{"title":"A comparative approach to maternal behavior in humans and other apes","authors":"Federica Amici , Katja Liebal , Manuela Ersson-Lembeck , Manfred Holodynski","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In many species, including humans, maternal care is crucial for infants’ survival and development. Here, we used a comparative developmental approach to investigate the factors that predict variation in primate maternal styles and, specifically, in the allocation of body contact, carrying, nursing, touching, grooming, restraining, rejection, object stimulation, approaches and leaves. We conducted behavioral observations on mother-infant pairs from the genus <em>Homo</em> (i.e., White German mothers: N = 10) and four other primate genera (<em>Pan, Hylobates, Nomascus</em>, <em>Symphalangus</em>: N = 38), when infants were 1, 6 and 12 months old. We observed that mothers partially adjusted their behavior to the offspring’s age (decreasing some protective/proximal behaviors and increasing some rejective/distal ones as infants grew up), and to the potential risks experienced by offspring (with protective/proximal behaviors being often higher in <em>Homo</em> than <em>Pan</em>). Despite the limitations of only including captive ape groups, this work provides novel insight into the development of mother-infant interactions across five primate genera and contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary roots of human parenting behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102077"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A screening measure for infant attachment: The Turkish adaptation of the Brief Attachment Scale-16","authors":"Nebi Sümer , Yasemin Kahya , Sema Erel , Cansu Alsancak-Akbulut","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering the need for a brief but valid screening measure for infant attachment, we aimed to examine the psychometric quality of Cadman et al.’s (2018) Brief Attachment Scale-16 (BAS-16) in Turkish mother-child samples. The validity of the BAS-16 Turkish was examined in two independent samples based on its associations with well-established constructs of attachment security and maternal sensitivity, child adjustment, and temperament measures, namely, the Attachment Q-Set (AQS), the Maternal Behavior Q-Set (MBQS), the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the Emotionality, Activity, Sociability Temperament Survey (EAS), respectively. The results of Study 1 and Study 2 supported the two-factor structure of BAS-16 Turkish. In Study 1, the BAS-16 Turkish total scores were significantly associated with the AQS security and MBQS sensitivity scores, and marginally with child externalizing problems but not with child temperament. In Study 2, aiming to cross-validate the findings of Study 1, the BAS-16 Turkish total and subscale scores strongly correlated with the AQS security scores; the BAS-16 Turkish total and Harmonious Interaction (HI) subscale scores were related to the MBQS sensitivity scores. In both samples, regression analyses showed that maternal sensitivity significantly predicted the BAS-16 Turkish total score above and beyond the effects of demographic characteristics and temperament. The findings from two studies suggest that the BAS-16 has adequate validity in assessing infant/child attachment in Turkish samples, representing a non-WEIRD cultural context, and can be used as a practical screening tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102074"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Socioemotional development of infants and toddlers in the first months of foster care: A brief synthesis of 25 years of research","authors":"Joana Baptista , Cláudia Camilo , Eunice Magalhães , Amber Feher , Cláudia Ramos , Stephanie Alves","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past 25 years, research has highlighted the protective role of foster care over institutionalization, particularly for young children. When foster caregivers provide responsive care, children benefit from a nurturing, individualized environment that supports socioemotional development. However, foster care does not eliminate developmental challenges. The first three years of life are a critical period of rapid neurological, emotional, and social growth, making early experiences especially impactful. Entering foster care during this period can disrupt existing attachment relationships, increasing vulnerability to socioemotional difficulties. Additionally, children must navigate both the effects of past adversities and the challenges of adapting to a new caregiving environment, making the early months post-placement particularly crucial for their adjustment and well-being. This review synthesizes research published since 2000 to examine early socioemotional challenges in infants and toddlers in foster care and how foster caregivers adapt during the first months of placement. Findings suggest that attachment behaviors typically emerge and stabilize within the early weeks, shaped by multiple factors at different levels, including child characteristics, pre-placement experiences, and the quality of current caregiving. Yet, research focusing exclusively on this transition period is scarce, with existing studies varying widely in both placement duration and child age. Additionally, little is known about how foster caregivers adjust during this period, despite evidence of heightened parenting stress. More longitudinal research is urgently needed to clarify how multilevel factors interact in the first months of placement and to better understand their impact on the adaptation of infants and toddlers in foster care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102079"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maternal postpartum depression and responsive feeding in the first 2 years: A review","authors":"Sophie Fitzpatrick, Kyly C. Whitfield","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal postpartum depression can influence caregiving behaviors, including the ability to practice responsive feeding. Responsive feeding promotes children’s autonomy over their hunger and satiety and can lead to proper growth and development, whereas non-responsive feeding practices such as pressuring or controlling feeding tend to override children’s cues, instilling unfavourable behaviors and increasing the risk of overfeeding and altered growth. Responsive feeding may be especially important during the first two years, a crucial period of learning, growth, and development. This review summarizes current literature exploring the association between maternal postpartum depression and feeding behaviors among children aged 0–24 months. Twelve studies from the USA, Australia, China, India, the UK, and the Caribbean explored this relationship. The prevalence of postpartum depression varied widely, from 10 % to 60 % of participants. In general, maternal postpartum depression symptoms were associated with non-responsive feeding, particularly with pressuring or forceful feeding styles involving high control, but also with actions in contrast with public health recommendations such as adding cereal to bottles. Most studies employed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) to screen for maternal postpartum depression, while there was a lack of consistency in tools used to assess feeding styles, highlighting the need for a more consistent definition and standardized tool in future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102073"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S.T. Seese, T. Cohenour, S.K. Seese, A. Gulsrud, C. Kasari
{"title":"Experience matters: Caregiver interactions with later-born toddlers with autism","authors":"S.T. Seese, T. Cohenour, S.K. Seese, A. Gulsrud, C. Kasari","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Caregiver-child interactions are critical for supporting early social communication in toddlers showing signs of autism. This study examined whether prior experience parenting an autistic toddler influences how caregivers interact with younger siblings. During a free play interaction, caregivers were rated on the developmental appropriateness and quality of strategies such as: caregiver support for toddler’s dyadic social engagement (e.g., engagement/regulation and use of environmental strategies), imitation and modeling (e.g., turn-taking), and play support (e.g., modulating play to toddler’s level). Additionally, we coded caregiver responsiveness to the toddler’s nonverbal and verbal communication. Specifically, we explored whether caregiver strategy use and responsiveness to toddler communication differed between caregivers who already had an older child with autism and those who did not. Participants were 115 caregiver-toddler dyads (M age = 20 months) showing features of autism, grouped by sibling status: older autistic sibling (EL-Sibs, n = 23), a non-autistic sibling (LL-Sibs, n = 34), or were first-borns (FB, n = 58). Binary logistic regressions examined strategy use and responsiveness, controlling for toddler age, developmental level, toddler ADOS scores, and family annual household income. Sibling status significantly predicted play-related strategies but not dyadic social engagement or imitation/modeling strategies. Caregiver responsiveness was not associated with sibling status; however, child age, developmental level, and higher family income were associated with higher quality responsiveness. Findings suggest that prior autism-related parenting experience may positively shape certain caregiving behaviors with later-born siblings, specifically within play-based interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofia Scatolin , Francesco Poli , Sabine Hunnius , Hellen Lustermans , Carolina de Weerth , Roseriet Beijers
{"title":"Revisiting associations between infant cognitive functioning and maternal caregiving quality using eye-tracking and Bayesian cognitive modelling","authors":"Sofia Scatolin , Francesco Poli , Sabine Hunnius , Hellen Lustermans , Carolina de Weerth , Roseriet Beijers","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive research demonstrates the importance of high-quality caregiving in promoting infant cognitive development. However, it remains unknown what specific aspects of infants’ cognitive functioning relate to higher quality of caregiving. In this study, we related multiple infant cognitive measures derived from eye-tracking data to individual differences in emotional and cognitive dimensions of maternal caregiving. Participants were 66 mothers and their infants (mean age: 8.0 months, SD=1.1). Mother-infant interactions (during a diaper change and joint book reading) were recorded and subsequently observed by independent raters to assess maternal caregiving quality. Infant eye-tracking data, collected during a visual learning task, were used to inform a Bayesian cognitive model and infer individual differences in attention, learning, processing speed, and curiosity. We found a U-shaped relation between infants’ attention and maternal caregiving. Infants with very low and very high attention scores received higher-quality caregiving from their mothers, while infants with intermediate scores received lower-quality caregiving. This may indicate that mothers adapt their caregiving behaviour to the attentional needs of their infants, providing higher-quality caregiving to infants who either struggle to engage (low attention scores) or disengage (high attention scores). Maternal caregiving quality was not associated with any other cognitive measure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102075"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A quarter century of research on infant contingency learning: Current and future directions","authors":"Kimberly Cuevas , John Colombo","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although traditional learning paradigms provided a substantial base for the emergence of the field of infant studies from the 1960s through the 1990s, research on contingency (operant) learning in infancy has not attracted much attention over the last 25 years. While the reasons for such neglect are unclear, learning protocols offer valuable contributions to the field of infant studies, spanning basic research, translational work, and application. An examination of the literature over the last quarter century shows operant learning concepts in use with respect to the development of agency, goal blockage reactivity, clinical cross-group comparisons, and developmental interventions. Building upon the foundation that infants are capable of contingency learning, research has explored underlying mechanisms, including coordinated movement dynamics and psychobiological correlates. Methodological innovations—such as novel paradigms and cutting-edge techniques like motion capture, eye-tracking, and computational modeling—have further refined our understanding of these processes. Efforts have also focused on identifying conditions that promote learning and factors contributing to data loss. An overarching question remains whether infants demonstrate agency during contingency learning. Additionally, recent research has shifted from a primarily experimental group approach to considering individual differences in early learning. However, it is unclear whether traditional learning metrics effectively capture nonmonotonic behavioral change and variability in learning patterns. The review offers cogent rationales for reintegrating these paradigms into the field of infant studies, discusses gaps in the literature that should be addressed for this goal to be realized, and proposes future directions for advancing the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does attention sharing support attention focusing? Investigating the link between infants' sustained attention and joint attention with caregivers","authors":"Berna A. Uzundağ","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustained attention in infancy is a known predictor of executive functions, self-regulation, and language. This study investigated the relationship between 9- to 16-month-old infants’ sustained attention and joint attention in mother-infant dyads. Data were collected from 98 infants (<em>M</em>(<em>SD</em>) = 11.8(1.3) months) and their mothers. Results showed that joint attention during mother-infant play significantly predicted sustained attention during solo play, after accounting for infant age and socioeconomic status. These cross-sectional findings suggest that joint attention may play a role in supporting sustained attention, though the directionality of this relationship warrants further longitudinal investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 102072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phonological biases in lexical access in French and German: Data from a familiar word-recognition conflict task","authors":"Leonardo Piot , Thierry Nazzi , Natalie Boll-Avetisyan , Sandrien Van Ommen , Silvana Schmandt","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Consonants have been proposed to be more important than vowels in lexical processes (i.e., C-bias). This study investigated the existence and strength of the C-bias using a familiar word recognition conflict task, in which recognition takes place in the context of a conflict between consonantal and vocalic information. This was evaluated using eye-tracking in two linguistic populations (French and German) and two age groups (adults and 24-month-old toddlers). The experiment tested the recognition of a target object among two familiar objects presented on a screen. In the control condition, the auditory stimulus corresponded to one of the objects presented. In the conflict condition, the stimulus differed from the name of one of the objects by a consonant and from the other by a vowel. In the control condition, word recognition was found in all groups. In the conflict condition, contrary to our predictions, we failed to find evidence of a C-bias in both French- and German-speaking participants, at both ages. Rather, the analyses revealed phonological similarity effects on participants’ lexical access, which varied across languages but were similar across ages. In French, word recognition was sensitive to phonological distance, with a looking preference for the familiar words with less feature changes from the mispronounced words. In German, word recognition was sensitive to the rhyme, with a looking preference for the familiar words rhyming with the mispronounced words. We discuss these findings in terms of task-specific effects and speculate about why a C-bias was not elicited in the current study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102070"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accent variation and the development of speech and language abilities","authors":"Katherine S. White , Elizabeth K. Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accent variation is a central feature of human language. As adults, we readily adapt to different varieties of our native language, but we also use accent information to make a variety of social inferences. Thus, our treatment of accents sits squarely at the intersection of language and social processing. Despite the ubiquity of accent variation and its importance in our mental lives, it was long absent from studies in the field of infant development. Although the complexities of bilingual input were recognized, the study of monolingual language development proceeded as if all infants were exposed to a single variety of their native language. This perspective shaped our theories of speech and language development. The first study to explore infants’ perception of accents was published in 2000. Over the past 25 years, there has been a steady increase in work on infants’ treatment of new accent varieties, their handling of multiple varieties in their natural input, and their accent-based social inferences. There is much left to be learned about just how infants navigate the rich tapestry of speech variation in their environments, but this work has already provided an important window into the nature of infants’ speech representations and has upended our understanding of how early links between language and social variation are formed. We conclude our review by highlighting how understanding infants’ treatment of accent variation is critical for developing models that can account for efficient speech and language development in linguistically diverse contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102065"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}