Law and Human Behavior最新文献

{"title":"ACUTE-2007 and STABLE-2007 predict recidivism for men adjudicated for child sexual exploitation material offending.","authors":"Kelly M Babchishin, Ségolène Dibayula, Chiara McCulloch, R Karl Hanson, L Maaike Helmus","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000540","DOIUrl":"10.1037/lhb0000540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Risk assessment is essential to effective correctional practice. For individuals with contact sexual offenses, many risk tools are available. There are fewer options, however, for individuals whose sexual offending exclusively involves child sexual exploitation materials (CSEM; legally referred to in Canada and the United States as child pornography).</p><p><strong>Hypotheses: </strong>The present study examined the predictive validity of the ACUTE-2007 and STABLE-2007 sexual recidivism risk tools among men with CSEM offenses. We expected these tools to show moderate predictive validity across study groups.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We compared the scales' discrimination and calibration across three groups: (a) 1,042 men with contact sexual offenses against children (baseline comparison), (b) 228 men with exclusive CSEM offending (no contact sexual offenses), and (c) 80 men with both contact sexual offenses and CSEM offenses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the ACUTE-2007 and STABLE-2007 total scores and items had comparable (and often better) discrimination for men with CSEM offending compared with contact sexual offending against children in the prediction of any sexual recidivism, violent recidivism, and any recidivism. Calibration analyses indicated that the overall sexual recidivism rates for the median ACUTE-2007 and STABLE-2007 scores were similar for men with exclusive CSEM offenses compared with men with any contact offending against children. Almost all of the sexual recidivism for the CSEM-exclusive group involved further CSEM offenses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study supports the use of these tools to rank-order men with CSEM offending in terms of their risk of reoffending and to help direct treatment and management efforts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"606-618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder, criminogenic risk, and criminal history among veterans.","authors":"Daniel M Blonigen, Paige M Shaffer, Nicole Baldwin, David Smelson","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000542","DOIUrl":"10.1037/lhb0000542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is positively associated with involvement in the criminal justice system among veterans. Research that examines whether this association is confounded by risk factors (\"criminogenic needs\") from the risk-need-responsivity model of correctional rehabilitation can inform risk management with this population.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses: </strong>We hypothesized that (a) veterans with probable PTSD would score higher on all criminogenic needs than veterans without PTSD and (b) probable PTSD would be associated with criminal history but not after accounting for criminogenic needs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted secondary analyses of data from 341 veterans (95.3% male; 57.8% White/non-Hispanic/Latinx; M_age = 46.2 years) with a history of criminal justice system involvement who were admitted to mental health residential treatment. At treatment entry, participants completed interviews to assess criminal history, risk-need-responsivity-based criminogenic needs, and PTSD symptom severity. Cross-sectional analyses tested for differences between participants with and without probable PTSD on criminogenic needs and criminal history, and a multiple regression model examined the unique contributions of probable PTSD and criminogenic needs on criminal history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the sample (74%, n = 251) met probable criteria for PTSD. Compared with veterans without PTSD, those with probable PTSD scored significantly higher on criminogenic needs of antisocial personality patterns, antisocial cognitions, antisocial associates, substance use, and family/marital dysfunction but did not differ on multiple indices of criminal history (Cohen's ds = 0.60-0.86). In the regression model, higher age (β = 0.52, p < .001) and higher scores on measures of antisocial personality patterns (β = 0.19, p = .04) and antisocial cognitions (β = 0.22, p = .02) were significantly associated with higher scores on a criminal history index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that veterans with probable PTSD may score higher on a number of criminogenic needs that are known to be drivers of recidivism. An approach that integrates trauma-informed and risk-need-responsivity principles to address veterans' dynamic criminogenic and clinical needs may be critical to risk management in this population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":"47 5","pages":"579-590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10575688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41216361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving juror assessments of forensic testimony and its effects on decision-making and evidence evaluation.","authors":"Devon E LaBat, Deborah Goldfarb, Jacqueline R Evans, Nadja Schreiber Compo, Cassidy J Koolmees, Gerald LaPorte, Kevin Lothridge","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000539","DOIUrl":"10.1037/lhb0000539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We explored whether an educational forensic science informational (FSI) video either alone or with specialized jury instructions would assist mock jurors in evaluating forensic expert testimony.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses: </strong>We predicted that the FSI video would help participants distinguish between low-quality and high-quality testimony, evidenced by lower ratings of the testimony and the expert when the testimonial quality was low compared with when it was high.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Jury-eligible adults (<i>N</i> = 641; <i>M</i>_age = 38.18 years; 77.4% White; 8.1% Latino/a or Hispanic; 50.1% male) watched a mock trial and were randomly assigned to a no-forensic-evidence control condition or to a test condition (i.e., participants either watched the FSI video before the trial or did not and either received specialized posttrial instructions or did not). In the test conditions, a forensic expert provided low-quality or high-quality testimony about a latent impression, and participants rated the expert, their testimony, and the forensic evidence. All participants rendered verdicts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The presence of the FSI video interacted with testimonial quality on ratings of the expert and forensic testimony: In the video-present condition, participants rated the expert in the low-quality testimony condition lower than did participants in the high-quality testimony condition (between-condition differences for credibility: <i>d</i> = -0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.78, -0.27]; trustworthiness: <i>d</i> = -0.67, 95% CI [-0.92, -0.42]; knowledgeability: <i>d</i> = -0.54, 95% CI [-0.80, -0.29]). The pattern was the same for the expert's testimony (between-condition differences for convincingness: <i>d</i> = -0.41, 95% CI [-0.66, -0.16]; validity: <i>d</i> = -0.60, 95% CI [-0.86, -0.35]; presentation quality: <i>d</i> = -0.51, 95% CI [-0.76, -0.25]). Participants' ratings in the video-absent condition did not differ on the basis of testimonial quality (<i>d</i>s = -0.07-0.11). The ratings of the print evidence and verdicts were unaffected. Specialized jury instructions had no effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The FSI video may be a practical in-court intervention to increase jurors' sensitivity to low-quality forensic testimony without creating skepticism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"566-578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10630487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cool under fire: Psychopathic personality traits and decision making in law-enforcement-oriented populations.","authors":"Sean J McKinley, Edelyn Verona","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000541","DOIUrl":"10.1037/lhb0000541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Compared with other jobs, the law enforcement profession is a high-stakes occupation that has the potential to greatly impact public safety, and officers must face daily dangers not experienced in other professions. Previous research indicates that many law enforcement officers exhibit varying degrees of psychopathic traits, which suggests that it may be useful to examine police officer performance, specifically proxies of excessive use of force, through the lens of the triarchic psychopathy domains.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses: </strong>We predicted that high boldness and high meanness would be associated with greater justification of excessive use of force, whereas low boldness, high meanness, and high disinhibition would relate to greater errors in high-stakes decision making (\"trigger bias\").</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We employed criterion profile analysis to elucidate optimal profile configurations in both law enforcement and undergraduate samples in relation to justification of use-of-force scenarios and decision making in high-pressure situations (i.e., police officer's dilemma shooter task).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In general, combinations of triarchic psychopathy traits accounted for similar variance in performance criteria as individual psychopathy trait domains. In particular, trait elevations in meanness were associated with ratings of unjustified-use-of-force vignettes, and disinhibition was associated with commission errors on the shooter task (although effect sizes were small for the latter).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study support the conceptual validity of the separate dimensions of the triarchic psychopathy model and substantiate the moderate utility of personality indicators (e.g., antagonism, difficulties with impulse control) in relation to career-related performance in law enforcement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":"47 5","pages":"591-605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41216360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among people impacted by the criminal legal system: An updated meta-analysis and subgroup analyses.","authors":"Shelby Hunter, Lauren E Kois, Ashley T Peck, Eric B Elbogen, Casey LaDuke","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000543","DOIUrl":"10.1037/lhb0000543","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern and has implications for people directly impacted by the criminal legal system during arrest, conviction, incarceration, and community supervision. This meta-analysis estimated the lifetime prevalence of TBI among people supervised by the criminal legal system across settings.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses: </strong>Building on previous research, we hypothesized that prevalence estimates would be impacted by methodological, clinical, and demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eligible studies included those with adult participants supervised by the criminal legal system (i.e., prison, jail, probation, parole, inpatient/forensic hospital) and that provided sample TBI prevalence and method of ascertaining TBI history. We employed subgroup analyses and metaregression to investigate the effects of setting, TBI definition and method of detection, lifetime history of mental illness and substance use disorders, and gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample ultimately included 64 studies totaling 52,540 participants. Using a random-effects model and logit transformation, we found that the overall estimate of TBI prevalence was 45.8% (95% confidence interval, CI [37.8, 54.1], 95% prediction interval, PI [5.5, 92.5]) across all studies and 32.0% (95% CI [25.0, 39.8], 95% PI [11.2, 63.6]) for moderate-to-severe TBI. Significant effects were found for TBI definition and method of detection on the pooled estimate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of TBI among people impacted by the criminal legal system may be larger than in the general population. However, despite recent and ongoing progress in this area of study, the reliability of prevalence estimates remains limited by methodological factors related to TBI definitions and detection methods. Implications for TBI research and clinical service provision are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":"47 5","pages":"539-565"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41216362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplemental Material for Improving Juror Assessments of Forensic Testimony and Its Effects on Decision-Making and Evidence Evaluation","authors":"","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000539.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000539.supp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49549395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of eyewitness error rates in fair and biased lineups.","authors":"Ryan J Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Colin G Tredoux,&nbsp;Stefana Juncu","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The risk of mistaken identification for innocent suspects in lineups can be estimated by correcting the overall error rate by the number of people in the lineup. We compared this nominal size correction to a new effective size correction, which adjusts the error rate for the number of plausible lineup members.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses: </strong>We hypothesized that (a) increasing lineup bias would increase misidentifications of a designated innocent suspect; (b) with the effective size correction, increasing lineup bias would also increase the estimate of innocent-suspect misidentifications; and (c) with the nominal size correction, lineup bias would have no effect on the estimate of innocent-suspect misidentifications.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In a reanalysis of previous literature, we obtained 10 data sets from Open Science Framework. In three new experiments (<i>Ns</i> = 686, 405, and 1,531, respectively), participants observed a staged crime and completed a fair or biased lineup.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the reanalysis of previous literature, less than four of six lineup members were identified frequently enough to be classified as plausible, <i>M</i> = 3.78, 95% confidence interval [CI: 2.20, 5.36]. In the new experiments, increasing lineup bias increased mistaken identifications of a designated innocent suspect, odds ratio (<i>OR</i>) = 5.50, 95% CI [2.77, 10.95] and also increased the effective size-corrected estimate of innocent-suspect misidentifications, <i>OR</i> = 3.04, 95% CI [2.13, 4.33]. With the nominal size correction, lineup bias had no effect on the estimate of innocent-suspect misidentifications, <i>OR</i> = 0.84, 95% CI [0.60, 1.18].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most lineups include a combination of plausible and implausible lineup members. Contrary to the nominal size correction, which ignores implausible lineup members, the effective size correction is sensitive to implausible lineup members and accounts for lineup bias when estimating the risk of innocent suspect misidentifications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":"47 4","pages":"463-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10318637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Did George Floyd's murder shape the public's felt obligation to obey the police?","authors":"Allison R Cross, Kelsey E Tom, Danielle Wallace, Rick Trinkner, Adam D Fine","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000536","DOIUrl":"10.1037/lhb0000536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our goal in the present study was to use longitudinal data to assess how normative (i.e., consensually motivated) and instrumental (i.e., coercively motivated) obligation to obey police changed after police murdered George Floyd and whether these changes differed by political ideology.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses: </strong>Using procedural justice theory, we hypothesized that after Floyd's murder, participants would feel less normatively obligated and more instrumentally obligated to obey police. We also hypothesized that these trends would be stronger for liberal-leaning than conservative-leaning participants.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Adults (<i>N</i> = 645) were recruited through Prolific from four politically diverse U.S. states. Participants reported their normative and instrumental obligation across three waves of data collection, each separated by 3 weeks. The first two waves were collected prior to the Floyd's murder, and the third was collected after.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hierarchical linear models indicated that although normative obligation remained stable before Floyd's murder, it declined after Floyd's murder (<i>b</i> = -0.19, 95% CI [-0.24, -0.14], <i>p</i> < .001). In contrast, coercive obligation to obey increased consistently across all three waves. Liberal-leaning participants drove most of the effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For researchers, these findings help strengthen our understanding of procedural justice theory by differentiating normative and instrumental obligation and by distinguishing differences by political ideology within the context of a historic police-brutality event. For policymakers and law enforcement, our research suggests that police brutality may undermine the public's normative felt obligation to obey the police, which would be problematic for police reformation efforts grounded in governing by mutual consent versus by fear and coercion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":"47 4","pages":"510-525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9870771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk assessment of child-pornography-exclusive offenders.","authors":"Nicholas Scurich,&nbsp;Daniel A Krauss","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A sizeable percentage of federally sentenced child pornography offenders have no history of other criminal offenses (hereinafter \"child-pornography-exclusive offenders\"). There is a critical legal need to assess the recidivism risk of this population. The Child Pornography Offender Risk Tool (CPORT) is a commonly used actuarial instrument developed specifically to assess the risk of recidivism among child pornography offenders.</p><p><strong>Hypotheses: </strong>We hypothesized that there would be a sound scientific basis supporting the use of the CPORT in the United States as well as research demonstrating its applicability to child-pornography-exclusive offenders, given that the instrument is currently being used in forensic settings.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We critically examined all of the existing empirical studies that constitute the research base of the CPORT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The empirical studies of the CPORT suffer from at least three significant limitations: extremely small samples of recidivists, inordinate amounts of missing data, and potentially outdated samples. Further, none of the studies have tested the CPORT in a sample of offenders in the United States. An illustrative example of how the instrument has been misapplied in forensic settings and courtroom testimony is provided.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These issues make it inappropriate to use the CPORT on child-pornography-exclusive offenders in the United States at this time. We conclude by describing avenues for future research that can advance our understanding of this distinct and growing population of offenders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":"47 4","pages":"499-509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9871747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of eyewitness error rates in fair and biased lineups.","authors":"R. J. Fitzgerald, C. Tredoux, Stefana Juncu","doi":"10.1037/lhb0000538.supp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000538.supp","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000The risk of mistaken identification for innocent suspects in lineups can be estimated by correcting the overall error rate by the number of people in the lineup. We compared this nominal size correction to a new effective size correction, which adjusts the error rate for the number of plausible lineup members.\u0000\u0000\u0000HYPOTHESES\u0000We hypothesized that (a) increasing lineup bias would increase misidentifications of a designated innocent suspect; (b) with the effective size correction, increasing lineup bias would also increase the estimate of innocent-suspect misidentifications; and (c) with the nominal size correction, lineup bias would have no effect on the estimate of innocent-suspect misidentifications.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000In a reanalysis of previous literature, we obtained 10 data sets from Open Science Framework. In three new experiments (Ns = 686, 405, and 1,531, respectively), participants observed a staged crime and completed a fair or biased lineup.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000In the reanalysis of previous literature, less than four of six lineup members were identified frequently enough to be classified as plausible, M = 3.78, 95% confidence interval [CI: 2.20, 5.36]. In the new experiments, increasing lineup bias increased mistaken identifications of a designated innocent suspect, odds ratio (OR) = 5.50, 95% CI [2.77, 10.95] and also increased the effective size-corrected estimate of innocent-suspect misidentifications, OR = 3.04, 95% CI [2.13, 4.33]. With the nominal size correction, lineup bias had no effect on the estimate of innocent-suspect misidentifications, OR = 0.84, 95% CI [0.60, 1.18].\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Most lineups include a combination of plausible and implausible lineup members. Contrary to the nominal size correction, which ignores implausible lineup members, the effective size correction is sensitive to implausible lineup members and accounts for lineup bias when estimating the risk of innocent suspect misidentifications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":48230,"journal":{"name":"Law and Human Behavior","volume":"47 4 1","pages":"463-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46684696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}