Infant Behavior & Development最新文献

{"title":"Early spontaneous movements in full-term infants exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus","authors":"Büşra Kepenek-Varol ,&nbsp;Osman Baştuğ ,&nbsp;Ahmet Özdemi̇r ,&nbsp;Özlem Menevşe","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may influence fetal neurodevelopment, and early motor assessments could help identify at-risk infants before clinical symptoms emerge.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To examine early spontaneous movements in full-term infants born to mothers with GDM.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Thirty-two full-term infants with prenatal exposure to GDM and 32 age-matched healthy controls were included in this case-control study. After recording maternal and infant demographic and clinical characteristics, video recordings were obtained for General Movements Assessment (GMA) at 52–54 weeks postmenstrual age. Detailed GMA was performed, and the Motor Optimality Score (MOS) was calculated for each infant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fidgety movements were observed as normal in both groups. There were no significant differences between the groups in demographic or clinical characteristics, except for birth weight, which was higher in the GDM-exposed group (p = 0.002). After adjusting for gestational age, birth weight, and treatment modality, total MOS scores were significantly lower in the GDM-exposed group (p = 0.038), and the movement character subcategory also remained significantly altered (p = 0.025). No significant associations were found between clinical variables and MOS within the GDM-exposed group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that intrauterine hyperglycemia may have subtle but measurable effects on early motor development in infants of mothers with GDM. Altered movement character and lower adjusted MOS scores highlight the potential vulnerability of this population, even in the absence of gross motor impairment. Early detection of such changes through GMA may help identify infants who could benefit from close developmental monitoring and timely intervention, thereby supporting better long-term outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 102156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"German-learning infants recognize common nouns without additional frequency cues","authors":"Jessica N. Steil,&nbsp;Ulrike Schild,&nbsp;Claudia K. Friedrich","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The success of infants in fixating on a named target when they see it together with a distracting stimulus in the “looking while listening” (LWL) paradigm varies between studies using different stimulus material, participants, and target languages. This calls for systematic investigation of aspects that could influence infants’ LWL performance. In this preregistered online study, we tested the hypothesis that an imbalance in word frequency between target and distractor words could help young infants match more frequently heard words with presumably more frequent referents. We tested 80 German-learning infants aged 6–24 months, divided into a younger group (6–14 months, <em>n</em> = 43) and an older group (15–24 months, <em>n</em> = 37). We systematically manipulated frequency imbalance within target-distractor pairs and found evidence of successful target fixations in both groups. The preregistered analysis of younger children’s data revealed no differences for the same targets presented in imbalanced versus balanced pairs. This suggests that infants did not rely on frequency cues to distinguish between target and distractor objects, and that early noun-object associations are semantically more robust than previously assumed. We discuss limitations of the results due to variations in trial duration and word frequency estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 102160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring size-action and number-action associations in infancy","authors":"Gisella Decarli ,&nbsp;Ludovica Veggiotti ,&nbsp;Maria Dolores de Hevia","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the last decades, a growing body of research has assessed the link between numerical and action processing. However, this relationship has not been widely explored in the early stages of development. In this study, we aimed to investigate the number-action mapping during infancy with a novel action and to extend previous research by examining both size-action and quantity-action mappings. In the context of our study, 'size' is related to the perceptual attribute of how big or small an object appears and 'quantities' are connected to the numerical aspect, representing the number of items in a set. Using the habituation technique, 7-month-old infants were presented with videos of a character performing mouth openings directed towards objects of different sizes (Experiment 1; N = 40; 14 females) or quantities (Experiment 2; N = 40; 18 females). The findings suggest that infants are sensitive to the congruency of the pairings, highlighting the early presence of both number-action and size-action mappings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 102153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empathy development from birth to three: Advances in knowledge from 2000 to 2025","authors":"Maayan Davidov ,&nbsp;Ronit Roth-Hanania ,&nbsp;Yael Paz ,&nbsp;Tal Orlitsky ,&nbsp;Florina Uzefovsky ,&nbsp;Carolyn Zahn-Waxler","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Empathic abilities serve important functions in social life, supporting the formation and maintenance of social bonds and motivating people to help others. Studying the early development of empathy is valuable, both for advancing theoretical understanding of empathy and for designing interventions to promote it. The past 25 years have seen increased interest in studying empathy development from birth to three, leading to substantial advancements in knowledge and theory, as well as to some ongoing debate. Here we review these developments. First, we provide an integrative overview of the main bottom-up and top-down processes involved in empathy, and the different responses they can yield. We then review accumulated knowledge regarding each of these component/subtypes of empathy during infancy and early childhood, by addressing: (i) The early development of vicarious emotional arousal; (ii) Cognitive empathy – understanding others’ emotions; (iii) When does other-oriented empathy emerge? An ongoing theoretical debate is presented, including the main points of disagreement and critical evaluation of empirical evidence; (iv) Development of more sophisticated forms of concern; and (v) Individual differences in early empathy. We conclude with a summary and important challenges and open questions for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 102144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quarter century review of research on infant behavior","authors":"Lela Rankin,&nbsp;Martha E. Arterberry,&nbsp;Alessandra Geraci,&nbsp;Nayeli Gonzalez-Gomez,&nbsp;Jessica S. Horst,&nbsp;Atsuko Nakagawa,&nbsp;Sylvain Sirois","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 102159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145402617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors in child development among adolescent and adult mothers in Brazil","authors":"Nadia Cristina Valentini ,&nbsp;Eloá Maria Chiquetti ,&nbsp;Júlia Vicente Hass ,&nbsp;Michele Caroline de Souza Ribas ,&nbsp;Glauber Carvalho Nobre","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the influence of prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors on early motor development, comparing clinical, environmental, and cumulative risks among children of adolescent and adult mothers in Brazil. The aim was to generate evidence to guide interventions that improve maternal and child health outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 662 infants (176 preterm; 486 full-term) and their mothers (140 adolescents; 522 adults) from 17 cities across Brazil. Infants aged 0–4 months were consecutively recruited, and those with musculoskeletal disorders, genetic syndromes, or congenital malformations were excluded. The motor development was assessed with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), the home affordances with the AHEMD-IS, and maternal knowledge with the KIDI. Assessments were conducted in hospitals, clinics, or home setting. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Pearson correlations, Chi-square, and backward regression. Inter- and intra-rater reliability form motor assessments was high (α =.99 and α =.97, respectively). Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Infants of adolescent mothers had lower birth weights and head circumferences and were exposed to more environmental risks. Adolescent mothers showed lower education, income, and knowledge of infant development and provided fewer motor developmental opportunities. Motor scores were positively associated with birth outcomes, breastfeeding, and maternal education. Regression analysis identified breastfeeding and gestational age as the strongest predictors of motor development. Higher cumulative prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal risks were linked to poorer motor performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings underscored the combined influence of biological and socio-environmental factors on early motor development and highlight the need for early interventions and integrated policies to reduce health disparities and support children of adolescent mothers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 102158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early contributions of observed and parent-reported gesture to language development in children enrolled in early intervention","authors":"Makenzy S. Turner,&nbsp;Lisa K. Boyce,&nbsp;Avery A. Briggs,&nbsp;Audrey C. Juhasz","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early gesture use has been shown to be predictive of later vocabulary development. Children at-risk for language impairments often use fewer gestures as toddlers than typically developing children. A deeper understanding of the nuances of gesture use in communication could aid in intervention efforts for children at risk for language delays. In the present study, 83 mother-child dyads were recruited from early intervention programs to describe early child gesture behaviors and investigate the influence of early gestures on later language development. Deictic and conventional gesture types were measured by parent report and observational frequency during play. Parent report and observed gesture variables were moderately correlated. Results indicate that 25-month gesture uniquely contributes to 36-month language, above and beyond control variables 25-month language, parent responsiveness, and household income. Specifically, parent report of child deictic gesture and observed conventional gesture were statistically significant predictors of 36-month language. Our findings support previous research documenting the importance of gesture in early language development. Encouraging parents to recognize and respond to gestures may be an effective intervention strategy to increase opportunities for positive parent-child communication with children at-risk for language delays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 102152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humour from 12 to 36 months: Insights into children’s socio-cognitive and language development","authors":"Chiara Mazzocconi ,&nbsp;Béatrice Priego-Valverde","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relationship between laughter, humour, and socio-cognitive development in infants has attracted scholarly attention, yet structured longitudinal studies remain sparse. This study examines humour appreciation and production in four North American children from the Providence Corpus (Demuth et al., 2006). We annotated 30 min of naturalistic mother–child interactions at six-month intervals (12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months). We identify 271 humorous episodes following two criteria (Archakis and Tsakona, 2005): (1) the presence of laughter and (2) the identification of an incongruity, i.e. <em>Script Opposition</em> (SO) (GTVH, Attardo (2001)). Each episode was analysed for SO type — im/possible, ab/normal, or non/actual—following Hempelmann and Ruch (2005) hierarchical framework. To explore the developmental relevance, we propose a classification of SOs by knowledge Domains: Natural World &amp; Objects, Social-sphere, and Metalinguistic-sphere.</div><div>Findings reveal distinct SO and Domain distributions between mothers and children, developmental trajectories in SOs and Domains, and interactions between them. Between 12 and 30 months, children favoured humourous episodes involving multiple SOs, suggesting a need for multiple cues to interpret mothers’ humorous intent, potentially influencing maternal behaviour. Notably, our results contribute, together with previous studies, in refining McGhee (1979) humour developmental stages, showing that some types of humour emerge earlier than previously postulated. This study provides a detailed investigation of humour in child development from 12 to 36 months, illustrating how humour production and perception reflect cognitive, pragmatic, and linguistic development and offer insights into children’s knowledge acquisition — insights often challenging to access through experimental testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 102129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of the motor measures in the NIH Baby Toolbox®","authors":"Karen E. Adolph ,&nbsp;Whitney G. Cole ,&nbsp;Miriam A. Novack ,&nbsp;Y. Catherine Han ,&nbsp;Aaron J. Kaat ,&nbsp;Jaya Rachwani ,&nbsp;Jane Clark ,&nbsp;Stacie Dusing ,&nbsp;Jill Heathcock ,&nbsp;Laura A. Prosser ,&nbsp;Jeffrey J. Lockman ,&nbsp;Jill Whitall ,&nbsp;Richard C. Gershon","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Motor skill is foundational for early development and an important indicator of whether children’s development is on track. The NIH “Baby” Toolbox®, an iPad-based app designed for broad use by nonexperts, includes measures to assess motor skill in children aged 16 days to 42 months. The measures use direct observation in functional, everyday, child-friendly tasks—reaching to eat and getting up to go to a caregiver—to assess children’s manual, postural, and locomotor skills. Administration and scoring uniquely capitalize on the video capabilities of the iPad to allow instantaneous review of fast, subtle movements and comparison to standard exemplar illustrations. Moreover, videos can be exported for later analysis and reuse. A large-scale norming study (<em>N</em> = 2353; 1921 English-speaking, 432 Spanish-speaking) verified the reliability and validity of the Reach to Eat and Get Up and Go measures. An additional supplementary measure, Sit and Stand, is designed to assess stationary postural control, akin to the Standing Balance measure in the NIH Toolbox for older children and adults. Findings support the Baby Toolbox as a reliable, valid, scalable assessment instrument for infant and toddler fine and gross motor skill.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differing patterns of face processing in infants at elevated likelihood of autism","authors":"Chloe Brittenham ,&nbsp;Jennifer B. Wagner ,&nbsp;Anthony Westendorf ,&nbsp;Helen Tager-Flusberg ,&nbsp;Charles A. Nelson","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Typical development shows early biases in face attention during infancy, characterized by face inversion effects and increased attention to the left side of the face. In autism spectrum disorder (ASD), face scanning patterns often differ, with reduced inversion effects and left-side biases. The current study examined inversion effects, side biases, and pupil responses in EL and TL infants at 7, 10, and 13 months using linear mixed modeling. TL infants showed greater looking to the left side of the face than EL infants both over the full trial duration and in the 500–1000 ms trial window. Also, in the 500–1000 ms window, a significant left versus right side difference was observed only in the TL group. Pupil responses revealed an interaction between group and age, with EL infants showing a larger pupil size increase over time. These findings suggest that elevated ASD likelihood may be linked to early face-processing differences, such as reduced left gaze bias and greater pupil increases in infancy. Further research is necessary to determine if these patterns are specific to faces or reflect broader atypicalities in hemispheric asymmetry and autonomic function, and how these differences may contribute to later emerging features of ASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102097"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}