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Your room is ready: Tourism and urban revival 您的房间已准备就绪旅游业与城市复兴
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104059
{"title":"Your room is ready: Tourism and urban revival","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tourism is an essential sector of the global economy, contributing significantly to GDP and employment. Despite its importance, our understanding of its impact on urban economic activity remains limited. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining the impact of tourism on urban transformation using a dataset of hotel openings in Madrid from 2001–2010. I show that hotel openings positively impact the number of establishments and employment by using the number of protected buildings as an instrumental variable to account for the non-random distribution of hotel openings. Interestingly, hotel openings contribute to changes in the composition of the economic activities and the business structures, enhancing tourist-oriented corporate-owned businesses over other individual-owned companies. Finally, economic effects extend to the real estate market, increasing rental prices and residential investment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Employer-provided parking: Departure time choice, investment decision, and welfare effects 雇主提供的停车位：出发时间选择、投资决策和福利效应
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104056
{"title":"Employer-provided parking: Departure time choice, investment decision, and welfare effects","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Employer-provided parking (EP) has become a prevalent way to reduce employees' parking delays and late arrivals through offering them free or low-price parking spaces at the workplace. This paper explores the EP effects on employees' trip scheduling, employer's EP investment decision, and commercial parking operator's pricing decision. An analytical trip scheduling equilibrium model is first presented to model the interaction between EP provision and employees' departure time choices during morning commute. A profit maximization model incorporating the employee productivity is then developed to determine the employer's optimal EP investment decision. A competitive game between employer's investment decision and commercial parking operator's parking pricing decision is analytically investigated, together with the effects of EP investment on social welfare. The results show that the EP investment can lead to a win-win situation with decreased employee commuting cost and increased firm production output; and the employer would like to provide only part of the employees with EP services. The competitive game solutions depend very much on the marginal costs of EP and commercial parking spaces. The EP investment with an excessively high commercial parking fee may hurt the society due to decreased social welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rational cuts? The local impact of closing undersized schools 合理削减？关闭规模不足的学校对当地的影响
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104057
{"title":"Rational cuts? The local impact of closing undersized schools","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The availability of public education services can influence residential choices. Therefore, policies aimed at ‘rationalising’ service provision by reducing the number of undersized nodes in the public school network can lead to population decline, especially in spatially isolated areas lacking valid alternatives to the removed services. This paper examines the demographic and income effects of primary school closures by exploiting an Italian education reform that resulted in the contraction of the school network. We assess whether school closures impact households’ residential choices, over and above preexisting negative population trends that motivate school closures. Our findings indicate that municipalities affected by school closures experience significant reductions in population and income. The effect is primarily driven by peripheral municipalities located far away from economic centres and distant from the next available primary school. This evidence indicates that school ‘rationalisation policies’, by fostering depopulation of peripheral areas, have an influence on the spatial distribution of households and income, thus affecting territorial disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Centrality bias in inter-city trade 城市间贸易的中心性偏差
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104060
{"title":"Centrality bias in inter-city trade","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using Japanese inter-city trade data, we find a substantial centrality bias in aggregate gravity estimations: Shipments from large cities (central places) to their hinterland are 50%–125% larger than predicted by gravity forces. We argue that this discrepancy results from aggregating across industries, that concentrate in a few central places, which predominantly serve their respective hinterlands. Decomposing the centrality bias along the margins of our data, we attribute most of the centrality bias to substantially larger extensive industry margins in exports from larger cities to their smaller hinterland cities than vice versa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The fiscal effects of immigration on local governments: Revisiting the Mariel Boatlift 移民对地方政府的财政影响：重新审视马里埃尔漂流事件
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104053
{"title":"The fiscal effects of immigration on local governments: Revisiting the Mariel Boatlift","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immigration raises important political and economic questions, yet there remains considerable disagreement about its short- and long-term consequences. This paper examines the fiscal consequences of immigration for local governments. Previous work has highlighted the gap between the long-term economic benefits of immigration and the short-term fiscal burden posed by recent arrivals, however several influential estimates based on cash-flow accounting suffer from potential bias. I use a quasi-experimental approach to re-examine a famous case: the large wave of Cuban refugees that landed in Miami in 1980, otherwise known as the Mariel Boatlift. Using a synthetic control design, I find that per-pupil education costs increased in Miami in the aftermath of the Boatlift, financed by an increase in state transfers. These effects persisted for at least ten years. The results shed light on the heterogeneous impacts of immigration over time and space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Public firms on an international border: A model of spatial price discrimination 国际边界上的上市公司：空间价格歧视模型
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104054
{"title":"Public firms on an international border: A model of spatial price discrimination","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper uniquely examines an international mixed oligopoly in a model of spatial price discrimination. It isolates the importance of the location of the border showing a variety of equilibria depending on the nationality and placement of the private rivals. While the presence of a public firm often improves domestic welfare, it need not. Moreover, a prisoner's dilemma can exist in which each country would benefit from the privatization of both public firms but neither country has a unilateral incentive to privatize. The implications are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial externalities, R&D spillovers, and endogenous technological change 空间外部性、研发溢出效应和内生技术变革
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104055
{"title":"Spatial externalities, R&D spillovers, and endogenous technological change","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forward-looking economic agents operating in a finite continuous geographic area choose how much to innovate at each point in time and space. Based on this assumption, the present study incorporates spatial interactions in endogenous growth models, addressing the criticism that such models are inconsistent with empirical evidence. More specifically, we introduce spatial production spillovers, knowledge diffusion across space, and the capability for spatial heterogeneity into a standard expanding variety growth model based on R&amp;D. We study the properties of equilibrium and optimal allocations and argue that the characteristics are different from those of the non-spatial model, which alter the appropriate policy measures. Finally, we provide numerical examples demonstrating the importance of spatial dependent policy measures in achieving a balanced regional development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Brand loyalty, managerial delegation and position choices: Bertrand versus Cournot competition 品牌忠诚度、管理授权和职位选择：伯特兰竞争与库诺竞争
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104052
{"title":"Brand loyalty, managerial delegation and position choices: Bertrand versus Cournot competition","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a mature product market, brands compete aggressively with each other using a marketing mix that includes position, pricing, and managerial delegation to win loyal customers and gain a larger market share. We examine the effects of brand loyalty on the endogenous choices of managerial compensation contracts and optimal brand positions in an uncovered market model. We analytically compare 18 symmetric and asymmetric mutual delegation cases associated with three delegation schemes—no delegation, sales delegation and relative performance (RP) delegation—in the Bertrand and Cournot competition modes. In the case of symmetric mutual contracts, under Bertrand competition, a price commitment effect resulting from the delegation decision weakens the competition, inducing higher prices and profits for both brands regardless of the type of delegation scheme. Under Cournot competition, delegation decisions can be viewed as signals to promote competition, intensifying the degree of competition. To acquire more loyal customers and higher profits, mutual RP delegation is the dominant choice under Bertrand competition, whereas mutual profit maximization is the dominant choice under Cournot competition. Furthermore, the social welfare is the highest when both brands optimally choose the RP delegation under Bertrand or optimally choose no delegation under Cournot; however, consumer surpluses are the lowest in both optimal cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of historic amenities in shaping cities 历史景观在塑造城市中的作用
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104042
{"title":"The role of historic amenities in shaping cities","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The existence of amenities matters to understanding people’s residential choices. Our theoretical model extends the standard urban model by introducing exogenous amenities to explain population allocation within cities. To estimate the model predictions, we focus on historic amenities using detailed geolocated data for 579 European cities. We analyze how the shape of city centers endowed or not endowed with these amenities is affected. We measure historic amenities with the location of buildings from the Roman, Medieval, and Renaissance–Baroque periods. Our results show that cities with historic buildings in their centers have steeper population density gradients, are more compact and centralized, and have been less affected by the suburbanization processes caused by transportation improvements. Heterogeneity analyses show that the quantity and the quality of historic buildings also matter. Several robustness checks controlling for natural and modern amenities and testing for the spatial scope of these amenities verify our main results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Capital as an anchor of agricultural employment: Evidence from the 1975 frost 资本是农业就业的支柱：1975 年霜冻的证据
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104041
{"title":"Capital as an anchor of agricultural employment: Evidence from the 1975 frost","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>How do temporary shocks affect the spatial distribution of employment in agriculture? I investigate this question by examining the 1975 frost that damaged coffee trees in Brazil. I find that the frost persistently affected the spatial distribution of employment in agriculture. To identify the effects of the capital destruction from the frost, I compare changes in agricultural employment across local economies that had different coffee tree densities right before the frost and that were differently affected by the extreme weather. The frost resulted in a persistent decline in agricultural employment. The findings are consistent with a history versus expectations model in which fixed and specific capital (such as coffee trees) prevents multiple equilibria despite strategic complementarities in crop choice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141934269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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