American Journal of Occupational Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Prediction of Functional Academic Outcomes by Fine Motor Skills in Individuals With Sickle Cell Disease.","authors":"Lakia Kearson, Christina Dandar, Catherine Hoyt, Jennifer Longoria, Victoria Okhomina, Darcy Raches, Brian Potter, Guolian Kang, Jane Hankins, Clifford Takemoto, Andrew Heitzer","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050684","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at heightened risk of poor neurocognitive and academic outcomes. The relationship between fine motor skills and academic outcomes is not well understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the fine motor skills of individuals with SCD with normative expectations, test whether demographic and medical factors are associated with fine motor performance, and determine the impact of fine motor performance on academic performance.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Individuals with SCD (N = 376; ages 8-24 yr).</p><p><strong>Outcomes and measures: </strong>Fine motor outcomes included visual-motor integration, manual dexterity, and graphomotor speed. Academic outcomes included math fluency and word reading. Demographic and medical variables were obtained via medical records and interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with normative expectations, the performance of individuals with SCD on all fine motor measures was lower than expected. Male sex, lower socioeconomic status, and lower oxygen saturation was associated with slower graphomotor speed. Lower socioeconomic status and older age were associated with lower visual-motor integration scores. Performance on all fine motor measures was positively associated with math fluency and word reading.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Individuals with SCD exhibited poorer than expected fine motor skills across multiple motor domains, and these deficits were associated with poorer academic outcomes. Early referral to intervention services for fine motor skills may facilitate improved academic outcomes for individuals with SCD. Plain-Language Summary: This study had three objectives: (1) Compare the fine motor skills of people with sickle cell disease (SCD) with normative expectations, (2) test whether demographic and medical factors are associated with fine motor performance, and (3) determine the impact of fine motor performance on academic performance. We found that SCD is a risk factor for lower than expected fine motor performance across multiple fine motor domains and that these deficits also affect functional academic skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrater Reliability and Precision of a Novel Hand Strength Assessment and Treatment Device: The GripAble.","authors":"Halil Ibrahim Ergen, Roman Kudin, Corey W McGee","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050689","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Occupational therapy practitioners need modern tools for the assessment of maximal grip strength in clinical and remote settings.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish the (1) interrater reliability and (2) precision of the GripAble among three raters with different expertise in occupational therapy when testing healthy participants, and to (3) evaluate the relative reliabilities of different approaches to estimating grip strength (i.e., one trial, mean of two trials, and the mean of three trials).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Measurement study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Minnesota Translational Musculoskeletal and Occupational Performance Research Lab, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Thirty volunteers, age ≥18 yr, without any hand problems.</p><p><strong>Outcomes and measures: </strong>Using GripAble, three occupational therapy raters with varied experience measured the maximal grip strength of the dominant and nondominant hands of all participants. Using the mean of three trials when testing grip strength with GripAble adds precision.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GripAble has excellent interrater reliability (i.e., intraclass correlation coefficient > .75) and acceptable precision (minimal detectable change < 15%) among healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>GripAble allows occupational therapy practitioners with different experiences to assess grip strength in healthy hands quickly, precisely, and with excellent reliability. Additional research is needed on its psychometrics in clinical populations and capacities in remote monitoring and exergaming. Plain-Language Summary: The results of this study show that grip strength, an important biomarker and commonly assessed construct in occupational therapy, can be evaluated reliably, precisely, and rapidly with GripAble. The use of GripAble by occupational therapy practitioners in clinical settings may help to build an infrastructure for remote measurements and exergaming interventions in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11719399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual-Motor Integration (VMI) Is Also Relevant for Computer, Smartphone, and Tablet Use by Adults: Introducing the Brief Box Clicking Test.","authors":"Raymond Hernandez, Margaret Gatz, Stefan Schneider, Deborah Finkel, Jill E Darling, Bart Orriens, Ying Liu, Arie Kapteyn","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050680","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Visual-motor integration (VMI) is typically examined in children to promote handwriting, but it may also be relevant for adults' capacity for technology use.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the reliability and validity of speed of completion of the box clicking test, a web-based test of VMI.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Participants in the Understanding America Study completed online surveys on a regular basis, including a very brief (less than 30 s) self-administered box clicking test. For validity testing, we examined whether box clicking speed was associated with constructs relevant to visual-perceptual skills and motor coordination, the skills underlying VMI. Test-retest reliability was examined by computation of intraclass correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 11,114 adults.</p><p><strong>Measures: </strong>Measures included the completion time for the box clicking task and measures relevant to visual perception (e.g., perceptual speed) and motor coordination (e.g., self-reported functional limitation).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results suggested that the box clicking test was a VMI task. Slower test performance was associated with lower visual-perceptual speed and a greater likelihood of reporting difficulties with dressing, a motor coordination relevant task. Box clicking tests taken within at least 2 yr of one another had moderate test-retest stability, but future studies are needed to examine test-retest reliabilities over brief (e.g., 2-wk) time intervals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The box clicking test may serve both as a tool for research and to clinically observe whether clients have VMI difficulties that interfere with computer, smartphone, or tablet use. Plain-Language Summary: Use of devices such as smartphones and computers is increasingly becoming integral for daily functioning. Visual-motor integration (VMI) has often been addressed by occupational therapists to support handwriting of children, but it may also be important for technology use by adults. Prior literature supports the relevance of VMI to technology use, and adults with various chronic conditions have been found to have decrements in VMI. We tested the psychometric properties of a brief box clicking test of VMI that could be used to examine VMI underlying technology use among adults. Overall, results suggested that the box clicking test was a VMI task. Just as speed of gait has been used as an index of functional mobility, speed on the box clicking task seemed serviceable as an index of VMI ability. The box clicking test may also be used for clinical observation of whether VMI interferes with technology use.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12309844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing the Predictive Validity of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills for Driving Performance Outcomes.","authors":"Anne E Dickerson, Qiang Wu, Helen Houston, Therese Cassidy, Susan Touchinsky","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050687","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050687","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Although the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) is an excellent tool for evaluating the functional performance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), a limited number of studies have used the AMPS for decisions regarding the IADL of fitness to drive and community mobility.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the specificity and sensitivity of the AMPS as a tool for determining a person's fitness to drive.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional observational design.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Three driving rehabilitation programs in three states.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants were 388 community-living adults (M age = 68.74 yr, SD = 11.53); 196 adults were recruited before completing a comprehensive driving evaluation, and 192 were recruited in two other studies of older drivers.</p><p><strong>Outcome and measures: </strong>AMPS and results of comprehensive driving evaluation or on-road assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a logistical regression, AMPS Motor and Process Skills scores yielded a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 88.8%. The odds ratio of the AMPS Motor Skills score was .347; for the AMPS Process Skills score, it was .014. Using cross-validations, the model with AMPS Motor and Process scores produced a cross-validation area under the curve of .918, with sensitivity and specificity of 84.6% and 88.4%, respectively, and a probability greater than .334 was used for predicting a fail or drive-with-restriction evaluation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The AMPS Motor and Process Skills scores revealed significant differences between those who failed or had driving restrictions and with those who passed the driving evaluation, which supported the AMPS as an effective tool for predicting fitness to drive. Plain-Language Summary: This study demonstrates how the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS), as a top-down occupational therapy assessment tool, can be used to differentiate between medically at-risk drivers who are likely to pass a comprehensive driving evaluation and those who are likely to fail or need restrictions. AMPS will assist occupational therapy practitioners in determining who is most appropriate to receive driving rehabilitation services and/or when to refer a person for a comprehensive driving evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weighted Blankets as a Sleep Intervention: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Suzanne Dawson, Kimberly Charlton, Lorraine Ng, Jenny Cleland, Lemma Bulto, Michael Page, Stacie Attrill","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050676","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Sleep disorders are associated with a range of health conditions, with poor sleep often further exacerbating individuals' health, well-being, and ability to participate in daily occupations. Weighted blankets offer a potentially simple nonpharmacological sleep intervention option.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarize available literature on instrumentation and outcomes associated with overnight use of weighted blankets for therapeutic purpose.</p><p><strong>Evidence review: </strong>A scoping review following the PRISMA review guidelines was conducted. Sources included MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Embase, and Google. Included studies reported on overnight use of weighted blankets. Critical appraisal of studies was conducted with standardized tools.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Positive outcomes were reported for adults, including improved sleep, reduction in medication use, and improved mood. Sleep outcomes were mixed for children and adolescents but included improved occupational performance. Methodological quality of included studies regarding effectiveness was variable. Ten studies included details of the intervention, whereas only one study reported on implementation. No specific guidelines for use were included.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Weighted blankets are used as a sleep intervention for individuals across the life span experiencing a range of health conditions. Currently, there is more evidence of effectiveness with adults, although parents are favorable regarding weighted blanket use for children. Implementation and recommendation of weighted blankets are typically led by occupational therapists, with knowledge of the intervention facilitating use. This review provides information to inform occupational therapists' clinical decision-making and continued implementation of weighted blankets for individuals with sleep problems. Plain-Language Summary: This scoping review summarizes what is known about the use of weighted blankets as a sleep intervention for people of all ages. There is more evidence for overnight use of weighted blankets for adults, with improvements reported in sleep, mood, medication use, and pain. Although there is little evidence of improvement in sleep for children, some children show improvement in everyday functioning, and parents report positive outcomes from overnight use of weighted blankets. These findings suggest that occupational therapists should consider offering or recommending weighted blankets as a sleep intervention option for people of all ages, alongside consideration of individuals' preferences. Development of practice guidelines that incorporate current research findings is urgently needed to support occupational therapists' use of weighted blankets.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Therapy Doctoral Capstone Research Agenda: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Jennifer Kaldenberg, Theresa Delbert","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050669","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>As identified in the American Occupational Therapy Association's (AOTA's; 2023) statement about the purpose and value of the occupational therapy doctoral capstone, there is a lack of evidence about the purpose and value of the doctoral capstone. As an essential element of occupational therapy doctoral degree curricula, the capstone is unique to each program, supports the program's scholarship agenda, and serves the needs of students and the communities served by the profession.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop a doctoral capstone research agenda in an attempt to prioritize and guide research that can supplement the current paucity of evidence related to capstone efficacy or effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines were used to conduct a scoping review. Peer-reviewed articles published between 1999 and June 2023 were searched using the CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Embase databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The doctoral capstone research agenda was developed and organized into five categories to drive research activities inclusive of the didactic and experiential learning associated with the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the capstone process: (1) teaching and learning; (2) learner characteristics and competencies; (3) shaping professional identity; (4) faculty/mentor development and resources; and (5) promotion of diversity, equity, and inclusion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>A doctoral capstone research agenda was developed in accordance with AOTA's (2018) Occupational Therapy Education Research Agenda. It identifies an array of areas in which research is needed to inform the distinct value and purpose of the doctoral capstone to students, sites, programs, and the profession. Plain-Language Summary: The occupational therapy doctoral capstone is unique to each program, supports the program's scholarship agenda, and supports the needs of students and the communities served by the profession. The American Occupational Therapy Association's official document on the \"Occupational Therapy Doctoral Capstone: Purpose and Value\" states that there is a lack of evidence about how to identify the distinct purpose and value of the doctoral capstone. This scoping review explored the development of a doctoral capstone research agenda. A research agenda is provided to guide and prioritize research to articulate best practices and the distinct purpose and value of the doctoral capstone in occupational therapy education and for the profession.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Functional Consequences of Long COVID Need to Be Addressed by Occupational Therapists.","authors":"Kristen Kehl-Floberg, Aurora Pop-Vicas, Gordon Giles, Dorothy Edwards","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050707","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long COVID-persistent health complications after recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 infection-is associated with activity limitations in nearly 48 million U.S. adults, affecting work, leisure, family, and community functioning. Occupational therapists are experts in customizing interventions to maximize performance of daily routines, and often treat individuals who experience similar functional impacts to those observed in long COVID. The large number of people experiencing new disability, as well as a lack of medical treatment options, make occupational therapy a crucial component of long-COVID research and multidisciplinary management. In this column, we discuss actionable steps occupational therapists can take to place them at the forefront of maximizing functional and quality-of-life outcomes for people with long COVID.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12309843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Bead Maze Hand Function Test for Children.","authors":"Vivian L Rose, Anaga Ajoy, Craig A Johnston, Gloria R Gogola, Pranav J Parikh","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050584","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>There is a need for a pediatric hand function test that can be used to objectively assess movement quality. We have developed a toy-based test, the Bead Maze Hand Function (BMHF) test, to quantify how well a child performs an activity. This is achieved by assessing the control of forces applied while drawing a bead over wires of different complexity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the psychometric properties of the BMHF test and understand the influence of age and task complexity on test measures.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional, observational study performed in a single visit.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Clinical research laboratory.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Twenty-three participants (ages 4-15 yr) were recruited locally. They were typically developing children with no illness or conditions that affected their movement. Interventions/Assessments: Participants performed the BMHF test and the Box and Block test with both hands.</p><p><strong>Outcomes and measures: </strong>Total force and completion time were examined according to age and task complexity using a linear mixed-effects model. We calculated intraclass correlation coefficients to measure interrater reliability of the method and estimated concurrent validity using the Box and Block test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total force and completion time decreased with age and depended on task complexity. The total force was more sensitive to task complexity. The Box and Block score was associated with BMHF completion time but not with total force. We found excellent interrater reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>A familiar toy equipped with hidden sensors provides a sensitive tool to assess a child's typical hand function. Plain-Language Summary: We developed the Bead Maze Hand Function (BMHF) test to determine how well a child performs an activity with their hands. The BMHF test is a toy equipped with hidden sensors. Twenty-three typically developing children with no illnesses or conditions that affected their hand movement participated in the study. We asked the children to perform the BMHF test with both hands. Our study found that occupational therapists can reliably use the BMHF test to assess a child's hand function.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11220783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joystick-Operated Ride-On Toy Navigation Training for Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Sudha Srinivasan, Nidhi Amonkar, Patrick D Kumavor, Deborah Bubela, Kristin Morgan","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050589","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP) require intensive task-oriented training to make meaningful gains in affected upper extremity (UE) motor function.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the acceptability and utility of single joystick-operated ride-on toy (ROT) navigation training incorporated into a modified constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) camp for children with HCP.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Single group pretest-posttest design.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Three-wk structured CIMT camp.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Eleven children with HCP between ages 3 and 14 yr.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Children received group-based CIMT for 6 hr/day, 5 days/wk, for 3 wk. As part of camp activities, children also received ROT navigation training for 20 to 30 min/day, 5 days/wk, for 3 wk.</p><p><strong>Outcomes and measures: </strong>We assessed children's acceptance of ROT training by monitoring adherence and evaluating child engagement (affect and attention) during training sessions. The effects of ROT training combined with other camp activities on children's affected UE motor function were also assessed with the standardized Quality of Upper Extremity Skills Test (QUEST) and training-specific measures of ROT maneuvering accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children demonstrated high levels of training adherence, positive affect, and task-appropriate attention across weeks. Positive engagement during ROT sessions was correlated with independent navigation. We also found medium- to large-sized improvements in QUEST scores and toy-maneuvering capabilities after the combined program.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>Our pilot data support the use of joystick-operated ROTs as child-friendly therapy adjuncts that can be incorporated into intensive UE training programs to improve adherence and motivation in therapy programs, boost treatment dosing, and promote affected UE motor function in children with HCP. Plain-Language Summary: This pilot study offers promising evidence that supports the use of modified single joystick-operated ride-on toys (ROTs) for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP). The study used ROTs as one of several interventions that were part of a constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) camp program for children with HCP. The ROTs boosted children's motivation, their engagement with and adherence to training, and their practice in using their affected upper extremity (UE) for goal-directed activities in their natural settings. ROTs are accessible, age-appropriate, and easy-to-use devices for both occupational therapy clinicians and families to encourage children to use their affected UEs by challenging their perceptual, motor-planning, problem-solving, and movement-control skills in an enjoyable and engaging way. ROTs can be used within and outside conventional rehabilitation settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responsiveness and Minimal Clinically Important Difference of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure Among Patients With Frozen Shoulder.","authors":"Sun Woo Kim, Ji Young Lim, Seonghee Kim, Jong Geol Do, Jong In Lee, Ji Hye Hwang","doi":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050573","DOIUrl":"10.5014/ajot.2024.050573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Patient-reported outcome measures provide insights into intervention effects on patients. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) emphasizes identifying priorities in daily activity engagement and evaluating an individual's perception of changes over time.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the responsiveness of the COPM and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) among patients with frozen shoulders.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Two physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Ninety-four patients with frozen shoulders enrolled in a previous study.</p><p><strong>Outcomes and measures: </strong>Baseline and 3-mo evaluations of the COPM and other measures. Responsiveness was assessed using effect size (ES) and standardized response mean (SRM). The MCID values were determined through a distribution-based approach, which used the 0.5 standard deviation and ES methods, and an anchor-based approach, which used the receiver operating characteristic curve method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ES and SRM results indicated that the COPM had high responsiveness. The distribution-based MCID values for COPM Performance and COPM Satisfaction were 1.17 and 1.44, respectively. The anchor-based MCID values were 2.5 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.64-0.91]) and 2.1 (AUC = 0.76, 95% CI [0.60-0.91]), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>The findings suggest that the COPM is a responsive outcome measure for patients with frozen shoulder. The established MCID values for the COPM can be valuable for interpreting changes in patient performance and satisfaction, thus aiding clinical interventions and research planning. Plain-Language Summary: This is the first study to review the effectiveness of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to determine the success of occupational therapy interventions for people with a frozen shoulder. The findings suggest that the COPM is an effective and valuable tool for clients with a frozen shoulder to understand their experiences and treatment priorities and to detect meaningful changes in their performance and satisfaction after an occupational therapy intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":48317,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"78 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141451911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}