Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the general psychopathology factor in autistic youth","authors":"Hannah Muriel Robb Burrows ,&nbsp;Brianne Derby ,&nbsp;Laura de la Roche ,&nbsp;Melissa Susko ,&nbsp;Rob Nicolson ,&nbsp;Stelios Georgiades ,&nbsp;Jessica Jones ,&nbsp;Evdokia Anagnostou ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Kelley","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Autistic youth are at higher risk of presenting with co-occurring internalizing (I) (i.e., anxiety and depression) and externalizing (E) (i.e., aggression and impulsivity) disorders (Bauminger et al., 2010). The <em>Child Behavior Checklist for ages 6–18</em> (CBCL/6-18; Achenbach &amp; Rescorla, 2001) is a measure of I-E disorders and symptoms in autistic and neurotypical youth, providing norm-referenced subscales as factors for each form of psychopathology. The general psychopathology or “<em>p</em>” factor may provide a better measure of co-occurring disorders in autism as it has not been evaluated in this population contextually to date. The <em>p</em> factor proposes that psychopathological disorders come from the same etiological factor, implying that we can measure all I-E disorders as indicators of <em>p</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Using archival data from the <em>Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders</em> (POND) <em>Network</em>, (<em>N</em> = 782) autistic youths’ raw scores from the CBCL/6-18 were analyzed using two confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs): an I-E CFA and a <em>p</em> factor CFA. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was also conducted to determine the best-fitting factor structure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A chi-square difference test compared each CFA to find the best model fit. Results reported each model as individually significant, however, based on recommendations from Hoyle and Panter (1995), neither model had an acceptable fit.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Given that neither the <em>p</em> factor nor the internalizing/externalizing factor models had appropriate fit, it is recommended that future research investigate whether the CBCL/6–18 is the most appropriate measure for assessing co-occurring symptoms in autistic youth. The results of the EFA also suggest that the CBCL may not be the most appropriate measure for autistic youth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102519"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of the collateral child and parent outcomes of telehealth-delivered behavioral sleep intervention for Autistic children","authors":"Monique Clarke ,&nbsp;Laurie McLay ,&nbsp;Karyn France ,&nbsp;Neville Blampied","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This research follows two studies that examined the efficacy and acceptability of a stepped-care model of behavioral sleep intervention (BSI) delivered to parents of Autistic children via telehealth (Clarke et al., 2024a, 2024b). The current study investigated the collateral benefits of these interventions on Autistic children’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors, health-related quality of life, and parent ratings of relationship quality, depression, anxiety, stress, and personal sleep quality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Results</h3><div>Data were available for 17 Autistic children (aged 3–17 years) and 22 parent participants (16 mothers, six fathers) who had received a telehealth-delivered behavioral sleep intervention (TDBSI). Parents completed a range of psychometric assessments at baseline and within six weeks of completing the program. Alongside reduced sleep problem severity (SPS), significant improvements, as indexed by non-negligible Cohen’s <em>d</em> values whose 95 % confidence intervals did not cross zero, were observed in children’s emotional and behavioral difficulties and health-related quality of life. Parents also reported that improvement in their child’s sleep positively influenced their own sleep quality and emotional well-being. There were no significant changes in parental relationship quality post-intervention, probably a ceiling effect.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TDBSIs have the potential to generate collateral benefits for Autistic children and their families. This finding is consistent with the limited existent research, suggesting that improved sleep may enhance child and parent well-being. Future research should focus on understanding the mechanisms underlying collateral change, including variations in effects among children and parents, and the durability across different telehealth modalities (i.e., self-directed versus therapist-guided) and follow-up intervals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of exercise training on sleep quality in autism spectrum condition: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Daniel González-Devesa ,&nbsp;Miguel Adriano Sanchez-Lastra ,&nbsp;Benito Outeda-Monteagudo ,&nbsp;Carlos Ayán-Pérez ,&nbsp;José Carlos Diz-Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We aimed to analyse the available scientific evidence on the effects of exercise programs on sleep quality in autism spectrum condition. Studies were searched in five electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost Environment Complete, Dialnet Plus and Scopus) until February 2024 (updated in August 2024). A total of ten randomized clinical trials were included. The pooled mean difference for subjective sleep duration (Child’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire [CSHQ] sub-scale), total CSHQ score, objective sleep duration and objective efficiency were − 1.62 points (95 % confidence interval [CI] − 2.34 to − 0.91; p &lt; 0.001), −9.43 points (95 % CI: −16.89 to −1.97, p &lt; 0.001), 0.42 h (95 % CI: 0.05–0.80, p = 0.03) and 9.91 % (95 % CI: 5.04–14.78, p &lt; 0.001), respectively. In conclusion, exercise can serve as an adjunct therapy for managing sleep-related problems among children on the autism spectrum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher levels of autistic traits in the general population are associated with reduced visual field asymmetries in a dual-stream attentional blink task","authors":"Jason L. Ringo ,&nbsp;Lisa N. Jefferies ,&nbsp;Jacob A. Burack","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Spatial attention is typically right-hemisphere lateralized, resulting in a bias to preferentially process information in the left visual field (VF). As atypical hemispheric lateralization is considered a fundamental neurobiological feature of autism, we assessed whether it is also evident in people who display higher levels of autistic-type traits but do not meet the criteria for a clinical diagnosis of autism. In doing so, we used a dual-stream attentional blink task – a task with heavy processing demands and stimuli displayed simultaneously in both VFs – to elicit inter-hemispheric competition and assess visual field asymmetries.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The participants were 82 university students, who had never been clinically diagnosed with autism, divided into two groups based on the level of autistic traits that they displayed on the Autism Quotient scale (AQ; Baron-Cohen et al., 2001). Two simultaneous streams of digit-distractors were displayed, one in each VF, and the participants’ task was to identify two letter-targets that were displayed unpredictably in the left or right stream.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found reduced VF asymmetries in higher autism-trait individuals, with the magnitude of the asymmetry correlating with AQ score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We suggest that the reduced VF asymmetries in individuals with higher autism traits may be due to increased perceptual processing capacity (Remington et al., 2009), which reduces hemispheric competition and, thus, visual field asymmetries. The findings also highlight that even subtle differences in the degree of autistic traits in the general population may be associated with differences in visual attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining parental stress factors in Hong Kong Chinese parents of autistic and neurodevelopmentally atypical children","authors":"Xin Qi ,&nbsp;Carol K.S. To","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Parenting an autistic child can be physically and mentally challenging. The approach parents take in response to these challenges can vary and may be related to the level of stress they experience.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study compared the stress levels among Hong Kong Chinese parents of autistic children, typically developing (TD) children, and those with other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), and their relationship with associated parental and child’s factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional online survey, 314 Chinese parents completed self-reported questionnaires assessing parental stress, child's autism and other NDDs diagnosis, broad autism phenotype (BAP), coping strategies, social support, and parental psychological flexibility (PPF). Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyze the contribution of these factors to parental stress, and mediation analyses examined how social support and PPF might mediate the relationship between: (1) an autism diagnosis and parental stress, and (2) BAP and parental stress.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Parents of autistic children reported significantly higher stress levels than other parents. The presence of a child’s autism and other NDDs, along with greater BAP traits, significantly contributed to higher parental stress. Social support and PPF were strong protective factors that mediated the relationship between having an autistic child, exhibiting BAP traits, and parental stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Management for parents of autistic children should focus on promoting social support networks and fostering psychological flexibility to alleviate caregiving burden, especially for those exhibiting greater BAP traits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102512"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of vocal communication and atypicality in mandarin-speaking children with autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, and typical development","authors":"Min Liu ,&nbsp;Yanxia Wang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Hu ,&nbsp;Mudi Sun ,&nbsp;Lu Qu ,&nbsp;Xuling Han ,&nbsp;Hang Zhao ,&nbsp;Haidan Lu ,&nbsp;Qiaoyun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The current study aimed to examine the similarities and differences in vocal characteristics between Mandarin-speaking 36–72-month-old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), children with developmental delay (DD), and typically developing (TD) children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed vocal characteristics during parent–child free play. Video and audio samples were collected from 21 children with ASD, 18 children with DD matched groupwise for developmental level, and 15 TD children matched groupwise for chronological age.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to children in the DD and TD groups, children with ASD exhibited a significantly higher proportion of nonspeech vocalizations (NSV, <em>p</em>&lt;0.01), atypical vocalizations (ATY, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001), noncommunicative vocalizations (NCV, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001), and no response to others (NR, <em>p</em>&lt;0.001). These four metrics were significantly correlated with children’s performance on the developmental evaluation and intelligence test. Receiver operating characteristic analyses indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) ranged from 0.871–0.978, with moderate accuracy, when using these four metrics to differentiate between children with ASD and TD children; this value improved to 1.000 with high accuracy when combining the four metrics. The AUC ranged from 0.747–0.820 when using the four metrics to differentiate children with ASD from those with DD and improved to 0.857 when combining the four metrics.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These preliminary data suggest that vocal communication and vocal atypicality may be unique features of children with minimally verbal ASD and that the four metrics—NSV, ATY, NCV, and NR—have the potential to be ASD behavioral markers in screening and diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement invariance of the Child Behavior Checklist in autistic toddlers","authors":"Tara L. Benninger ,&nbsp;Megan Norris ,&nbsp;Andrea N. Witwer","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Challenging behavior has been examined in older children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but less is known about these behaviors in toddlers, due in part to variability in measurement and limited instruments available for this population. To address this need, this study examined the psychometric properties of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), a commonly used and widely validated measure of challenging behavior, in a group of toddlers with ASD.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants included 496 toddlers aged 18–48 months with (<em>n</em>=398) and without (<em>n</em>= 100) a diagnosis of ASD. Psychometrics of the CBCL were analyzed including internal consistency, factor structure, and measurement invariance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Confirmatory factor analysis results indicated acceptable fit for the tested model, and internal consistency was largely acceptable. All levels of measurement invariance were tested for each subscale. The Emotional Reactivity, Anxious/Depressed, Withdrawn, and Aggressive Behavior subscales achieved scalar invariance, while the Attention Problems subscale achieved metric invariance, and the Somatic Complaints subscale did not achieve even configural invariance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results indicate the current CBCL conceptualization of challenging behavior in autistic toddlers is consistent with such constructs in older autistic children and provide preliminary support for the use of the CBCL to assess for challenging behavior in toddlers with ASD. Measurement invariance (MI) analyses support the construct validity of the CBCL in toddlers with ASD. However, based on the results of the MI analyses, some caution is warranted with specific subscales when conducting group comparison analyses between toddlers with and without ASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fit club: Outcomes from 35-minute daily exercise program for autistic adolescents","authors":"Claudia L. Hilton ,&nbsp;Diane M. Collins ,&nbsp;Julie Jones ,&nbsp;Joanne Flanagan ,&nbsp;Cora Carillo ,&nbsp;Karen Ratcliff","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Autistic children and adolescents have academic performance challenges and are often reluctant to participate in physical activities. Executive function (EF) abilities generally remain stable or worsen as autistic children get older and obesity and lack of physical fitness are frequent concerns experienced by these individuals. Finding ways to address these concerns has the potential to improve outcomes in autistic youth.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We conducted a 12-month, repeated-measures study to examine the effectiveness of a mandatory 35-minute daily school physical activity intervention involving low to moderate exertion for autistic adolescents (n = 29). Changes in fitness, EF, social responsiveness, and restrictive and repetitive behaviors were examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant improvements were seen in fitness, EF areas (specifically cognitive flexibility and planning/organizing), restrictive and repetitive behaviors and social responsiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings suggest that participation in a mandatory daily 35-minute physical activity program with low to moderate exertion is feasible and may contribute to improved EF, fitness, restricted and repetitive behavior, and social responsiveness in autistic adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substantial elevation of telomeric oxidized bases in childhood autism","authors":"Mohammad Eftekhar ,&nbsp;Yasin Panahi ,&nbsp;Fahimeh Salasar Moghaddam ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Eskandari ,&nbsp;Hamid Pezeshk ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Pedram","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the etiology of autism and its sex-biased prevalence remain largely elusive. We have previously shown that children with non-syndromic low-functioning idiopathic autism exhibit a sexually dimorphic pattern of relative telomere length (RTL), with autistic male children having significantly shorter RTL than autistic female children, healthy controls, and paired siblings. By contrast, a number of autistic girls had longer RTLs than healthy controls. Here, we investigated levels of telomeric oxidized base (TelOB) lesions among the same study subjects and groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Employing a quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based method, which combines DNA digestion targeting oxidized bases and telomere measurement, TelOB lesions were measured using genomic DNA extracted from saliva samples collected from 24 children (14 male and 10 female) with autism, 10 paired siblings, and 24 sex, age, and location-matched typically-developing controls.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings show that both male and female autistic children exhibit substantially higher TelOB lesions at their telomeres than healthy controls and paired siblings. Interestingly, these elevated levels of TelOBs show a direct correlation with RTL values in autistic children but not in healthy controls. However, TelOB levels do not show any association with age either in the autistic children or the healthy control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings open a fresh angle into autism spectrum disorders (ASD), raise new questions, and lay the foundation for further research into telomere biology and underlying molecular mechanisms involved in ASD. TelOB levels are likely set during early development and may serve as biomarkers for childhood autism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of creative movement, general movement, or seated play interventions on motor performance in children with autism spectrum disorder: A pilot randomized controlled trial","authors":"W.C. Su ,&nbsp;S. Srinivasan ,&nbsp;A.N. Bhat","doi":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Children with ASD experience significant gross motor challenges that could be addressed using motor interventions. However, contemporary ASD interventions that are sedentary in nature often target communication and fine motor skills and not children’s gross motor difficulties.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the current pilot RCT, we evaluated changes in various motor outcomes (i.e., gross/fine motor coordination, locomotor skills, functional endurance, and praxis/imitation performance) following two types of whole-body motor interventions (Creative Movement (CM) or General Movement (GM)) and compared them to a Sedentary Play (SP) intervention focused on improving fine motor skills in children with ASD. Forty-five children with ASD (Mean Age ±SE: 8.7 ± 0.3, 38 males) were randomly assigned to the CM, GM, or SP groups and received 8 weeks of group-specific training.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both CM and GM interventions led to medium-to-large improvements in gross motor performance, including improved body coordination, strength/agility, locomotor skills, and walking endurance. Children in the CM group additionally showed medium-to-large-sized improvements in praxis performance, while children in the SP group showed improvements in fine motor performance. These training-related improvements were supported by improvements reported via parental questionnaires.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Researchers and clinicians should incorporate whole-body interventions targeting gross motor skills in the plan of care for children with ASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48255,"journal":{"name":"Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 102501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}