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Unbundling the effects of college on first-job search: Returns to majors, minors, and extracurriculars 拆分大学对第一份工作的影响：回归专业、辅修和课外活动
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102846
Jaime Arellano-Bover , Carolina Bussotti , John M. Nunley , R. Alan Seals
{"title":"Unbundling the effects of college on first-job search: Returns to majors, minors, and extracurriculars","authors":"Jaime Arellano-Bover ,&nbsp;Carolina Bussotti ,&nbsp;John M. Nunley ,&nbsp;R. Alan Seals","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We analyze the initial job-market matching of new US college graduates with a large-scale audit study conducted during 2016 and 2017, in which 36,880 résumés of college seniors were submitted to online job postings for business-related positions. We simulate the experience of US college students by incorporating variation in curricular and extracurricular activities. Our analysis reveals significant variation in callback rate returns to majors, with Biology and Economics majors receiving the highest rate, particularly in occupations involving high intensity of analytical and interpersonal skills. However, minors in History and Mathematics have precisely estimated zero effects on callback rates. Internship experiences that are social skills-oriented positively influence callbacks, yet this is not the case for analytical internships. Study abroad experiences enhance callback rates, predominantly in high interpersonal skill-intensive occupations. Listing both programming and data analysis skills significantly boosts callback rates. Our study provides a comprehensive characterization of which features of the college experience are more and less valuable during the high-stakes, first-job matching process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do levy penalties boost disability hiring in SMEs? Evidence from a Japanese quota reform 征收罚款会否促进中小企业聘用残疾人士？来自日本配额改革的证据
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102831
Kodai Matsumoto , Yota Okumura , Atsushi Morimoto , Kazufumi Yugami
{"title":"Do levy penalties boost disability hiring in SMEs? Evidence from a Japanese quota reform","authors":"Kodai Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Yota Okumura ,&nbsp;Atsushi Morimoto ,&nbsp;Kazufumi Yugami","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Financial incentives can shape firms’ compliance with employment quotas, yet their effectiveness remains contested. This study examines whether Japan’s levy-grant system for disability employment promotes hiring in small and medium-sized enterprises. Using administrative data on statutory quota compliance, we exploit a 2015 reform—lowering the coverage threshold from firms with more than 200 to more than 100 employees—as a natural experiment. Difference-in-differences estimates, supplemented by regression discontinuity analysis, reveal heterogeneous effects by pre-reform compliance status. Firms already meeting the quota expanded disability employment in anticipation of the reform, thereby avoiding future levies, while non-compliant firms increased hiring only after coverage took effect. Near the 100-employee threshold, the policy raised the number of employees with disabilities by 0.2–0.3 persons, the employment rate by 0.2–0.3 percentage points, and the probability of employing at least one person with a disability by 12–15 percentage points. Effects weakened after about seven years, and no evidence was found that grants induced further hiring among compliant firms. Sectoral estimates show larger effects in manufacturing, consistent with accumulated know-how that lowers adaptation costs. These results suggest that levy penalties, rather than grants, drive early employment gains, particularly among firms previously out of compliance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why are marginal workers unemployed: Low productivity or high opportunity cost of employment? 为什么边际工人失业：低生产率还是高就业机会成本？
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102847
Saman Darougheh
{"title":"Why are marginal workers unemployed: Low productivity or high opportunity cost of employment?","authors":"Saman Darougheh","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>15% of Danish workers account for 60% of unemployment. Are these workers unemployed more frequently because of their lower productivity or higher opportunity costs of employment? Using administrative data linking workers to their earnings, wealth, debt, health records, parental backgrounds, partners, job types, and firm-level value added, I find strong evidence that higher unemployment risk reflects lower productivity rather than higher pecuniary opportunity costs. A calibrated heterogeneous-agents model with segmented labor markets is consistent with these findings: productivity differences and non-pecuniary opportunity costs explain most of the unemployment gap. This matters for social policy: optimal unemployment insurance is higher than if marginal workers’ unemployment was predominantly due to a high pecuniary opportunity cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tables have turned: Vertical mismatch across gender 天平倒转：性别之间的垂直不匹配
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2026.102858
Pietro Garibaldi , Pedro Gomes , Thepthida Sopraseuth
{"title":"Tables have turned: Vertical mismatch across gender","authors":"Pietro Garibaldi ,&nbsp;Pedro Gomes ,&nbsp;Thepthida Sopraseuth","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2026.102858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2026.102858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study gender differences in vertical mismatch and their implications. First, we document facts about underemployment and overemployment and their relative wage penalties by gender, for the US between 1970 and 2022, as well as for a cross-section of US States. In 1970s and 1980s, the underemployment rate and their wage penalty relative to well-matched workers was higher for women. By 2022, both variables were higher for men. Second, we use the data to calibrate a neoclassical model of mismatch and find that frictions that generate mismatch have increased more for men during the last 50 years. Reducing these frictions to the level of women would have large effects in the participation rate of men, their wages, and in overall output. States where the underemployment rates and their wage penalty are higher for men, would see their output rise by 2%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heterogeneous scars in later life: The economic impact of early labour market opportunities 晚年生活中的异质伤痕：早期劳动力市场机会的经济影响
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2026.102864
Petru Crudu
{"title":"Heterogeneous scars in later life: The economic impact of early labour market opportunities","authors":"Petru Crudu","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2026.102864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2026.102864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>I analyse the heterogeneous effects of labour market opportunities at education completion on end-of-career outcomes. I use data on European individuals who completed education between 1963 and 1982, observing their outcomes beyond age 50. Using standard econometric models and machine learning, I find that poor initial opportunities have lasting effects. Economic downturns have a non-linear impact: missing good opportunities harms more than avoiding bad ones. Effects are stronger for less-educated and low socioeconomic individuals. Women face permanent reductions in labour market participation. I examine explanatory channels over the lifecycle, showing how initial opportunities shape human capital trajectories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"99 ","pages":"Article 102864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Labor market dynamics in a highly competitive industry 竞争激烈的行业中的劳动力市场动态
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102845
Francesco Principe , Jan C. van Ours
{"title":"Labor market dynamics in a highly competitive industry","authors":"Francesco Principe ,&nbsp;Jan C. van Ours","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study labor market dynamics of workers in a highly competitive industry with a highly competitive labor market. We focus on the relationship between workers’ age, wages, and productivity. Our analysis uncovers an inverse U-shaped relationship. While some wage adjustments occur within the current firm, job mobility plays a crucial role in shaping wage trajectories. There is assortative matching with highly productive workers moving to highly productive firms, while less productive workers gravitate towards less productive firms. Our findings suggest that both in-firm wage progression and wage growth via job mobility contribute to a close alignment between wages and productivity throughout workers’ careers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Career preferences and socio-economic background 职业偏好和社会经济背景
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102814
Paul Schüle
{"title":"Career preferences and socio-economic background","authors":"Paul Schüle","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Career decisions, that is educational and occupational choice, are not only taken by comparing expected incomes, but also by considering non-monetary rewards such as social impact, chances of promotion, or the compatibility of work and family. In this paper, I use rich panel data from Germany and the UK to demonstrate that preferences about such aspects of a career as stated at age 17 are strong predictors of future earnings in the labor market. At the same time, these preferences differ significantly by gender and socio-economic background, and intergenerational income persistence is reduced by 7 to 28 percent when accounting for career preferences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102814"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suspended from work and school? Impacts of layoff events and unemployment insurance on student disciplinary incidence 暂停工作和学习？下岗事件与失业保险对学生违纪事件的影响
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102844
Riley K. Acton , Jo R. King , Austin C. Smith
{"title":"Suspended from work and school? Impacts of layoff events and unemployment insurance on student disciplinary incidence","authors":"Riley K. Acton ,&nbsp;Jo R. King ,&nbsp;Austin C. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examine the impact of local labor market shocks and state unemployment insurance (UI) policies on student discipline in U.S. public schools. Analyzing school-level discipline data and firm-level layoffs in 23 states, we find that layoffs have little effect on discipline rates on average. However, effects differ across the UI benefit distribution. At the lowest benefit level ($265/week), a mass layoff increases out-of-school suspensions by 5.1%, with effects dissipating as UI benefits increase. Effects are consistently largest for Black students – especially in predominantly White schools – resulting in increased racial disproportionality in school discipline following layoffs in low-UI states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102844"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does immigration affect native wages? A meta-analysis 移民会影响本地工资吗？一个荟萃分析
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102815
Amandine Aubry , Jérôme Héricourt , Léa Marchal , Clément Nedoncelle
{"title":"Does immigration affect native wages? A meta-analysis","authors":"Amandine Aubry ,&nbsp;Jérôme Héricourt ,&nbsp;Léa Marchal ,&nbsp;Clément Nedoncelle","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of immigration on native wages remains a contentious issue in labour economics. This meta-analysis synthesises evidence from 88 studies published between 1985 and 2023, offering a comprehensive assessment of reduced-form estimates. We document substantial heterogeneity across estimates and show that contexts and empirical designs systematically shape reported effects. In particular, shift-share instrumental-variable strategies correct the upward bias seen in OLS estimates. Our findings emphasise the necessity for replication and enhanced transparency in methodological reporting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Are households Pareto efficient? A test based on multiple job holding 家庭是否具有帕累托效率？一种基于多份工作的测试
IF 2.6 2区 经济学
Labour Economics Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102841
Jacob Penglase , Ömer F. Sözbir
{"title":"Are households Pareto efficient? A test based on multiple job holding","authors":"Jacob Penglase ,&nbsp;Ömer F. Sözbir","doi":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.labeco.2025.102841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The collective household model requires that household decisions result in Pareto efficient outcomes. While this assumption is falsifiable, these tests are often difficult to implement due to data limitations or insufficient statistical power. We identify a novel setting—multiple job holding—where these issues are less of an obstacle. Using data from Bangladesh, we estimate the labor supply of households where members are engaged in multiple occupations and use the parameter estimates to test the collective model. We are unable to reject Pareto efficiency, but do find evidence against the unitary model. The results support the use of the collective model as a framework to study the inner workings of the household.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48153,"journal":{"name":"Labour Economics","volume":"98 ","pages":"Article 102841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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