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Urban pull: The roles of amenities and employment 城市拉动：便利设施和就业的作用
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104127
Naomi Hausman , Peleg Samuels , Maxime Cohen , Roy Sasson
{"title":"Urban pull: The roles of amenities and employment","authors":"Naomi Hausman ,&nbsp;Peleg Samuels ,&nbsp;Maxime Cohen ,&nbsp;Roy Sasson","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper leverages new measurement of neighborhood consumption amenities to demonstrate that housing prices and rents in U.S. cities are likely determined nearly as much by access to amenities as by access to employment. We extend the Alonso–Muth–Mills model, allowing residents to derive utility from within-city trips to amenities. The model delivers standard estimable log-linear pricing equations as well as new measures of local amenities—based on a destination’s popularity during leisure hours—and of access to consumption amenities city wide. We find our amenity measures add substantial explanatory power, have large effects in magnitude, and reduce naive estimates of commute costs by 30%. Elasticities of rents with respect to employment access are 20%–50% larger than those with respect to amenity access. The findings hold using a variety of alternative measures and are neither driven by density nor fully explained by the locations of business establishments. These results suggest the potential resilience of cities to changes in employment locations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimating commuter benefits of a new transit system: Evidence from New York City’s ferry service 估算新交通系统的通勤效益：来自纽约市渡轮服务的证据
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104132
Justin Tyndall
{"title":"Estimating commuter benefits of a new transit system: Evidence from New York City’s ferry service","authors":"Justin Tyndall","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper estimates the impact of a new transit system on worker outcomes, accounting for endogenous worker decisions. I examine the phased opening of New York City’s commuter ferry system. I find evidence of a small but significant shift in commuting flows, towards routes with ferry service, driven by middle-to-high-income workers. I then propose and estimate a novel structural neighborhood choice model that recovers workers’ valuation of ferry service and the aggregate effects of the system on employment. Higher-income workers display a stronger preference for the ferry. Ferry routes also match the location preferences of higher-income workers, allowing these workers to capture almost all direct benefits from the new system. Differing home and work location preferences across income groups largely determine who benefits from a new transit system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Productivity and wage effects of an exogenous improvement in transport infrastructure: Accessibility and the Great Belt Bridge 交通基础设施外生改善对生产率和工资的影响：可达性和大带桥
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104133
Bruno De Borger , Ismir Mulalic , Jan Rouwendal
{"title":"Productivity and wage effects of an exogenous improvement in transport infrastructure: Accessibility and the Great Belt Bridge","authors":"Bruno De Borger ,&nbsp;Ismir Mulalic ,&nbsp;Jan Rouwendal","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we study the productivity and wage effects of a large and very localized discrete shock in the quality of transport infrastructure, viz. the opening of the Great Belt Bridge connecting the Copenhagen area with the neighboring island Funen and the mainland of Denmark. We focus on two effects: (i) an accessibility externality, captured via changes in an accessibility indicator at the municipal level; (ii) better matching of workers to jobs, enabled by to the shorter travel times after the opening of the bridge. We can disentangle the accessibility and matching effects, because better matching is only realized via new commutes crossing the Great Belt after the opening of the bridge. Our results show that the increased accessibility had significant positive effects on productivity as well as wages, the latter being much more localized. The productivity effects of improved labour market matching are larger than the accessibility effects, but they are restricted to a small share of the firms. We find a modest wage effect of better matching, suggesting that employees get a small wage increase on top of the commuting cost savings associated with the opening of the bridge. Overall, the estimates suggest that firms benefited more from the opening of the bridge than did workers. Moreover, the bridge benefited mainly highly educated and male workers, and it increased wage inequality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-speed rail opening and urban air quality 高铁开通与城市空气质量
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104134
Zhilong Qin , Xiaoguang Chen , Luoye Chen
{"title":"High-speed rail opening and urban air quality","authors":"Zhilong Qin ,&nbsp;Xiaoguang Chen ,&nbsp;Luoye Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We quantify the air quality impact of China's first major HSR line connecting Beijing and Shanghai, operational since June 30, 2011. Using high-resolution satellite data, we find a 6.2 % reduction in particulate matter concentrations in counties served by the HSR during the six months following its opening, with effects strengthening over time and persisting for at least two years. These improvements are larger in counties with HSR stations, high interregional travel demand, or limited alternative transportation options. We estimate that the HSR opening yields external health benefits of approximately CNY 21 billion annually, accounting for a substantial portion of its construction costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tax progressivity and mobility costs 税收累进性和流动性成本
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104126
Daniele Coen-Pirani
{"title":"Tax progressivity and mobility costs","authors":"Daniele Coen-Pirani","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines how mobility costs influence the effectiveness and desirability of tax progressivity using a general equilibrium spatial model. A key feature of the model is that workers’ idiosyncratic productivity depends on location. The interaction of amenities, idiosyncratic shocks and moving costs implies that progressive taxation distorts location choices by reducing incentives for agents to relocate to their most productive areas. Using a quantitative framework, I find that the negative effect of tax progressivity on output is weakest when mobility costs are either relatively low or high. The optimal degree of tax progressivity balances the costs of spatial tax distortions against the benefits of enhanced insurance, leading to relatively high optimal progressivity at both extremes of mobility costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144587750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vintage effects in commercial real estate and the dynamics of the built environment 商业地产中的古着效应和建筑环境的动态
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104131
Jan Rouwendal , Or Levkovich , Edwin Buitelaar , Jip Claassens
{"title":"Vintage effects in commercial real estate and the dynamics of the built environment","authors":"Jan Rouwendal ,&nbsp;Or Levkovich ,&nbsp;Edwin Buitelaar ,&nbsp;Jip Claassens","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper demonstrates that the prices of older commercial buildings increase relative to younger ones. We argue that this is a ‘vintage effect’ that is due to the increasing valuation of older buildings by their marginal occupant in an expanding market. We show that this effect is not due to local price trends, or listing or preservation zones. Furthermore, it is not confined to urban locations or buildings visible from main roads, and it is most pronounced for buildings constructed before 1960. Repeat sales analysis confirms the results of hedonic regressions. Further analysis of the office market, for which the vintage effect is strongest, confirms that survival probabilities and occupancy rates are highest for older buildings. These findings suggest that commercial buildings have a longer lifespan than is often thought, making the built environment less dynamic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatial wage differentials, geographic frictions and the organization of labor within firms 空间工资差异、地理摩擦和企业内部的劳动力组织
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104128
Camilo Acosta , Ditte Håkonsson Lyngemark
{"title":"Spatial wage differentials, geographic frictions and the organization of labor within firms","authors":"Camilo Acosta ,&nbsp;Ditte Håkonsson Lyngemark","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies the spatial organization of firms, both theoretically and empirically. Two new facts in Danish register data motivate the analysis: (i) firms have become increasingly spatially fragmented, and (ii) headquarters (HQ) establishments have become more manager-intensive. We develop and estimate a structural model in which firms allocate labor across establishments and produce non-rival, manager-intensive HQ services. Identification relies on exogenous variation in labor supply induced by commuting-augmented immigration shocks. We estimate elasticities of substitution across establishments of −9.8 for workers and −1.1 for managers, consistent with firms reallocating general labor more easily than managerial inputs. Our decomposition shows that rising managerial wages at HQs – interacted with firm-level scale effects – explain about half of the observed increase in HQ managerial intensity, highlighting the importance of intangible internal inputs in shaping firm spatial structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Federal tax policy and the capitalization of local public goods 联邦税收政策和地方公共产品的资本化
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104129
Brent W. Ambrose , Maxence Valentin
{"title":"Federal tax policy and the capitalization of local public goods","authors":"Brent W. Ambrose ,&nbsp;Maxence Valentin","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the connection between federal tax policies and the capitalization of local public goods into housing prices, focusing on the deduction of State and Local Taxes (SALT). In the United States, taxpayers can deduct taxes paid to local jurisdictions from their federal taxable incomes, effectively reducing the net cost of local public goods. We develop a theoretical model of local public goods capitalization that predicts a higher capitalization of public goods in jurisdictions with a greater share of residents who deduct local taxes. We test this prediction by exploiting local exposure to national fiscal changes from the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) in a shift-share instrumental variable framework. Using school district spending, we find empirical support that a higher share of residents deducting property taxes causes a greater capitalization of local public spending. In particular, a one-standard-deviation increase in school spending corresponds to a 1.2% decrease in house value in school districts where no resident deducts property taxes but to a 2.8% rise in values in districts where 25% of the residents take advantage of the property tax deduction. Our results thus emphasize the importance of the interaction between local and national policies when evaluating the optimal level of local public good provision, and provide guidance for evaluating the future of the SALT deductions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complexity and colocation of the college-educated: Sort of complements 受过大学教育的人的复杂性和位置：有点互补
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104105
Curtis J. Simon
{"title":"Complexity and colocation of the college-educated: Sort of complements","authors":"Curtis J. Simon","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kremer (1993) proposed that complementarity between highly skilled workers who are employed in firms with complex production processes would motivate both the firms and the workers they employ to colocate geographically, but thus far empirical work has focused on complementarity at the firm and industry level. This paper uses Census and American Community Survey data between 1960 and 2020 on 561 cities to present new evidence on high-skill complementarity among college-educated workers at and below the city level. The findings include: (1) More complex occupations and industries employ higher college shares; (2) Cities with higher overall college shares employ higher college shares within an industry or occupation; (3) More complex industries and occupations tend to exhibit larger gradients of college share with respect to city college share; (4) Cities with higher college shares tend to house more complex mixes of industries and occupations; (5) Below the city level, (a) college share in an industry tends to be higher, the higher the college share in industries up- and downstream; (b) college share in an occupation tends to be higher, the higher the college share in the remainder of the industry; and (6) More complex industries and occupations tend to exhibit larger (sub-city) gradients. Finally, analysis of college wages supports the hypothesis that productivity-related factors are at work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reexamining lackluster productivity growth in construction 重新审视建筑业生产率增长乏力
IF 3.5 2区 经济学
Regional Science and Urban Economics Pub Date : 2025-04-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104107
Daniel Garcia, Raven Molloy
{"title":"Reexamining lackluster productivity growth in construction","authors":"Daniel Garcia,&nbsp;Raven Molloy","doi":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2025.104107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Of all major industries, construction is the only one to have registered negative average productivity growth since 1987. Mechanically, this lackluster performance owes to the fact that indexes measuring the cost of building a constant-quality structure have risen much faster than those measuring the cost of producing other goods. We assess the extent to which growth in construction costs could be biased upward by improvements in unobserved structure quality. Even under generous assumptions, our estimates of the magnitude of this bias are not large enough to alter the view that construction-sector productivity growth has been weak. Next, we calculate new estimates of single-family residential construction productivity growth by state and metropolitan area from 1980 to 2019. These estimates reveal that productivity has declined the most in areas with a larger fraction of construction in the urban core and with tighter housing supply constraints, especially in locations with long permitting times.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48196,"journal":{"name":"Regional Science and Urban Economics","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 104107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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