Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports最新文献

{"title":"Glass flow on the Dnipro River: An archaeometric study of glass beads from Scythian contexts on the island of Khortytsia (Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine)","authors":"D. Nykonenko ,&nbsp;O. Yatsuk ,&nbsp;P. Davit ,&nbsp;G. Fiocco ,&nbsp;M. Malagodi ,&nbsp;R. Giustetto ,&nbsp;G. Berruto ,&nbsp;M. Aceto ,&nbsp;E. Laurenti ,&nbsp;A. Mangone ,&nbsp;L.C. Giannossa ,&nbsp;M. Gulmini","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work considers a set of twenty-one glass beads/bead fragments found in two archaeological sites dating from the late 5^th to the early 4^th century BCE and located in the Khortytsia National Reserve in Zaporizhzhia (Ukraine). The beads have numerous analogues in the region, and some types have parallels in sites of different archaeological cultures also beyond this area. Their composition has been determined in order to address, from an archaeometric perspective, questions related to glass circulation during the Early Iron Age in the area of the Khortytsia island and beyond.</div><div>All of the glass found at Khortytsia belongs to the low-magnesia glass type (with two doubtful exceptions) and can be divided into two compositional groups, separated mainly by the TiO₂ concentration, both of which are consisted with the compositional framework already traced for Iron Age glass, with production centres placed in Egypt and the Levant. The data for the glass found at Khortytsia allowed an insight into the compositional similarities and differences within the bead types included in the sample set, indicating that the two glasses were used interchangeably for the same bead type and even within the same bead, suggesting the existence of secondary workshops, possibly close to consumption centres. Both types of glass were found at both the archaeological sites, namely the cemetery of Kanfarka and the hillfort of Sovutynske, confirming that they were used by the same people.</div><div>The glass considered here is more recent than the previously analysed glass from other archaeological sites possibly related to Khortytsia by geographical contingency, therefore the new set of compositional data obtained here expands the information available to trace the evolution of the glass in the area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthracology in a relict forest in the South Pacific: An archaeobotanical approach on wood charcoal assemblages from Mocha Island","authors":"Ayelen Delgado-Orellana","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mocha Island is located in the South Pacific Ocean (38°22′ S) only 30 km off the coast of Southern Chile. The first Europeans set foot on the island in 1544 CE, and the reports left by navigators between the 16th and 17th centuries inform of a well populated island, where the natives grew maize, beans and kept “sheep” with long necks (camelids). The Spaniard conquerors, who never settled on the island forced its depopulation between 1685 and 1687 CE. The island was uninhabited until 1850 CE, when the Chilean state started a colonization program in Southern Chile.</div><div>The last decades of archaeological research on the island show that pre-Hispanic groups visited it sporadically during the Archaic Period (1500 BCE), and more regularly from the Early Ceramic Period (100 CE). But around the year 1000 CE (Late Ceramic Period) the archaeological sites show continuous and regular use of the space around domestic units; mound and platform complex has also been dated to this period.</div><div>This paper presents the wood charcoal analysis results of three archaeological sites from Mocha Island, dated between the 850 CE and 1685 CE. The aim is to discuss the forest environment over 500 years of Pre-Hispanic and early Historic inhabitation that involved crop cultivation, camelid husbandry and population growth in this insular territory of 52 km². The anthracological results indicate the presence of lauriphyllous and sclerophyll taxa, suggesting ecotonal zones where different types of taxa can coexist, and in which the development of woody taxa with edible parts might have been promoted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing the use-life of an early Denver neighborhood cistern: A multi-proxy analysis of soil development, domestic practices, and urban privacy","authors":"Michael J. Kolb ,&nbsp;April Hill ,&nbsp;Paula Leek ,&nbsp;Jade Luiz ,&nbsp;Ryun McConnell ,&nbsp;Gene Wheaton","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A multi-proxy artifactual, sedimentological, micromorphological, and geochemical investigation of soils collected from a community cistern (Denver, USA) elucidate its use-life regarding westward late nineteenth-century Euro-American settlement and early twentieth century residential domestic and industrial activities. This analysis identifies fifteen depositional strata within the cistern to clarify site formation and evolution over time. Results reveal distinct phases that inform us about the evolving needs of a community through its water management and observed through cistern construction, its obsolescence, and its reuse as a waste receptacle. The preservation and study of cisterns offer important lessons for the study of urban soil development, domestic practices, and ideas about privacy held by urban dwellers in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unprepared for work: Preliminary analyses of ad hoc bone tools from the Howiesons Poort layers at Klasies River main site, South Africa","authors":"Emma Cleminson ,&nbsp;Justin Bradfield ,&nbsp;Sarah Wurz ,&nbsp;Jerome P. Reynard","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Howiesons Poort technocomplex is known for innovative developments in backed geometric stone tools, ochre and shifts in foraging behaviour, and the possible early use of the bow and arrow. Bone tools and ornaments have been found at a handful of sites from this period. Despite its relative rarity, worked bone has played an important role in discussions around the development of cognitive complexity in humans. Scholars have, however, tended to emphasize formally made bone tools at the expense of informal, expedient or <em>ad hoc</em> bone tools in these assemblages. Here, we present the results of a technological and usewear analysis undertaken on a sample of bone specimens from the Deacon excavations of the Howiesons Poort layers at Klasies River main site. Our aim was to identify <em>ad hoc</em> tools and fragmented pieces of worked bone missed during initial excavations and sorting. Twelve pieces of worked bone were identified, presenting manufacturing wear and <em>ad hoc</em> use. A range of different activities is implicated, with worked bone used on hard and soft surfaces consistent with leather, skin and plant contact. This is the first recognised evidence of informal bone modification at this site and adds to our understanding of bone technology during the Howiesons Poort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berberis sp. in the American extreme south: Archaeobotanical record of use by Patagonian hunter-gatherers during the Holocene","authors":"L. Caruso Fermé ,&nbsp;N. Macchioni ,&nbsp;G. Massaferro ,&nbsp;C. Zapata","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The general objective of this work is to deepen the knowledge on the use of <em>Berberis</em> sp. wood among Patagonian hunter-gatherer societies during the Holocene. For this purpose, the presence of <em>Berberis</em> sp. remains in the Patagonian archeological sites and the existence of artifacts made with <em>Berberis</em> sp. wood belonging to the ethnographic collections are studied. The physical properties (density) of the wood of these shrubs are also analyzed. The results obtained show the recovery of <em>Berberis</em> sp. remains in 24 Patagonian archaeological sites. At the sites Cerro Casa de Piedra 5 and Cerro Casa de Piedra 7, different types of <em>Berberis</em> sp. remains and wooden artifacts were recovered. The basal density of the samples of <em>Berberis</em> sp. taken allows them to be considered as medium-heavy woods of medium density. Finally, the results achieved show the selection and use of <em>Berberis</em> sp. wood as raw material for artifact manufacture from early times (9,390 ± 40 BP) until the contact with Europeans (19th century-early 20th century).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raw material, typology and technology of tools made on animal-derived osseous materials from Bihar: Neolithic to Kushana period","authors":"Mohit Kumar,&nbsp;Umesh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evidence outlining the subsistence pattern of the Early Agro-Pastoral community of Bihar, which is available in front of us in the form of remains made of stone, metal, terracotta, and osseous material. Much study has been done on the artifacts made of various mediums, not so much on the substances like bone, antler, ivory and tortoise shell in study area. It gives information regarding the specific utilization of multifarious animal species by prehistoric societies. The bone tools from the Neolithic culture form the initial stage of manufacturing process in the assemblages of Bihar. Because of its physical properties, it was one of the most preferred raw materials used by the prehistoric community to make tools, weapons, toys, and ceremonial objects. This paper aims to re-examine bone tools available for study and review published materials on bone artifacts recovered from the Neolithic period to the Kushana period located in Bihar. Through methodological approaches, significant information can be drawn about the manufacturers and consumers of these objects. A techno-typological study has been conducted primarily focused on the manufacturing techniques of the tools. For the identification of materials, the description published in excavation reports was applied. The aim of the present investigation is to analyse the tools typology, technology, and preferred raw materials, all of which seem to have considered crucial for the social and economic activities of the early community of Bihar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multidisciplinary investigation into whether Andean caravans reached the southern lowlands of the Paraná-Plata basin during pre-Columbian times","authors":"Daniel Loponte ,&nbsp;Alejandro Acosta ,&nbsp;Tommaso Giovanardi ,&nbsp;María J. Corriale ,&nbsp;Owen Alexander Higgins ,&nbsp;Mirian Carbonera ,&nbsp;Natacha Buc ,&nbsp;Cinzia Scaggion ,&nbsp;Eugenio Bortolini ,&nbsp;Giulia Marciani ,&nbsp;Stefano Benazzi ,&nbsp;Lucía T. Rombolá ,&nbsp;Andrés Gascue ,&nbsp;Michael V. Westbury","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The expansion of llama caravans and the dispersal of domesticated camelids to extra-Andean regions is one of the key topics in South American archaeology. One of the main indicators of both processes is the presence of domesticated camelids in the archaeological record, particularly the llama (<em>Lama glama</em>). Based primarily on historical sources subject to interpretation, it has been suggested that llama caravans may have reached the southeast of South America during Pre-Columbian times, particularly to the northern Pampean region and the Paraná River valley. While the archaeological assemblages in these two areas include camelid bones that have thus far been identified as guanaco (<em>Lama guanicoe</em>), the possibility of misidentification due to the osteometric similarity between the latter and <em>L. glama</em> could mask the presence of domestic camelids in the record, undermining evidence of this potential major expansion of Andean caravans and domestic camelids. To clarify this issue, we applied a multidisciplinary approach combining archaeological, isotopic, and paleogenomic analyses to determine the taxonomic status of camelids recovered from archaeological sites in northern Pampean region and the valley of the Paraná River. Our findings demonstrate that all the individuals analyzed correspond to guanacos, whose survival extended into early historical times. Additionally, the archaeological record from both areas contemporaneous with the maximum pre-Columbian expansion of the Andean caravans, provides no evidence of direct trade with the Andean world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New evidence for long distance interaction at Keros: Carnelian bead analysis using scanning electron microscopy","authors":"Geoffrey Ludvik ,&nbsp;J.Mark Kenoyer ,&nbsp;Elisavet Vergeraki ,&nbsp;Michael J. Boyd ,&nbsp;Colin Renfrew","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent investigation of materials from the enigmatic Cycladic sites of Kavos and Dhaskalio have greatly expanded our understanding of the Early Bronze Age Aegean world. Here the authors examine six carnelian beads from these sites to reconstruct their production sequence and possible regional origin. Analysis of microscopic indications of bead production methods allowed a high-resolution reconstruction of the technologies involved at each step. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine silicone impressions of drill holes made from these beads. This served to document the characteristic tool marks used to perforate the Keros and Dhaskalio beads. When compared to the SEM images of experimentally-reproduced drillings and those from beads whose drilling agents have already been identified, the identification of the types of drills used was possible. Since different production methods and drilling styles are diagnostic of different regional craft traditions it was then possible, using an interregional comparative study, to suggest the workshop traditions of origin for these beads. Results indicate that long distance import was likely for most of these beads while two may have been produced more locally in Anatolia. Of special significance is the one carnelian bead from Dhaskalio that we demonstrate derived from the Indus Valley craft tradition, perforated with a distinctly Indus-style drill and made in a shape common among Indus-affiliated beads. This in turn has major implications regarding the connectivity of the early Keros and Dhaskalio community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interregional networks in the late Viking Age? Insights from a burned pit house in the Viking-Age town of Aros, present-day Aarhus, Denmark (ca. 980 CE)","authors":"Welmoed A. Out ,&nbsp;Jacob Kveiborg ,&nbsp;Peter M. Jensen ,&nbsp;Casper S. Andersen ,&nbsp;Mila Andonova-Katsarski ,&nbsp;Neeke Hammers ,&nbsp;Marie Kanstrup ,&nbsp;Kenneth C. Ritchie ,&nbsp;Cecilie Stenner ,&nbsp;Jette Linaa","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Viking Age was a dynamic period, with local centres and urban sites engaging to varying degrees in local, regional and interregional networks. While the role of certain northern towns in these networks is relatively well-known and the related knowledge up to date, other towns appear to have received comparatively little recent attention. This study aims to investigate the role of the Viking-Age town of Aros, present-day Aarhus, situated on the eastern coast of Jutland, Denmark, in interregional networks, by means of the interdisciplinary study of a rare context, excavated in 2009: a well-preserved burned pit house at the site of Bispetorv, dated to the late 10th century CE. What does the archaeological assemblage tell about the house and its occupants, what can be said about resource exploitation, and to what extent were the occupants of the late Viking-Age pit house involved in long-distance trade?</div><div>The study of the pit house at Bispetorv is based on an interdisciplinary approach, including analysis of inorganic artefacts, zooarchaeological remains, macrobotanical remains and carbonised wood collected from multiple layers, supported by a substantial number of radiocarbon dates. The outcomes are presented within the framework of other comparable published and unpublished sites in and nearby Aarhus including Søndervold and Skt. Clemens Stræde, as well as with other Viking-Age towns in northern Europe.</div><div>The analysis of Bispetorv reveals a predominance of artefacts and ecofacts associated with regional networks, with scant evidence of contacts with the Baltic Sea coast. While these results match the findings from other sites in Aarhus, and are comparable to other local centres, they are in apparent contrast to larger urban centres such as Ribe, Hedeby and Kaupang. Further research, based on a variety of methods, will have to show to what degree the currently available bioarchaeological results from Aarhus are representative for the remaining parts of the urban centre and to what extent long-distance contacts evolved over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105096"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic history of early centralized societies: A biodistance study on prehistoric Anatolia","authors":"Demet Delibaş ,&nbsp;N. Ezgi Altınışık ,&nbsp;Marin A. Pilloud ,&nbsp;M. Melis Koruyucu ,&nbsp;Yılmaz Selim Erdal","doi":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of urbanization and centralized authority in the Early Bronze Age marks the most significant transformation in Southwest Asia since the Neolithic transition. Political centralization and social stratification, which originated in Southern Mesopotamia, spread to surrounding regions through long-distance interactions, especially trading relations. Anatolia experienced these shifts dynamically during both the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age. While the archaeological aspects of these changes have long been well-documented, their biological impact through ancient DNA analysis has gained more interest in recent years. This study investigates whether patterns of increased genetic diversity and homogenization observed in archaeogenomic data are consistent with biodistance analyses based on dental morphological data, and assesses the impact of lifestyle changes during the Late Chalcolithic-Early Bronze Age on biocultural interactions in Anatolia and its surroundings. Biodistance analysis was conducted on human skeletal remains from six archaeological sites in Anatolia, spanning the Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age, using crown and cervical mesiodistal and buccolingual measurements alongside 36 dental nonmetric traits defined in ASUDAS. Heterogeneity and evenness analyses, Mean Measure of Divergence, Gower’s Coefficient, and Mahalanobis Distances for Multivariate Mixed Data analyses were applied to dental morphological data. The results reveal increased genetic diversity and phenotypic similarity following the Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age. These findings align with patterns seen in archaeogenomic studies which indicate gene flow occurred before cultural diffusion associated with urbanization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48150,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 105101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}