Cognitive Therapy and Research最新文献

{"title":"Does Cognitive Control Help or Hurt Social Anxiety? Conditional Effects of Response Inhibition on Safety Behavior Use and Post-event Processing.","authors":"Alexandra Marie Adamis, John Sanford Gardner, Bunmi Olatunji","doi":"10.1007/s10608-026-10746-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10608-026-10746-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although safety behaviors (SBs) and post-event processing (PEP) play an important role in the maintenance of social anxiety, less is known about the individual differences that might influence one's use of these maladaptive cognitive-behavioral regulatory strategies. This study examined whether response inhibition, a form of cognitive control involving one's ability to override automatic impulses, moderated the relationship between social anxiety and engagement in SBs and PEP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with high and low levels of social anxiety completed a stop-signal task (SST) measuring response inhibition abilities, then completed self-report assessments of past-week SB use (<i>n</i> = 192) and PEP (<i>n</i> = 183) following an impromptu laboratory speech task one week later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moderation analyses revealed that social anxiety levels interacted with response inhibition abilities to predict both SBs and PEP, but in unexpected directions. While higher response inhibition abilities predicted lower levels of SBs and PEP for those with low social anxiety, this pattern was reversed for those with high social anxiety, for whom better response inhibition was associated with <i>higher</i> levels of SBs and PEP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings indicate that response inhibition is not universally protective; rather, its effects might depend on symptom severity and individuals' (mal)adaptive goals in social contexts. The implications of these findings for existing cognitive-behavioral models of social anxiety disorder are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13166126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147934707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Quality and Suicide Ideation among Adolescents: Mediating Role of Rumination and Depressive Symptoms.","authors":"Sindy Kalauch, Lucy Liotta, Christina Rombola, Ana Ortin-Peralta, Regina Miranda","doi":"10.1007/s10608-026-10714-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10608-026-10714-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Prior studies have found associations between sleep disturbances and suicide ideation among adolescents. However, there is limited prospective research examining cognitive mechanisms that explain this relationship. This present longitudinal study aimed to examine the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between sleep quality and suicide ideation over time. We hypothesized that low sleep quality would be associated with increased suicide ideation severity over time and that rumination would mediate the relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adolescents (<i>N</i> = 117), ages 12-19, who presented to hospitals or outpatient clinics with suicide ideation or attempt completed self-report measures of sleep quality and suicide ideation severity at baseline, rumination at 3-month follow-up, and depressive symptoms and suicide ideation at 12-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant direct relation between sleep quality and suicide ideation. However, rumination and depressive symptoms serially mediated the relationship between sleep quality and suicide ideation, suggesting an indirect relationship. Interestingly, rumination did not predict later sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Improving sleep quality may reduce rumination, which, in turn, may reduce depressive symptoms and lower SI severity. Improving sleep quality may ameliorate the impact of cognitive mechanisms - like rumination - that may indirectly exacerbate suicide ideation severity through depressive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146182792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do the Memory Support Intervention and Improving Memory for Treatment Facilitate Behavior Change in Cognitive Therapy?","authors":"Courtney Armstrong, Nicole Gumport, Allison Harvey","doi":"10.1007/s10608-025-10629-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10608-025-10629-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The memory support intervention (MSI) was developed to improve patient memory for treatment as poor memory for treatment is associated with poorer adherence and outcomes. This study aimed to (1) validate the Cognitive Behavior Change interview, which was developed for and used as a measure in this study, (2) assess differences in specific factors impacting behavior change (domains) described in the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) among participants who received the MSI alongside cognitive therapy (CT) compared to those who received CT-as-usual, and (3) assess whether memory for treatment facilitates behavior change.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 64) from a trial of adults with Major Depressive Disorder were randomly allocated to CT + Memory Support (MS) or CT-as-usual. To ascertain whether CT + MS better improves knowledge of domains of behavior change, the Cognitive Behavior Change Interview was administered at the 12-month follow-up (12FU) assessment. This qualitative and quantitative interview is grounded in the TDF and includes ratings of potential facilitators of behavior change. Regression was used to examine relations between memory support, these facilitators, and behavior change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Internal consistency for the Cognitive Behavioral Change interview fell in the acceptable range, whereas interrater reliability ranged from unreliable to excellent. Participants who received CT + MS demonstrated better overall engagement with domains compared to participants who received CT-as-usual. Improved memory for treatment was positively associated with overall engagement and the number of domains engaged. Overall engagement and the number of domains engaged were associated with utilization of skills learned in CT and improved impairment and depression at 12FU.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study enhances our understanding of the potential role of memory for treatment improving long-term behavior change. Exploratory analyses highlight specific domains that may be factors driving changes in behavior due to CT resulting in improvements in depression.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10608-025-10629-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147500183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adding Meaning and Context to Nodes and Edges: A Mixed Methods Approach to Enhance the Validity of Idiographic Networks.","authors":"Melissa Miléna De Smet, Lune Imaani Quintens, Dries Debeer, Joran Jongerling","doi":"10.1007/s10608-025-10670-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-025-10670-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Experience Sampling Methods (ESM) are increasingly used to derive idiographic networks, which promise more personalized interventions. Using the most frequently used network approach (VAR-model), we demonstrate the value of qualitative methods to enhance their validity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multiple case study with four adolescents examined the relationship between identity/self-esteem and depressive complaints. Quantitative ESM data was enriched with open-ended ESM data and semi-structured interviews. In a mixed methods parallel design, VAR-based networks and reflexive thematic analyses were combined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The qualitative data gave meaning and context to adolescents' ESM data and networks, revealed uncaptured experiences and challenged associations in the network.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mixed methods approaches can enhance the validity of idiographic networks by personalizing ESM designs prior to assessment, adding meaning and context to nodes and edges, and providing alternative explanations for observed dynamics. We discuss several reasons, strategies and ways forward for mixed methods idiographic networks.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10608-025-10670-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":"50 4","pages":"907-921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13469479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robustness, Generalizability, and Heterogeneity of Dynamic Networks of Psychopathology.","authors":"Alberto Jover Martínez, Lourens J Waldorp, Lotte H J M Lemmens, Eiko I Fried, Anne Roefs","doi":"10.1007/s10608-025-10708-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-025-10708-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The network perspective of psychopathology proposes that mental disorders arise from dynamic interactions between psychopathology-related variables. This study explored the robustness, generalizability, and heterogeneity of dynamic networks of psychopathology using Ecological Momentary Assessment data of 176 university students with varying degrees of subclinical psychopathology (M = 21.9 years, SD = 2.8; 83.3% female).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Robustness-i.e., how precisely model parameters are estimated-of nomothetic networks was assessed via case-dropping bootstrapping. Heterogeneity was analyzed using the Individual Network Invariance Test (INIT) per pair of individuals. Generalizability (i.e., how much group-derived estimates reflect individual processes) was evaluated by comparing freely estimated idiographic networks (i.e., graphicalVAR) to idiographic networks where significant effects from the nomothetic network (i.e., mlVAR) were constrained to be present. This was done with 3 different γ values (i.e., 0.5, 0.25, and 0).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results suggest that robustness was acceptable overall. Using a γ = 0.5, the nomothetic network generalized well to the majority of individuals, but not to a substantial minority. Specifically, the group model generalized well to 127 participants (73%) participants, but not to 47 (27%). However, with lower γ parameters, the group model generalized to less participants-161 participants (7.47%) at γ = 0.25 and 174 participants (0%) at γ = 0. Finally, evidence for relevant levels of inter-individual heterogeneity was found. Concretely, 3793 out of 14.878 (24.49%) pairs of individuals displayed different network structures according to the INIT test.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This heterogeneity is a partial explanation of why treatments may not work for everyone and the individual networks provide a possible point of entry to determine more personalised treatments based on homogeneous groups. Recommendations to find such groups combining data-driven and theory-driven approaches with a focus on single-case research are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":"50 4","pages":"750-762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13468862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threat Sensitivity, Stress, and Alcohol Use in Probable PTSD: Findings from a Mobile Attention Bias Modification Trial.","authors":"Audrey Morrow, Mikael Rubin, Andrea Niles, Paige Tripp, Derek D Satre, Joshua D Woolley, Aoife O'Donovan, Kristen Nishimi","doi":"10.1007/s10608-026-10751-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10608-026-10751-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by heightened threat sensitivity, including attentional bias to threat, and associated with increased alcohol consumption. Given that alcohol consumption may be driven by or worsen PTSD symptoms, it is critical to consider how threat sensitivity relates to drinking in individuals with probable PTSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 687 adults with probable PTSD (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 symptoms ≥ 33; M_age=30.01; 80% female) completed a 15-day app-based attention bias modification (ABM) protocol to reduce threat-related biases. Participants were randomized into personalized ABM, non-personalized ABM, or placebo training (days 2-7, 9-14), and completed dot-probe detection assessments on days 1, 8, and 15. Participants reported alcoholic drinks consumed in the past 24 h every training day. We examined associations of ABM condition, threat sensitivity (self-reported, avoidance and vigilance reaction time biases), stress (past, anticipated), and PTSD symptoms with alcohol consumption (drink count, heavy drinking) using mixed models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Personalized ABM was not significantly associated with reduced drink count, relative to placebo (rate ratio <i>[RR]</i> = 0.72, 95% CI 0.51, 1.01). Higher self-reported threat sensitivity was associated with lower next-day drink count (<i>RR</i> = 0.93, 95% CI 0.87, 0.99; marginal after multiple corrections), while there was a non-significant effect between avoidance bias and lower next-day drink count (<i>RR</i> = 0.88, 95% CI 0.76, 1.02). Higher past and anticipated stress were associated with lower next-day drink count (<i>RR</i> = 0.92, 95% CI 0.87, 0.96) and heavy drinking (odds ratio <i>[OR]</i> = 0.91, 95% CI 0.82, 1.00), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings link threat sensitivity and stress with subsequent lower alcohol consumption, necessitating further research on the intersection of these factors with alcohol use in populations with probable PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":"50 5","pages":"948-959"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Social Comparison in Appearance-Related Psychopathology: Preregistered Analyses from a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Smartphone Intervention.","authors":"Tapan A Patel, Jesse R Cougle","doi":"10.1007/s10608-026-10779-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10608-026-10779-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Excessive appearance concerns represent a transdiagnostic construct that is likely maintained by appearance-related safety behaviors (ARSBs). ARSBs consist of mirror checking, camouflaging and other behaviors which are used to prevent negative evaluation based on appearance. Social comparison is one additional type of ARSB that has been given substantial research attention and has been hypothesized to contribute to a range of disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We leveraged data (<i>N</i> = 203) from a previously published randomized controlled trial of two digital interventions to examine whether changes in social comparisons explain treatment effects on clinical outcomes in women elevated in appearance concerns. Participants were randomized to one of two interventions where participants were either instructed to reduce ARSBs or general unhealthy behaviors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to control, targeting ARSBs led to lower social comparisons, and these changes mediated the effect of treatment on appearance concerns, eating disorder symptoms, social anxiety, and appearance importance. Changes in comparisons also predicted changes in symptom outcomes, regardless of treatment condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide novel evidence for the potential role of social comparisons in appearance-related psychopathology. Further work will be necessary to confirm the maintaining role this behavior plays in symptoms of appearance-related psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-026-10779-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":"50 5","pages":"1007-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden Gains in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Seasonal Affective Disorder.","authors":"Raquel E Castillo Cruz, Kelly J Rohan","doi":"10.1007/s10608-025-10616-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-025-10616-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sudden gains are associated with better acute and follow-up outcomes in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for mood and anxiety disorders. Using the group CBT for seasonal affective disorder (CBT-SAD) condition (<i>n</i>=88) from a parent randomized clinical trial, this study examines whether sudden gains can be detected in CBT-SAD and whether they relate to outcome at post-treatment and at follow-ups one and two winters later. Applying Kelly et al.'s (2005) criteria to week-to-week symptom changes [i.e., scores on the Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-Seasonal Affective Disorder Version (SIGH-SAD)] with SIGH-SAD score drop ≥ 6, 44.3% (39/88) of CBT-SAD participants had a sudden gain. Most sudden gains (25/39, 64.1%) occurred between pre-treatment and Week 3. Sudden gainers had lower depression severity on the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) and a greater likelihood of remission (BDI-II ≤ 8) at both winter follow-ups than non-gainers. Sudden gain groups did not differ on post-treatment depression outcomes. Relative to non-gainers, sudden gainers showed greater improvement in seasonal beliefs, CBT-SAD's potential mechanism, during CBT-SAD, with more flexible seasonal beliefs than non-gainers at post-treatment. Membership in a particular CBT-SAD group was not related to the effect of sudden gains on treatment outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":"49 6","pages":"1203-1215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149116932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing Judicious Use of Safety Behaviors During Exposure: A Randomized Controlled Trial Examining When and For Whom Safety Behaviors Improve Fear Reduction.","authors":"Samantha J Meckes, Anna C Cole, Kristen Gee, Cynthia L Lancaster","doi":"10.1007/s10608-025-10667-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10608-025-10667-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Safety behaviors (SBs), or unnecessary protective actions, are thought to play a key role in the development and maintenance of pathological fear and anxiety. However, their impact on exposure therapy outcomes is debated, with empirical studies yielding inconsistent findings. Thus, rather than continuing to test whether safety behaviors impact exposure therapy outcomes, we aimed to examine under which conditions safety behaviors may interfere with or facilitate exposure therapy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Spider-fearful adults (<i>N</i> = 56) completed a 30-minute exposure intervention using a standardized, experimenter-selected safety behavior (rubber boots). Participants were randomized to safety behavior condition, where the boots were faded out, unfaded, or not used during exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both unfaded and faded safety behavior use groups approached the spider more closely during the intervention and found the intervention more acceptable. However, this had little impact on treatment outcomes, with all groups showing similar benefits at post-treatment and follow-up. Moderation analyses additionally showed that unfaded safety behavior use benefited highly distress intolerant participants, while fading safety behaviors undermined exposure when they blocked a participant's threat expectancies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the importance of considering individual differences in the study of safety behavior use during exposure therapy and suggest that safety behavior use may be beneficial to certain subgroups, such as those who may be hesitant to begin exposure. This study was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04470882).</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":"50 2","pages":"341-359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13245588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtypes of Severe OCD and Treatment Outcome: A Latent Profile Analysis of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Severity Scale.","authors":"Allen J Bailey, Meghan Schreck, Jacob A Nota, Jennie M Kuckertz, Martha J Falkenstein","doi":"10.1007/s10608-025-10658-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10608-025-10658-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) is the gold standard measure of OCD and the most common tool to assess OCD severity and treatment outcome. Relying on Y-BOCS total scores likely to capture overall severity well, but may obscure important <i>qualitatively</i> different OCD profiles. The current study aimed to identify profiles of OCD and their association to obsession/compulsion content domains (e.g., contamination), and treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were adults 759 (49% women) seeking partial/residential treatment for severe OCD. The sample was on average 29.81(<i>SD=</i>11.95) years old and predominantly White (85%). Latent profile analysis was used to identify patterns of OCD symptoms using the self-reported Y-BOCS severity scale (Y-BOCS-SS). Profiles were validated using generalized linear models to capture the association between profiles and obsession/compulsion content and changes in OCD severity, depression, and quality-of-life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three profiles were identified: a \"Severe with Lower Resistance\" Profile (69% of sample) characterized by high severity with the greatest relative effort to resist symptoms, a \"Moderate\" profile (25%) characterized by uniform endorsement of items in the moderate range, a \"Low Compulsion\" (6%) profile characterized by high mean endorsement of obsession items and low endorsement of compulsion items. The profiles varied significantly in terms of endorsement of different obsession/compulsion domains but did not vary significantly in terms of treatment outcomes as measured by changes in OCD, depression, and quality-of-life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Relying on Y-BOCS total score may fail to capture qualitatively different, albeit rare, presentations of OCD. However, these profiles were not predictive of treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":48316,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Therapy and Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}