Stefania Chiappini, Elena Picutti, Maria Chiara Alessi, Francesco Di Carlo, Giacomo D'Andrea, Andrea Miuli, Mauro Pettorruso, Giovanni Martinotti, Massimo di Giannantonio
{"title":"Efficacy of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation on Borderline Personality Disorder Core Symptoms: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Stefania Chiappini, Elena Picutti, Maria Chiara Alessi, Francesco Di Carlo, Giacomo D'Andrea, Andrea Miuli, Mauro Pettorruso, Giovanni Martinotti, Massimo di Giannantonio","doi":"10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although psychotherapy is the first-line treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD), psychopharmacological agents have not been approved yet. Modulating brain functions with noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) interventions, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), may have a role in the treatment of BPD. In light of the limited knowledge available and the emerging interest in the possible role of NIBS as a therapeutic tool, the authors' main aim is to systematically review the literature on the effect of both rTMS and tDCS on BPD symptoms, specifically affective dysregulation, impulsive-behavioral dyscontrol, and cognitive-perceptual difficulties. The review process was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The research methods were registered on PROSPERO (id code CRD42020209491). Eleven studies were included in the review. Despite the limited number of studies retrieved, preliminary data showed an improvement in all domains. Further studies are needed to understand potential long-term advantages of NIBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":48175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality Disorders","volume":"36 5","pages":"505-526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40386594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rossella Di Pierro, Sara Amelio, Martina Macca, Fabio Madeddu, Marco Di Sarno
{"title":"What If I Feel Rejected? Borderline Personality, Pathological Narcissism, and Social Rejection in Daily Life.","authors":"Rossella Di Pierro, Sara Amelio, Martina Macca, Fabio Madeddu, Marco Di Sarno","doi":"10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors investigate whether and how borderline and pathological narcissistic traits differ in their associations with trait and state rejection sensitivity, and with affective reactions to experiences of social rejection occurring in daily life. Community adults (<i>N</i> = 189) completed baseline measures of rejection sensitivity, borderline personality, and pathological narcissism, and daily measures of perceived social rejection and affective states for 7 days. Vulnerable narcissism was the main driver of negative anticipated emotions for social rejection. Borderline personality made people prone to experiencing social rejection in daily life. Moreover, borderline personality traits predicted greater self-directed aggressive impulses when experiencing social rejection. Grandiose narcissism showed only a negative association with anticipatory anxiety for rejection. These findings highlight that sensitivity to social rejection is crucial in both borderline personality and pathological narcissism.</p>","PeriodicalId":48175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality Disorders","volume":"36 5","pages":"559-582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40386596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kimberley A Kaseweter, M Erin Browne, Kenneth M Prkachin
{"title":"Insensitivity to Suffering: Psychopathic Traits and Perception of Others' Pain.","authors":"Kimberley A Kaseweter, M Erin Browne, Kenneth M Prkachin","doi":"10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite growing evidence that psychopathy entails reduced emotional processing, the relationship between psychopathic traits and third-person pain perception is poorly understood. This study directly examined perception of others' pain in a sample of male and female students (<i>N</i> = 105) who completed the Self-Report Psychopathy scale (SRP-III) and the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ). Participants watched a video of 60 one-second clips of other people experiencing pain. Following each clip, participants rated the perceived level of pain intensity and pain unpleasantness. Psychopathic traits were unrelated to response bias, suggesting that individuals high in psychopathic traits were no more or less likely to impute pain to others. However, higher levels of psychopathic traits, particularly callous affect and antisocial behavior, were associated with a decreased ability to discriminate others' pain. Sensitivity and response bias were unrelated to TEQ scores. These findings provide novel insights into the influence of psychopathic traits on emotional processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":48175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality Disorders","volume":"36 5","pages":"583-605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40386599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline L Mesquita Uchôa, Hannah E Pucker, Christina M Temes, Katherine E Hein, Mary C Zanarini
{"title":"Parental Reports of Physically Self-Destructive Behavior in the Offspring of Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder and Other Personality Disorders.","authors":"Caroline L Mesquita Uchôa, Hannah E Pucker, Christina M Temes, Katherine E Hein, Mary C Zanarini","doi":"10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.527","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this article is to compare the prevalence of four forms of physically self-destructive behavior in the offspring of parents with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and compare them to the offspring of parents with other personality disorders (OPD). At the 4- and 6-year waves in a prospective study of the long-term course of BPD, participants were asked to report on the self-destructive behaviors of their children using the Childhood Self-Destructiveness Scale. A total of 68 parents were interviewed regarding 131 children, 104 of whom were offspring of parents with BPD (n = 55) and 27 were offspring of parents with OPD (n = 13). BPD parents reported significantly more self-injury and substance abuse in their children than OPD parents. The results from this study suggest that both direct and indirect forms of self-destructive behavior are both more common and quite specific for the children of parents with BPD.","PeriodicalId":48175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality Disorders","volume":"36 5","pages":"527-536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40387631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer M Loya, June P Tangney, Jeffrey B Stuewig
{"title":"Are Borderline Personality Disorder Features Differentially Related to Pre-Incarceration Alcohol, Cannabis, Cocaine, and Opioid Dependence Among People Recently Incarcerated in Jail?","authors":"Jennifer M Loya, June P Tangney, Jeffrey B Stuewig","doi":"10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2022.36.5.623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) commonly co-occur across various settings. However, little research has examined how BPD features relate to specific types of SUDs. This study examined whether BPD features assessed shortly after incarceration were differentially related to symptoms of dependence on alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, and opioids experienced in the 12 months prior to incarceration among 510 people recently incarcerated in jail. Follow-up multigroup analyses evaluated whether gender or race moderated the relation of BPD features to the four SUDs. Using structural equational modeling, the relationships of BPD features were compared to each of the four preincarceration dependence symptoms. BPD features were significantly related to dependence on each of the four substances, but the link between BPD features and cocaine dependence was stronger than BPD's association with alcohol, cannabis, or opioid dependence. These findings generalized across men and women and across White and Black people.</p>","PeriodicalId":48175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality Disorders","volume":"36 5","pages":"623-640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40386597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dominick Gamache, Philippe Leclerc, Maude Payant, Kristel Mayrand, Marie-Chloé Nolin, Louis-Alexandre Marcoux, Stéphane Sabourin, Marc Tremblay, Claudia Savard
{"title":"Preliminary Steps Toward Extracting the Specific Alternative Model for Personality Disorders Diagnoses From Criteria A and B Self-Reports.","authors":"Dominick Gamache, Philippe Leclerc, Maude Payant, Kristel Mayrand, Marie-Chloé Nolin, Louis-Alexandre Marcoux, Stéphane Sabourin, Marc Tremblay, Claudia Savard","doi":"10.1521/pedi_2012_35_541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2012_35_541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Alternative <i>DSM-5</i> Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) retains six specific personality disorders (PDs) that can be diagnosed based on Criterion A level of impairment and Criterion B maladaptive facets. Those specific diagnoses are still underresearched, despite the preference expressed by most PD scholars for a mixed/hybrid classification. This study explores the possibility of using Criterion A and B self-report questionnaires to extract the specific AMPD diagnoses. Plausible prevalence estimates were found in three samples (outpatient PD, private practice, community; <i>N</i> = 766) using the facet score ≥ 2 and <i>t</i> score > 65 methods for determining the presence of a Criterion B facet; diagnoses had meaningful correlations with external variables. This study provides evidence-albeit preliminary-that the extraction of the specific AMPD PDs from self-report questionnaires might be a viable avenue. Ultimately, it could promote the use and dissemination of those diagnoses for screening purposes in clinical and research settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality Disorders","volume":"36 4","pages":"476-488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39786259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"<i>Why</i>, <i>How</i>, and <i>When</i> to Integrate Narrative Identity Within Dimensional Approaches to Personality Disorders.","authors":"Majse Lind, Carla Sharp, William L Dunlop","doi":"10.1521/pedi_2012_35_540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2012_35_540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Researchers and clinicians are beginning to adopt dimensional approaches in the study and treatment of personality disorders (PD). Although dimensional approaches in the <i>DSM-5</i> and ICD-11 hold considerable benefit, they need to better incorporate an appreciation of individuals' life stories, or narrative identities. Doing so will be necessary to flesh out the emphasis that both frameworks place on the role of identity in personality pathology. In this article, the authors review <i>why, how</i>, and <i>when</i> narrative identity theory and research can be integrated within dimensional approaches to PD. The authors describe established ways to assess narrative identity, review extant research on this construct in relation to PD, and signal areas crucial for future research. Stories lie at the heart of what it means to be human. The authors conclude that a greater consideration of the ways in which the self is storied can help further understanding and treatment of PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality Disorders","volume":"36 4","pages":"377-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39875413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emily R. Edwards, Hannah Tran, Joseph Wrobleski, Yocheved Rabhan, Justin Yin, Catarina Chiodi, M. Goodman, Joseph C. Geraci
{"title":"Prevalence of Personality Disorders Across Veteran Samples: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Emily R. Edwards, Hannah Tran, Joseph Wrobleski, Yocheved Rabhan, Justin Yin, Catarina Chiodi, M. Goodman, Joseph C. Geraci","doi":"10.1521/pedi.2022.36.3.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2022.36.3.339","url":null,"abstract":"Despite priorities around mental health, Veteran health care organizations have historically considered personality disorders to be preexisting conditions ineligible for disability benefits. However, growing evidence suggests potentially elevated prevalence of these disorders among military and Veteran samples and attests to implications of risk. The current study provides a meta-analytic review of literature on the prevalence of personality disorders in Veteran samples. Analysis of 27 unique samples, comprising 7,161 Veterans, suggests alarmingly high rates of Veteran personality disorders. Prevalence was highest for paranoid (23%) and borderline (21%) personality disorders and lowest for histrionic (0.8%) personality disorder. Rates were generally highest among Veterans experiencing substance use or elevated suicide risk and among studies establishing diagnoses through clinical interview (versus official medical record review). Results attest to the need for Veteran health care organizations to acknowledge personality disorders in this population, through both research and treatment, and to consider reclassifying personality disorders as potential \"service-connected conditions.\"","PeriodicalId":48175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality Disorders","volume":"36 3 1","pages":"339-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42977448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aluja, M. Sorrel, L. F. García, Ó. García, F. Gutiérrez
{"title":"Factor Convergence and Predictive Analysis of the Five Factor and Alternative Five Factor Personality Models with the Five-Factor Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (FFICD).","authors":"A. Aluja, M. Sorrel, L. F. García, Ó. García, F. Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1521/pedi_2021_35_542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2021_35_542","url":null,"abstract":"The authors analyze and compare the factor convergence and predictive power of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ/SF) with respect to the Five-Factor Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (FFiCD). A total of 803 White Spanish subjects were analyzed. All the personality domains had significant predictive power with regard to the FFiCD except NEO Openness. The explained variance of the personality domains with respect to FFiCD Negative Affectivity (71% and 77%) and Detachment (56% and 56%) were similar for NEO-PI-R and ZKA-PQ/SF, respectively, but the NEO-PI-R accounted for greater variance for FFiCD Anankastia, Dissociality, and Disinhibition. The FFiCD facets of Rashness, Thrill- Seeking (Disinhibition), and Unassertiveness (Detachment) were located in factors other than those theoretically expected. The authors conclude that normal personality measured by the NEO-PI-R and the ZKA-PQ/SF contribute, in a differential but complementary way, to knowledge of the maladaptive personality measured by the FFiCD.","PeriodicalId":48175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personality Disorders","volume":"36 3 1","pages":"296-319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42631526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}