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The diversity we breath: Community diversity and gas leak management 我们呼吸的多样性社区多样性与气体泄漏管理
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104037
Felipe Jordán , Enrico Di Gregorio
{"title":"The diversity we breath: Community diversity and gas leak management","authors":"Felipe Jordán ,&nbsp;Enrico Di Gregorio","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diversity might reduce the ability of small-scale communities to protect local resources through its adverse impact on collective action and individual attachment. Using geocoded data on more than 1500 Grade-3 gas leaks in 2016 across Boston and Cambridge, MA, we show that when a leak emerges in a narrowly-defined area with higher ethno-racial fractionalization it enjoys lower chances of end-year reparation. After accounting for socio-economic and infrastructural factors, our preferred estimate suggests that moving from the 10th to the 90th percentile of the fractionalization distribution is associated to a 5.7 percentage point decrease in the probability of reparation, compared with an already low average of 3.7%. This result is robust to different definitions of the community surrounding a leak and to the inclusion of competing measures of diversity. Consistent with our framework, social capital appears to be especially lower in communities fragmented across ethno-racial lines. In turn, lower social capital is negatively associated to leak reparation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104037"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recreational cannabis dispensary access effects on prescription opioid use and mortality 休闲大麻药房对处方类阿片使用和死亡率的影响
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104036
W. Jason Beasley , Steven J. Dundas
{"title":"Recreational cannabis dispensary access effects on prescription opioid use and mortality","authors":"W. Jason Beasley ,&nbsp;Steven J. Dundas","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While opioid prescribing rates have fallen since 2012, opioid mortality in the United States (US) climbed to record highs in 2022, per CDC reports. In the last decade, evidence emerged that recreational cannabis legislation (RCL) may help mitigate adverse opioid-related outcomes. Yet, the empirical evidence on the relationship between RCL and opioid misuse as a whole is inconsistent and possibly spurious, given common estimation methods. Studies reporting beneficial associations between RCL and opioid mortality tend to avoid the mechanism of change, often assuming mortality benefits stem from substituting cannabis for opioids. We test this relationship using prescription opioid quantities and access to recreational cannabis in the US state of Oregon. Our approach uses within-state variation in distance to recreational dispensary access generated by RCL and prior volumes of legal opioid use to assess the impact of dispensary access on prescription opioids. Results suggest that communities located closer to recreational dispensaries are associated with lower rates of prescription opioids per capita. We also show that reasonable bounds to our primary specification suggest communities located within a mile from a recreational dispensary have prescription opioid rates per capita that are 1.0–3.9 percent lower than surrounding communities. Despite the reduction, we find no evidence that reducing barriers to cannabis access and subsequent declines in prescription opioids are associated with meaningful changes in opioid mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141324559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Political governance and urban systems: A persistent shock on population distribution from capital relocation in ancient China 政治治理与城市体系：中国古代迁都对人口分布的持续冲击
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104034
Ming Lu , Haijun Ou , Yuejun Zhong
{"title":"Political governance and urban systems: A persistent shock on population distribution from capital relocation in ancient China","authors":"Ming Lu ,&nbsp;Haijun Ou ,&nbsp;Yuejun Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper exploits a quasi-natural experiment with the exogenous shock of capital relocation in ancient China from Nanjing to Beijing in 1421 CE during the Ming Dynasty, to investigate the relationship between political governance and urban systems. We constructed a unique historical panel dataset that measures population distributions among Chinese counties spanning over centuries. Using a difference-in-differences identification strategy, our results reveal that after the capital relocation, the effect of localities' distance to Beijing, the newly established capital at that time, on local population size turns to be significantly negative. Moreover, these effects still persisted in the next dynasty and modern China. Furthermore, the results indicate that the impact of the capital relocation on population distribution occur through two major channels of political governance: delivery and national security. The causal relationship between capital relocation and population distribution is demonstrated to be robust using a variety of identification strategies and robustness checks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141302547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pirate attacks and the shape of the Italian urban system 海盗袭击与意大利城市体系的形态
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104035
Antonio Accetturo , Michele Cascarano , Guido de Blasio
{"title":"Pirate attacks and the shape of the Italian urban system","authors":"Antonio Accetturo ,&nbsp;Michele Cascarano ,&nbsp;Guido de Blasio","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>From the sixteenth to the early nineteenth century, coastal areas of Italy (especially, in the south-west) were subject to attacks by pirates launched from the shores of Northern Africa. This paper studies the long-run impact of these events. We show that in areas that were more exposed to raids, easier-to-defend but less productive locations ended up in being relatively more populated. The consequences of pirates’ attacks were still visible in the first part of the twentieth century and ceased to be statistically significant after the 1960s.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141294654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The urban economics of retail 零售业的城市经济学
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104026
Ioulia V. Ossokina , Jan Svitak , Coen N. Teulings
{"title":"The urban economics of retail","authors":"Ioulia V. Ossokina ,&nbsp;Jan Svitak ,&nbsp;Coen N. Teulings","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using property-level data from 327 larger shopping areas in the Netherlands, we show that the spatial structure of a shopping area resembles a monocentric city in miniature. Just like a monocentric city, a shopping area has a pronounced centre where the rents are the highest and the vacancy the lowest, and a negative retail rent gradient from this centre to the edges. The average retail rent gradient is −17% per 100 m distance, and the vacancy is one and a half times higher at the edge than in the centre. Our model gives insights into how shopping areas respond to downfall in demand, both in the short and long run. Our data, covering the Great Recession, from 2009 to 2012, lend support to these predictions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104026"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166046224000504/pdfft?md5=cd27a234a842ffd564d2d9718fff30b9&pid=1-s2.0-S0166046224000504-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do households value lower density: Theory, evidence, and implications from Washington, DC 家庭是否重视低密度：华盛顿特区的理论、证据和影响
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104023
Chuanhao Lin
{"title":"Do households value lower density: Theory, evidence, and implications from Washington, DC","authors":"Chuanhao Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A substantial literature demonstrates that zoning restrictions on building height or density lower supply and increase housing prices. However, negative externalities due to household preferences for lower neighborhood density could justify restrictions on private developers. Thus building density in a laissez-faire city may be above the welfare maximizing level. The potential external costs of height and density are tested here and found to be substantial. Increased building separation appears to mitigate the external cost of height. This implies that some level of density or floor regulation (FAR) may be welfare-enhancing, and that the gap between price and marginal construction cost may overstate the social cost of zoning because households value lower density. The analysis considers residential density and not employment density which can give rise to other types of externalities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141250988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gender and racial disparities in altruism in social networks 社交网络中利他主义的性别和种族差异
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104025
Chih-Sheng Hsieh , Xu Lin
{"title":"Gender and racial disparities in altruism in social networks","authors":"Chih-Sheng Hsieh ,&nbsp;Xu Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper studies gender and racial disparities in altruism among social network members who are endogenously linked. We specify group (gender or race) specific altruistic interactions models, as well as intra- and inter-group altruistic interactions models, to capture the heterogeneous patterns of altruism associated with the characteristics of two individuals in pairs. We apply the models to the Add Health data to identify altruism and social interaction effects on academic achievement and smoking behaviors among adolescents. The results indicate that females are generally more altruistic than males, and whites appear to be the most altruistic racial group. We also find that blacks exhibit spiteful effects towards other black students who are considered to “act white.”</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104025"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141143398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social Networks and Brexit: Evidence from a Trade Shock 社交网络与英国脱欧：来自贸易冲击的证据
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104024
Andreas Mastrosavvas
{"title":"Social Networks and Brexit: Evidence from a Trade Shock","authors":"Andreas Mastrosavvas","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Regional exposure to Chinese import competition has often been linked to support for the Leave option in the 2016 UK EU membership referendum. Looking at 143 harmonised International Territorial Level 3 (ITL3) regions covering England and Wales, and using data on the density of online social ties between them, I show that regional support for leaving the EU was also associated with exposure in socially connected regions. I first delineate 18 commuting zones based on interregional flows over three Census years. For each region, I then construct a measure of own exposure to Chinese import competition and a measure of exposure in a set of social neighbours located outside its commuting zone. Exploiting variation within commuting zones, and using an instrumental variable approach, I find that the two measures have comparable positive effects on the regional share of the Leave vote. In a series of checks, I do not find evidence that the effect of social neighbours’ exposure is driven by an economic channel or a relationship between import competition and social ties. I also corroborate the regional results using survey data on vote choice. I interpret these findings as indicative of social spillovers between local labour markets: information flows from social neighbours are a likely channel behind the estimated spillover effects on voting outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104024"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166046224000486/pdfft?md5=52c36dc1ff583432a72ad95e970d1ffa&pid=1-s2.0-S0166046224000486-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141143748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stuck in traffic: Measuring congestion externalities with negative supply shocks 堵在路上测量负供给冲击下的拥堵外部性
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104013
Roberto Mosquera
{"title":"Stuck in traffic: Measuring congestion externalities with negative supply shocks","authors":"Roberto Mosquera","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Congestion is one of the most challenging issues of urban agglomeration. Congestion costs are higher than socially optimal levels, and more information is needed about the key parameters required to design optimal policies. This paper exploits an exogenous reduction in for-hire vehicle supply in New York City to estimate their effect on travel speed and document substitution patterns to other transportation modes. A 9.1 percent decrease in taxis is associated with increased travel speed by 0.45 min per mile, a 7.2 percent increase. Consumer surplus gains from increased speed fade as waiting times increase and people switch to other transportation modes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 104013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A study on the benefit incidence of a place-based education fee reduction program: Evidence from a local housing market in China 基于地方的教育收费减免计划的收益率研究：来自中国地方住房市场的证据
IF 3.1 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104010
Yugang Tang , Meng-Wei Chen , Hehe Zhang
{"title":"A study on the benefit incidence of a place-based education fee reduction program: Evidence from a local housing market in China","authors":"Yugang Tang ,&nbsp;Meng-Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Hehe Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper studies an Education Fee Reduction and Exemption Program for preschool childcare in Jinan, China, to explore the benefit incidence among different stakeholders by observing how housing prices and rents change in response to this program and by employing a method of difference-in-differences combined with boundary discontinuity. The empirical findings indicate that the housing prices in the experimental area rose by 5–7 percent while the rents rose by 10–13 percent due to the capitalization effects of this equalization program. Falsification tests are conducted using artificial boundaries and fake policy implementation dates. A back-of-the-envelope welfare analysis demonstrates that a considerable portion of the program's benefits is offset by house price increases for new home buyers and rent increases for tenants, with significant distributional implications for different stakeholders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 104010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140775400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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