Development and Change最新文献_第7页

Undoing Aid: UK Aid Cuts, Development Relationships and Resourcing Futures in Malawi 取消援助：英国对马拉维援助的削减、发展关系和未来的资源配置

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12810

Alyssa Morley, Rachel Silver

{"title":"Undoing Aid: UK Aid Cuts, Development Relationships and Resourcing Futures in Malawi","authors":"Alyssa Morley, Rachel Silver","doi":"10.1111/dech.12810","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dech.12810","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The decision of the United Kingdom government to reduce its Official Development Assistance by £ 4.6 billion in 2020 was framed by its proponents as a nationalist response to a domestic financial crisis. This Conservative-led austerity measure triggered the early closure of hundreds of aid projects globally. Concerned British politicians equated the cuts to moral failures as humanitarian and civil society actors claimed the lost funding would devastate the world's most vulnerable populations. In the vast space between British funders and the so-called ‘beneficiaries’ of aid is a diverse cadre of mid-level actors ‘doing’ and, in this case, ‘un-doing’ development programming. This article examines their experiences in prematurely closing British-funded projects in one postcolonial context, Malawi. Drawing upon semi-structured interviews, the article explores the emotional, material and relational consequences of austerity. It builds on Didier Fassin's theorization of moral economies to argue that the timing and approach of this funding withdrawal violated the accepted moral economies of aid, breaching obligations between Malawian mid-level aid workers and community members (including family) as well as among institutions. It concludes by considering how this particular rupture to the relational infrastructure of aid has prompted demands for recalibrated resourcing futures in Malawi.</p>","PeriodicalId":48194,"journal":{"name":"Development and Change","volume":"54 6","pages":"1452-1479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dech.12810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vaccine Hesitancy among Informal Workers: Gendered Geographies of Informality in Lahore 非正规工人不愿接种疫苗：拉合尔非正规性的性别地理学

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12807

Shandana Mohmand, Vanessa van den Boogaard, Max Gallien, Umair Javed

{"title":"Vaccine Hesitancy among Informal Workers: Gendered Geographies of Informality in Lahore","authors":"Shandana Mohmand, Vanessa van den Boogaard, Max Gallien, Umair Javed","doi":"10.1111/dech.12807","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dech.12807","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>What is the relationship between trust in the state and vaccine hesitancy among a marginalized sub-population? This article explores attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination programmes of informal workers in the context of Lahore, Pakistan, and draws on in-depth conversations with informal workers across four sectors in 2021. It finds a surprising disconnect between vaccine scepticism and actual decisions to have the vaccination. Those that were vaccinated did not necessarily believe in its effectiveness, while trust in the state did not critically shape health-seeking behaviour. The article observes striking sectoral variation in perceptions of the pandemic and willingness to get vaccinated, with greater scepticism and hesitancy among male-dominated street vendors and transport workers relative to females working as home-based sub-contractors and domestic workers. It argues that this is driven by workers’ heterogeneous access to and interaction with work and public space, which shaped how they experienced lockdowns, interacted with the state and other actors during the pandemic and perceived the risks of the pandemic. The article's findings highlight heterogeneous dynamics within the informal economy, which it refers to as the gendered geographies of work and movement, and how these can play a critical role in shaping responses to public health measures beyond the context of the informal economy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48194,"journal":{"name":"Development and Change","volume":"54 6","pages":"1504-1527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decomposing India's Trade Ratio: 1980–2021 印度贸易比率分解：1980-2021 年

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12806

Advait Moharir, Arjun Jayadev, J.W. Mason

引用次数: 0

Victoria Chick's Keynes in Time 维多利亚·奇克的《凯恩斯的时代

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12795

Geoff Tily

引用次数: 0

The Financialization of Coffee, Cocoa and Cotton Value Chains: The Role of Physical Actors 咖啡、可可和棉花价值链的金融化：实体行为者的作用

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12802

Bernhard Tröster, Ulrich Gunter

{"title":"The Financialization of Coffee, Cocoa and Cotton Value Chains: The Role of Physical Actors","authors":"Bernhard Tröster, Ulrich Gunter","doi":"10.1111/dech.12802","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dech.12802","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prices of cash crops impact the livelihoods of millions of households in developing countries. While the influence of speculators on global commodity prices determined through derivatives exchanges is extensively discussed, the contribution of hedgers to short-term changes in futures prices has largely been disregarded in the financialization of commodities discourse over the past two decades. This results in a failure to account for the interconnected activities of increasingly consolidated lead firms within physical global value chains (GVCs) and derivatives markets. This article examines the pricing and hedging strategies of lead firms in the coffee, cocoa and cotton GVCs in relation to their activities on commodity derivatives markets. Based on Open Interest data as an indicator of derivatives markets activity, a measure of buying and selling pressure by trader categories is applied in a Generalized ARCH (GARCH) model. The findings of this article show that hedgers’ activities allow speculators to drive global benchmark prices so that they can benefit through combinations of financial hedging and physical trading strategies. As these practices of lead firms contribute to the transmission of futures prices along GVCs, smallholders and other actors in cash crops in producer countries are exposed to heightened price changes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48194,"journal":{"name":"Development and Change","volume":"54 6","pages":"1550-1574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139211709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pushcarts and Fountains: Masculinity, Agency and Labour Culture among Water Workers of N'Djamena, Chad 推车与喷泉：乍得恩贾梅纳水务工人的男子气概、代理权和劳动文化

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12801

Ismaël Maazaz

{"title":"Pushcarts and Fountains: Masculinity, Agency and Labour Culture among Water Workers of N'Djamena, Chad","authors":"Ismaël Maazaz","doi":"10.1111/dech.12801","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dech.12801","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Waters fountain managers and private porters are essential workers operating in N'Djamena, the capital of Chad. Striving to supply water to areas and households that do not have connections to Chad's official provider, the Société Tchadienne des Eaux, water workers are subjected to a regulatory framework which complicates already precarious situations. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork around water spots in peripheral and working-class neighbourhoods of N'Djamena, this article argues that precariousness and constraints associated with water labour produce a specific form of masculine working culture. This culture combines manifestations of solidarity with a flexible set of unspoken rules and norms. Designed as a response to precarity, harsh constraints and uncertainties, this culture has managed to prevail despite high turnover among workers. It identifies water workers as a distinct socio-economic group. By turning the spotlight on this original, gendered infrastructure of water labour as shaped by workers’ solidarity, interaction with customers and struggles against authorities, this article contributes to ongoing academic debates on agency, labour and natural resource management in urban settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48194,"journal":{"name":"Development and Change","volume":"55 5","pages":"1051-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dech.12801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139212918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Memory, Identity and Deindustrialization: Reflections from Bygone Mill-scapes of Bangalore, India 记忆、身份和去工业化：来自印度班加罗尔逝去的磨坊景观的思考

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12803

P. Neethi, Deeksha Rao

引用次数: 0

The Return of Debt Crisis in Developing Countries: Shifting or Maintaining Dominant Development Paradigms? 发展中国家债务危机的回归:主导发展模式的转变还是维持?

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12800

Andrew M. Fischer, Servaas Storm

{"title":"The Return of Debt Crisis in Developing Countries: Shifting or Maintaining Dominant Development Paradigms?","authors":"Andrew M. Fischer, Servaas Storm","doi":"10.1111/dech.12800","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dech.12800","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, much of the global South has been immersed in a debt crisis of a breadth and depth not seen since the early 1980s. The debt distress was apparent before the pandemic and the situation over the last decade is best described as a slow burn, which the pandemic and war in Ukraine ignited in often sudden and dramatic ways. However, what remains a surprising feature of the ongoing situation has been the avoidance so far of a generalized domino effect, unlike previous systemic Southern debt crises. This fact does not diminish the severity of the consequences given that the containment of crisis has been achieved by regular and persistent applications of austerity and adjustment programmes with deleterious impacts on development in poor countries. This article frames the Debate by exploring these aspects of the current Southern debt crisis, focusing on its deeper structural drivers versus the role of more proximate triggers of the crisis; the similarities or differences with past crises of recent decades; and the degree to which anything has in fact changed in orthodox responses to crisis management. A theme that emerges from the more heterodox scholarship profiled by this Debate is that the current crisis and its responses are maintaining the dominant development paradigm of the last 40 years, rather than eliciting a shift away from it. There is a continued adherence to neoliberal ideology in macroeconomic policy making and to the punitive subordination of developing countries in debt distress, through crisis responses, to the Northern and especially US-centred international financial system. Ignoring the very strong similarities to the past, especially the 1982 debt crisis that ushered in this paradigm, risks repeating the lost decades to development that followed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48194,"journal":{"name":"Development and Change","volume":"54 5","pages":"954-993"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dech.12800","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dollar Liquidity, Financial Vulnerability and Monetary Sovereignty 美元流动性、金融脆弱性和货币主权

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12799

Rob Calvert Jump, Jo Michell

{"title":"Dollar Liquidity, Financial Vulnerability and Monetary Sovereignty","authors":"Rob Calvert Jump, Jo Michell","doi":"10.1111/dech.12799","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dech.12799","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Periods of dollar-led global monetary tightening generate negative effects in many lower- and middle-income countries. The tightening cycle which commenced in early 2022 has exacerbated the financial dislocation experienced by countries including Zambia, Sri Lanka and Pakistan. How can policy makers protect their economies from such external shocks and foster a stable developmental environment? Some recent contributions argue that the capacity of countries to insulate domestic policy from global financial conditions depends upon ‘monetary sovereignty’. This contribution argues that this misrepresents the constraints to macroeconomic policy and development strategy. Monetary sovereignty, if narrowly defined, is necessary but not sufficient for domestic policy autonomy. Stronger definitions impose unrealistic requirements on debt denomination and exchange rate regimes. The authors argue that, outside of currency unions, the main policy constraints for developing countries are limited domestic productive capacity and integration into global trade and financial networks rather than monetary arrangements. The discussion is illustrated with an empirical examination of three recent episodes of global illiquidity and/or policy tightening: the 2013 taper tantrum, the March 2020 liquidity shock and the 2022 dollar tightening cycle. The authors find evidence that monetary sovereignty does not insulate a country from episodes of dollar illiquidity. While ‘fundamentals’ such as current account deficits and foreign exchange reserves provide limited power in identifying vulnerability, measures of financial depth and activity do appear related to vulnerability.</p>","PeriodicalId":48194,"journal":{"name":"Development and Change","volume":"54 5","pages":"1087-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dech.12799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136078891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Local Currency Bond Markets in Africa: Resilience and Subordination 非洲本币债券市场:弹性与从属关系

IF 3 2区社会学

Development and Change Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1111/dech.12797

Florence Dafe, Annina Kaltenbrunner, Ingrid Harvold Kvangraven, Iván Weigandi

{"title":"Local Currency Bond Markets in Africa: Resilience and Subordination","authors":"Florence Dafe, Annina Kaltenbrunner, Ingrid Harvold Kvangraven, Iván Weigandi","doi":"10.1111/dech.12797","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dech.12797","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the development and implications of local currency bond markets (LCBMs) in African countries in the context of international financial subordination (IFS). Despite the promotion of LCBMs as a solution to debt vulnerability, there is a dearth of research that offers a systematic empirical examination of their actual benefits along with conceptual explanations as to when and why such benefits may or may not materialize. This is especially true for countries at the bottom of the global economic hierarchy. To explore how the subordination in global production and financial systems shapes LCBM development, the article offers an empirical analysis of selected African countries that combines interviews with policy makers, officials and experts with statistical data. The findings suggest that while LCBMs offer some benefits, such as mitigating risks associated with foreign currency debt, their potential is limited by the structural processes created by IFS, such as their dependence on the global financial cycle, the relatively higher costs of this debt and the sustained constraint on macroeconomic policy making. However, there are also domestic factors which shape how these structural constraints are mediated in the context of LCBM development — in particular, historically developed financial structures of developing countries, the political economy of the state and the structure of production. This study thus contributes to the debate about the developmental benefits of domestic debt market development and the emerging research agenda on IFS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48194,"journal":{"name":"Development and Change","volume":"54 5","pages":"1031-1064"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dech.12797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0