Journal of the American Planning Association最新文献

{"title":"Red Hot City: Housing, Race, and Exclusion in Twenty-First-Century Atlanta","authors":"Deirdre Pfeiffer","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2194810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2194810","url":null,"abstract":"entists, historians, and planners who care about immigrant integration, civil society, and community development. Moreover, because the book is published open access (and freely and permanently available online), I highly recommend it for both undergraduate or graduate classes. I will use the book to animate discussions about what sanctuary means for people who have fled dangerous situations in their homelands and arrived in places where their safety is far from guaranteed. And, just as Vitiello provocatively invites readers of the book to consider, we will grapple with what is owed to newcomers who become part of the social fabric of the places they live and work in.","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"597 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43635257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Walkable Neighborhoods","authors":"Kevin M. Leyden, Michael J. Hogan, Lorraine D’Arcy, Brendan Bunting, Sebastiaan Bierema","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2022.2123382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2022.2123382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43497419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planning for Water Security in Southeast Asia: Community-Based Infrastructure During the Urban Transition","authors":"N. Subramanyam","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2190277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2190277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"606 - 607"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46376282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yes to the City: Millennials and the Fight for Affordable Housing","authors":"Gregg Colburn","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2190275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2190275","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"404 - 405"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46987148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collateral Damages: Landlords and the Urban Housing Crisis","authors":"Elizabeth J. Mueller","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2190276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2190276","url":null,"abstract":"may reach an equilibrium state in some environments: A climax forest is a good example, where individual species may remain unchanged for thousands of years. However, to do so requires environmental equilibrium, which is not currently the case for cities or humans. In fact, cities have changed constantly for as long as they have existed. Woolf’s insight may shed light on what is to come, but conclusions are not self-evident. Instead, his framework raises more questions: Is there an upper limit to city size? What can the environment support? Demographers tell us that our planet’s human population may be approaching a maximum. Environmental pressures will most likely encourage larger city forms. Woolf challenges us to think harder, and longer term, about these issues. The long-term case study aspect is what sets Woolf’s book apart from conventional discussions in the planning of urban development. As an ancient historian, Woolf masterfully draws on textual and archaeological evidence to consider the widest possible scope of urbanism: cities as they grow and shrink, reorganize, and re-emerge. Whereas Part I sets out the evolutionary framework and offers examples of both successes and failures of emergent cities, Parts II through IV balance the details of individual urban histories with his interest in the larger evolutionary patterns. In Part II, Woolf describes early urban growth in the Mediterranean from the Aegean Bronze Age through the 4th century BCE. He focuses on the rise of the Greek city-state model, though he provides contemporary comparisons across the Mediterranean. Part III turns to the Roman Empire, particularly the relationship between urban form and imperial power. Cities offered structure—physical space, governmental organization, social norms—that was essential to exerting imperial control and the success of the Roman Empire. Finally, in Part IV, he looks at deurbanization and the resilience of urbanism. Woolf contrasts the greatest megacities, drawing on resources from across the Mediterranean, with the post-classical shift to smaller, regional cities as the empire fragmented. Despite—or perhaps because of—the political, economic, and social challenges, the core cities of the Mediterranean transformed into a different sort of urban in the post-classical period and continued to evolve into the places we know today. Although the specificity of data from the ancient world leaves much to be desired by modern standards— population size and total city area are frequently ballpark estimates, at best—Woolf’s study of the ancient Mediterranean offers an unmatched opportunity to explore what happens with evolutionary successes, when new and better systems emerge, and what failure might look like. The issues of urban failure and long-term resilience are perhaps his most important lessons as we look to a future of cities that must respond to environmental, political, and social challenges. Woolf cautions that we cannot map the post-industrial","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"408 - 409"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49234519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Race, Space, and Trauma","authors":"Elizabeth L. Sweet, Elsie Harper-Anderson","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2165530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2165530","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Problem, research strategy, and findings Discriminatory planning decisions and practices, guided by dominant White spatial imaginaries, result in physical, economic, and culturally racialized spaces of trauma, contributing to the unjust destruction of Black and Brown communities. The continuous cycle of planning injustice coupled with economic and physical neglect by planning in communities of color has amounted to what some scholars call slow violence. The healing process from slow violence requires planers to acknowledge, refuse, redo, and repair the harm they caused. We use two case studies from Richmond (VA) and Norristown (PA) as exemplars of healing justice through community accountability (CA). These cases illustrate how community groups are reclaiming their spaces, authentically telling their stories, and engaging in physical, economic, corporal, and cultural healing: moving from spaces of trauma toward healing justice. Unlike systems driven by the White spatial imaginary that have historically resulted in racist policies and programs such as urban renewal and broader global forces such as structural adjustment, CA encourages community-led solutions to problems caused by planners. Takeaway for practice Urban planners can reimagine their role in creating livable, sustainable spaces by centering healing (and justice) as core objectives in their work. Supporting and engaging communities with a CA framework must begin with acknowledging and truth-telling about past and present harms. Planners must ground their work in spatial imaginaries that reflect the values, needs, and cultures of the people and communities they serve. They must also play an active role in repairing physical, economic, and emotional harms using their influence and resources to dismantle the mechanisms (policies and practices) that created the racial spatial trauma. Engaging these communities in development decisions and codifying planning practices that reduce harm and ensure belonging can promote economic sustainability.","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"554 - 565"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46740731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Infrastructural Repair to Reparative Planning","authors":"L. Song, Elifmina Mizrahi","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2181851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2181851","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Problem, research strategy, and findings Planners face great urgency to account for the field’s entanglement with White supremacy and rebuild from harm. Yet the actual practice of reparative planning in political communities still mired in racial inequalities and public institutions entangled in the production of racialized space is hardly straightforward. Anti-racist reckonings and reparations measures occurring within institutionalized venues are necessary starting points for reparative planning that can be further supplemented and amplified by anti-racist struggles and social practices in different arenas. Using a multimethod research design combining direct participation and nonparticipant observation with document-based research using primary and secondary sources and interviews, this case study of Alliance for Community Transit–Los Angeles (ACT-LA) explores infrastructural systems as key areas of racial harm, focal points of anti-racist resistance, and keystones for reparative planning. The substantive analysis focuses on ACT-LA’s Reimagining Safety initiative, which seeks to replace Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Agency’s racialized policing practices with public investments in community-based systems of safety. Case findings help expand points of entry and paths for reparative planning, inform strategies by planners embracing the reparative turn, and strengthen connections between community-based mobilizations and reparative planning. Takeaway for practice Planners can advocate for institutionalized and social practices of reparative planning in the issue areas, sectors, and organizations in which we work, in solidarity with the reparations movement and other anti-racist struggles.","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"566 - 579"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44203402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Right to Dignity: Housing Struggles, City Making, and Citizenship in Urban Chile","authors":"Andrea Urbina Julio","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2188102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2188102","url":null,"abstract":"goods). If this is the case, smaller cities could also be the core of a more sustainable green world by promoting urban agriculture and urban food systems; for example, through allotments, also called community gardens (Chapter 8). Another possibility is promoting green infrastructure (e.g., redesigning parks so that they absorb runoff). Currently, about 200 American cities have community land trusts that take over properties made available by tax foreclosures, maintain them (often as green spaces), and then spin off the plots for more productive uses such as affordable housing. Planners could also help reverse the brain drain from smaller cities and rural areas and workers by attracting professionals from cities, who would remain connected remotely. However, attracting remote workers will require making these towns and cities more livable (Chapter 9). Small-city planners could learn from big-city place-making efforts, public murals, and public realms in the form of piazzas/plazas. For shrinking cities to stabilize, they will need to not only localize their economies but also build consensus, engage diverse communities, and sustain the vision over many years (Chapter 10). Achieving these goals will be tough, however. Decisions about the future are constrained by decisions made in the past (e.g., large and small cities have been overreliant on convention centers to solve economic problems). In addition, many small cities lack the capacity to plan or to carry out other than maintenance activities. Furthermore, American cities have “few if any organizational or institutional forums that bring people together across racial, ethnic, or cultural divides or [even] public spaces that are shared by diverse populations...” (p. 272). Despite these challenges, Mallach is sanguine about the prospects for the future of shrinking cities. I hope he is right. Smaller Cities in a Shrinking World has no significant flaws but has two standout strengths: clear, passionate writing and numerous valuable, programmatic suggestions for small-city stabilization from around the world. It is one of the most important planning books to come out in recent years.","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"603 - 604"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44375689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding Mutual Benefit in Urban Development","authors":"Yinnon Geva, Matti Siemiatycki","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2023.2170908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2023.2170908","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45202458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“The Past We Step Into and How We Repair It”","authors":"R. Williams, Justin P. Steil","doi":"10.1080/01944363.2022.2154247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2022.2154247","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Problem, research strategy, and findings Anti-racist futures in urban and regional planning require repairing the White supremacist harms that have structured our metropolitan areas and patterns of living. What would constitute the appropriate dimensions for a reparative planning practice? Focusing here on the harms of anti-Black racism, answering these questions requires a deep engagement with the rich tradition of Black radical thought and debates in political philosophy and planning theory about urban justice. We begin by engaging with recent discussions in planning theory regarding definitions of urban justice. We then draw from threads of Black radical thought, identifying central insights from and tensions among Black nationalist, Marxist, feminist, abolitionist, and environmental justice movements. From these themes in Black radical thought, we present key dimensions of reparative planning and apply them to three case studies. Takeaway for practice Reparative planning must involve at a minimum at least three dimensions: public recognition, material redistribution, and social and spatial transformation. For this third, transformative dimension, we identify five principles for reparative planning: creating spaces for Black joy, advancing material redistribution, attending to intersectionality, building new democratic institutions grounded in and with the participation of non-elites, and constructing environmentally just futures. In practice, Black-led movements for economic democracy at the local level are creating examples of what grassroots reparative planning could be by creating joyful spaces for dialogue, education, and cultural production; building cooperative, nonextractive financial institutions that are redistributive; developing the capacity for broad, grassroots participatory democracy; designing structures for community control of projects that advance racial equity; and prioritizing efforts that help repair local ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":48248,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Planning Association","volume":"89 1","pages":"580 - 591"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49534052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}