-Day Life Questionnaire, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The minority group reported lower education, poorer health, and lower participation and QoL scores compared with the majority group. Making ends meet, education, health-related variables, and participation were significantly correlated with QoL in both groups, with a higher correlation between subjective participation and QoL in the Arab group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Participation and QoL vary among older adults from different ethnic groups, with sociodemographics and health-related variables interconnected in both groups. The findings support the study hypotheses, highlighting the potential role of social factors on participation and the importance of encouraging subjective participation to enhance QoL, especially among minority groups. Further studies among diverse minority groups are recommended. Plain-Language Summary Participation, or involvement in purposeful and meaningful daily activities, is a central determinant of older adults' health and quality of life. This study examined differences in sociodemographics, health, participation, and quality of life among older adults from ethnic majority versus minority groups. The study emphasizes the potential impact of social aspects on participation and the importance of encouraging subjective participation to improve quality of life, especially among minority groups. Developing and tailoring occupational therapy intervention programs that address inequities through the lens of occupational justice can promote participation in meaningful activities and enhance older adults' quality of life, especially among minority groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, Justice, Accessibility, and Belonging in Occupational Therapy Practice and Education.","authors":"Khalilah R Johnson, Razan Hamed, Tyra M Banks, Selena Washington","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.051211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2025.051211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occupational therapy profession is well positioned to play a pivotal role in advancing the health and well-being of communities with different lived experiences. The articles included in this special issue on Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, Justice, Accessibility, and Belonging (DEIJAB) in Occupational Therapy Practice and Education provide a snapshot of research and scholarship aimed at interrogating systems and standards of practice and promote evidence-informed strategies to support the unique concerns of nondominant groups. Specifically, authors take stock of practice trends with these populations; describe processes for developing culturally affirming measures; examine the effectiveness of target-based interventions; and articulate the value of applying DEIJAB principles across practice settings, academic programs, advocacy, and professional leadership. Across all of the articles, scholars call on members of the profession to be critically reflective and actively antiracist and to challenge dominant paradigms to shape the future of practice through education, training, leadership, and community partnership.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feel the Burn, Heal the Burn: Job Crafting and Burnout Among Occupational Therapy Professionals.","authors":"Brittany Lynner, Rosalyn Stoa, Gwenith Fisher, Erika Del Pozo, Ryan Lizerbram","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.050731","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2025.050731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Burnout is common among occupational therapy professionals and associated with poor health and well-being, absenteeism, turnover, and exit from the profession. This study identified specific job titles, job characteristics, and resources related to burnout.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify specific aspects of occupational therapy jobs related to burnout and to investigate job crafting as one approach for reducing burnout.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional survey.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Four hundred occupational therapy professionals from 45 states across the United States.</p><p><strong>Outcomes and measures: </strong>This study investigated the relative importance of job demands (e.g., workload, emotional labor, role ambiguity), job resources (e.g., professional identity, autonomy, perceived support), and burnout and examined job crafting as a strategy for reducing burnout.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Burnout varied across occupational therapy positions and practice areas and was most strongly associated with excessive workload. Occupational therapy professionals who engaged in job crafting reported less burnout. Several positive job resources, including meaningful work, job involvement, and perceived organizational support, were also associated with job crafting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>This study identified specific occupational therapy roles, settings, and job characteristics related to burnout and job crafting behaviors that may help reduce burnout. Plain-Language Summary: Burnout is common among occupational therapy professionals and is associated with poor health and well-being, absenteeism, turnover, and people leaving the profession. This study identifies occupational therapy positions, practice areas, and work conditions at most risk for burnout and highlights job resources that can prevent and mitigate burnout. The study found that burnout varied across occupational therapy positions and practice areas and was most strongly associated with excessive workload. Recommendations to address burnout include engaging in job crafting, optimizing job demands and resources, and fostering meaningful work to reduce burnout.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11740873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construct Validity, Criterion Validity, and Internal Consistency of GOT-Cog©, a Novel Occupational Therapy Cognitive Screen.","authors":"Emily Meise, John Corbett, Amanda Meyer, Pete Grevelding, Henry C Hrdlicka","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2025.050832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2025.050832","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;No single cognitive screen adequately captures the cognitive domains needed for inpatient occupational therapy treatment planning.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To assess the construct validity of the Gaylord Occupational Therapy Cognitive (GOT-Cog©) screen, a novel comprehensive cognitive screen that evaluates functional cognition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;Randomized crossover controlled study design using the St. Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) exam as a comparator.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setting: &lt;/strong&gt;Long-term acute-care hospital.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants: &lt;/strong&gt;Participants were inpatients admitted to Gaylord Hospital who were ages 18 yr or older, prescribed occupational therapy services, with no documented history of dementia, Alzheimer's, or preexisting intellectual disability and no present aphasia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intervention: &lt;/strong&gt;During participants' initial occupational therapy evaluation, either the SLUMS or GOT-Cog were randomly delivered; the screen that was not delivered on admission was delivered 22 to 26 hr later by the same or a different clinician.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;GOT-Cog and SLUMS total scores and individual item and domain scores.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Ninety-eight participants yielded sufficient data for analysis. Total GOT-Cog and SLUMS scores positively correlated (p &lt; .0001). All shared domains between GOT-Cog and SLUMS were significantly correlated (p ≤ .0155); similarly, all unique domains showed significant correlations with both GOT-Cog and SLUMS total scores (p ≤ .0194). No ordering effects were observed (p ≥ .8081). Despite having 11 more items, GOT-Cog took only 6 min longer to complete (10 vs. 16 min; p &lt; .0001). Both demonstrated adequate internal consistency.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and relevance: &lt;/strong&gt;The GOT-Cog has overall strong construct and criterion validity. Going forward, we will evaluate the rater reliability and responsiveness of the GOT-Cog. Plain-Language Summary: Occupational therapists evaluate clients' cognitive strengths and limitations in relation to activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living. Occupational therapists use this evaluation to help clients identify strategies to adapt to their specific environments, support their independence, and improve their ability to perform tasks. No cognitive screen currently exists that adequately evaluates a person's cognitive domains as part of treatment planning for inpatient occupational therapy. This study reviewed the construct validity, criterion validity, and internal consistency of the Gaylord Occupational Therapy Cognitive screen (GOT-Cog), a new comprehensive cognitive screen. The GOT-Cog was used with inpatients at a long-term acute-care hospital as part of their initial occupational therapy evaluation. The study found that the GOT-Cog has overall strong construct and criterion validity. Future studies will evaluate the ","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}