Infant Behavior & Development最新文献

{"title":"Composite scores for the NIH Baby Toolbox®.","authors":"Y Catherine Han, Elizabeth M Dworak, Maxwell Mansolf, Richard C Gershon, Aaron J Kaat","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The NIH Baby Toolbox® offers assessments spanning Cognition, Motor, and Social-Emotional Functioning domains and includes both measure-level and composite scores. Here, we describe the creation of eight composite scores, reflecting Language, Executive Function/Memory, Math, Cognition, Motor, Self-Regulation, Negative Affect, and Social Communication - key constructs in infant and toddler development. Using composite scores rather than measure-specific scores can offer a more holistic evaluation of functioning by combining measures, reducing the impact of outliers and measurement error. Using factor analysis, data from the original Baby Toolbox norming study (N = 2515 recruited; n = 2479 with at least one composite score; n = 2025 English, n = 454 Spanish) were analyzed to derive composite scores. Analyses were conducted on regression-weighted factor scores for individual measures to define composites. Psychometric properties were assessed using composite reliability, test-retest reliability, and external validation with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (3rd edition), Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (4th edition), and the child's age. Composite scores demonstrated excellent composite reliability, moderate to strong test-retest reliability, minimal practice effects for most scores, moderate and significant relations with most external measures, and moderate to strong correlations with age for abilities expected to improve with age. The Baby Toolbox composite scores offer a reliable, valid tool for assessing key areas of infant and toddler development. The evidence supporting their reliability and validity demonstrates their effectiveness as indicators of early cognitive, motor, and social-emotional growth, making them useful in clinical, research, and educational settings. This framework helps deepen our understanding and practical evaluation of developmental milestones during the early years.</p>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"80 ","pages":"102122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12424376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parent-infant interaction in the context of emerging neurodiversities: Neurofibromatosis 1 and elevated likelihood of ADHD","authors":"Gamze Kaplan ,&nbsp;Shruti Garg ,&nbsp;Debbie M. Smith ,&nbsp;Jannath Begum-Ali ,&nbsp;Emily J.H. Jones ,&nbsp;Jonathan Green ,&nbsp;Tony Charman ,&nbsp;Mark H. Johnson ,&nbsp;Ming Wai Wan ,&nbsp;EDEN-STAARS team","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are distinct conditions with similarities in developmental course. Research suggests that neurodivergent processes in both conditions begin in the first year, altering infant behaviour and how parents respond, over time reducing social-communicative opportunities for social brain development. This study aimed to investigate parent-infant interactions in both groups relative to typically developing infants (TD) at 10 and 14 months. We hypothesised that the infants with NF1 and infants at elevated likelihood of ADHD (EL-ADHD) would show less attentiveness to their parent and less mutual parent-infant interaction relative to TD controls, that attentiveness-to-parent would be particularly low in infants with NF1, and that liveliness and negative affect would be higher in infants with EL-ADHD. Parents and their infants with NF1, EL-ADHD and TD were videotaped during free play interactions and coded using validated rating scales. The two non-TD groups differed in their interactive patterns from the TD group and each other in ways somewhat consistent with the early behaviours that characterise each group. The NF1 group showed relatively less mutual interactions than the EL-ADHD group, and less parental sensitive responsiveness and parental directiveness than the TD group, while EL-ADHD infants were livelier and showed less negative affect relative to the other groups. Most main effects persisted over time. While longer-term follow-up in larger samples is needed, our findings highlight how children with neurodevelopmental conditions that are not primarily characterised by social communication difficulties may nonetheless come to have distinct social experiences in the first year of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102036"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infant’s motion adaptation with animal motion","authors":"Riku Umekawa ,&nbsp;So Kanazawa ,&nbsp;Masami K. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated motion adaptation with animal motion using optokinetic nystagmus responses in infants. Three movies depicting an animal running were presented,followed by the test random dot kinematogram. We predicted that viewing animal motions would shift OKN responses to the RDK in the opposite direction of animal motion. Results showed that motion adaptation shifted the OKN responses to the RDK in the opposite direction of animal motion in all infants. This suggests that 3–8 monthinfants were able to adapt to animal motion direction. This is the first study to reveal infants’ motion adaptation with animal motion using OKN response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102052"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging sensitivity to talking mouth in infants with low and elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder: A longitudinal study","authors":"Masahiro Hata ,&nbsp;Mingdi Xu ,&nbsp;Yoko Hakuno ,&nbsp;Eriko Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Yasuyo Minagawa","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The talker’s mouth provides significant multimodal information that supports language development. Studies have revealed that infants over 6 months of age show increased attention to the mouth of a talking face, which results in vocabulary growth. However, few studies have reported the relationship between early gaze behavior and later language development in infants with an elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (EL infants). Since ASD cannot be diagnosed in infancy, these infants provide a valuable opportunity to investigate early developmental differences in visual attention that may be associated with ASD. Therefore, we conducted a longitudinal eye-tracking experiment at ages 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months to investigate differences in gaze behavior between infants with a low likelihood of ASD (LL infants) and EL infants. We found that, exclusively in LL infants, the proportion of mouth-looking time significantly increased from 6 months to 9 months of age and remained relatively constant thereafter. In contrast, in EL infants, although the proportion of mouth-looking time gradually increased with age up to 24 months, their attentional change to talking mouth started later than that in LL infants. Furthermore, our results showed a conditionally positive relationship between mouth-looking and expressive vocabulary size in LL infants but not in EL infants. These findings indicate that EL infants may not utilize audiovisual information as valuable cues for language acquisition during infancy and toddlerhood, which may be a factor in their slow language development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102057"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of early skill profiles for infants across varying genetic likelihoods for neurodevelopmental disorders","authors":"A. Federico ,&nbsp;J. Bradshaw","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several infant behaviors spanning multiple developmental domains have been identified as promising markers of early neurodivergence, such as ADHD or ASD. Some of these early markers include social-communication differences, atypical attention, and motor deficits. Research involving early predictors of ADHD features in infants is scarcer than research involving early predictors of ASD. However, studies among school-age children have observed comparable profiles of language, attention, and motor skills between children with ASD and children with ADHD. Given that assessing early features of ASD and ADHD is fundamental to increasing earlier diagnoses, this study examined parent-reported social-communication, attention, and motor profiles across 12-month-old infants at elevated genetic likelihoods for ASD (EL-ASD) and ADHD (EL-ADHD), and low genetic likelihood for either disorder (LL). Parent responses on the CSBS-CG, FYI, and EMQ were compared across the three groups. Results showed EL-ASD participants as scoring lower than both LL and EL-ADHD participants on parent-reported social skills and attention constructs (Responding to and Initiating Social Attention). Although FYI constructs are meant to measure attention, the Responding to and Initiating Social Attention subscales also include aspects of social communication. Differences between EL-ADHD and LL infants on measures of social-communication, motor, and attention skills were not observed, suggesting that parent-reported differences between EL-ADHD and LL infants’ behavior may not be as detectable during infancy as those associated with ASD. Future research is required to further the understanding of developmental differences of infants with features of ADHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102039"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech perception 40 years after Werker and Tees (1984)","authors":"Ao Chen ,&nbsp;Martha E. Arterberry","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102035"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting intrinsic sex differences in STEM aptitude: Insights from infant development research twenty years after Spelke (2005)","authors":"Jillian Lauer","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The origins of gender inequalities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) remain debated. A key question is whether these inequalities arise from intrinsic sex differences in cognition and perception present in infancy, social and cultural influences experienced throughout development, or a combination of both. In a formative 2005 review, Spelke argued against intrinsic sex differences in STEM aptitude, citing myriad evidence of sex similarities in infant visual object preferences, numerical cognition, and spatial reasoning. This review reassesses Spelke’s claims in light of contemporary research on infant development within these domains. In contrast to Spelke’s arguments, the extant literature now suggests that sex differences in visual preferences and spatial processing emerge within the first year of life. However, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that such sex differences are intrinsic or contribute to later gender inequalities in STEM, aligning with Spelke’s broader conceptual thesis. The findings of this review underscore the need for integrative approaches to identifying the factors that give rise to early sex differences in object preferences and spatial processing, longitudinal research to assess the developmental stability of these sex differences, and diverse samples to inform developmental pathways that shape gender inequalities in STEM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102064"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extended kangaroo mother care – Examining the utility of skin-to-skin contact over the first year of life","authors":"Rukshan Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Kangaroo mother care which involves skin-to-skin contact (SSC) between mothers and newborns with support for exclusive breastfeeding, is an important innovation if practiced beyond the first week of life up to 1-year of age. We posit that extended SSC can benefit postpartum metabolic health.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Using a narrative literature review, we examine the interaction between hormones oxytocin and cortisol, which are either released or antagonized by the neural actions of skin-to-skin contact.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Oxytocin is released during SSC, which promotes attachment, improves parent-infant interactions and lowers levels of cortisol. No studies to date have reported SSC use beyond the first 5 to 7 weeks postpartum. Although no differences have been observed in infant body weight, increased head circumference has been noted among pre-term and low birth weight infants. Improved breastfeeding outcomes have also been observed. Oxytocin release is protective against type-2 diabetes and obesity in postpartum women, given its effects on β-cell function, improved insulin response and reduction of plasma glucose levels. Oxytocin has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and thermoregulatory effects. Hypothetical benefits due to oxytocin-cortisol dynamics, can be assumed for maternal posttraumatic stress, postpartum depression and anxiety. Sleep patterns, duration of crying and length of sleep are dose-dependent in effect. Postnatal skin-brain connection and thermoregulation via epidermal keratinocytes may mediate the relationship between SSC and autism spectrum disorder.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The extended use of SSC can lower dependence on pharmacotherapeutic options concerning postpartum mental health and galactagogue use while supporting maternal-infant psychosocial well-being and lowering stress via hormonal action and HPA-axis activation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102055"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A reappraisal of attachment theory: The role of affective touch","authors":"Francis McGlone,&nbsp;Lela Rankin","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102053"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of the quality of mother-infant feeding interactions across the first year: Reliability and stability of the parent-child early relational assessment","authors":"Roseanne Clark ,&nbsp;Roger L. Brown ,&nbsp;Karen F. Pridham","doi":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the psychometric properties of the Parent-Child Early Relational Assessment (PCERA) in the context of mother-infant feeding interaction. Utilizing a longitudinal design, data were collected from 114 mother-infant dyads, including healthy full-term infants and those born prematurely with diagnosed respiratory disease, one group with chronic respiratory disease (Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia) and the second group with acute respiratory disease (Respiratory Distress Syndrome). Observational data were collected at 1, 4, 8, and 12 months post-term age, focusing on parental behavior, infant variables, and dyadic interactions during feeding. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to assess the congeneric structure of the PCERA across three domains: parental, infant, and dyadic. Results indicated support for the congeneric model in all domains, demonstrating that each factor measured a single common latent variable despite variations in item loadings and error terms. Reliability analysis using Cronbach alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients revealed high internal consistency for all eight PCERA factors, indicative of robust measurement properties (Table 3). Further examination of factorial invariance across four time periods (1, 4, 8, and 12 months) demonstrated consistent measurement properties of the PCERA factors throughout the infant's first year of life. This finding suggests stability and reliability in measuring the underlying constructs of mother-infant feeding interaction over time. The study underscores the utility of the PCERA as an observational tool for assessing various dimensions of parent-child interaction during feeding. Findings support its application in diverse settings, including the study of infants with complex medical conditions, such as prematurity and respiratory disease. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of examining parent and infant characteristics as predictors of feeding interaction quality, aiming to identify dyads at risk of poorer interaction outcomes and inform clinical interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48222,"journal":{"name":"Infant Behavior & Development","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 102038"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}