Sociological Methodology最新文献_第5页

Uncertain Choices: The Heterogeneous Multinomial Logit Model 不确定选择：异质多项式Logit模型

IF 3 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/0081175020979689

G. Tutz

引用次数: 2

Multigenerational Social Mobility: A Demographic Approach. 多代社会流动:人口统计学方法。

IF 3 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2021-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-08 DOI: 10.1177/0081175020973054

Xi Song

{"title":"Multigenerational Social Mobility: A Demographic Approach.","authors":"Xi Song","doi":"10.1177/0081175020973054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175020973054","url":null,"abstract":"Most social mobility studies take a two-generation perspective, in which intergenerational relationships are represented by the association between parents' and offspring's socioeconomic status. This approach, albeit widely adopted in the literature, has serious limitations when more than two generations of families are considered. In particular, it ignores the role of families' demographic behaviors in moderating mobility outcomes and the joint role of mobility and demography in shaping long-run family and population processes. This paper provides a demographic approach to the study of multigenerational social mobility, incorporating demographic mechanisms of births, deaths, and mating into statistical models of social mobility. Compared to previous mobility models for estimating the probability of offspring's mobility conditional on parent's social class, the proposed joint demography-mobility model treats the number of offspring in various social classes as the outcome of interest. This new approach shows the extent to which demographic processes may amplify or dampen the effects of family socioeconomic positions due to the direction and strength of the interaction between mobility and differentials in demographic behaviors. I illustrate various demographic methods for studying multigenerational mobility with empirical examples using the IPUMS linked historical U.S. census representative samples (1850 to 1930), the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1968 to 2015), and simulation data that show other possible scenarios resulting from demography-mobility interactions.","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-43"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175020973054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39218980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Reconsidering the Reference Category 重新考虑参考类别

IF 3 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.1177/0081175020982632

S. Johfre, J. Freese

{"title":"Reconsidering the Reference Category","authors":"S. Johfre, J. Freese","doi":"10.1177/0081175020982632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175020982632","url":null,"abstract":"Social scientists often present modeling results from categorical explanatory variables, such as gender, race, and marital status, as coefficients representing contrasts to a “reference” group. Although choosing the reference category may seem arbitrary, the authors argue that it is an intrinsically meaningful act that affects the interpretability of results. Reference category selection foregrounds some contrasts over others. Also, selecting a culturally dominant group as the reference can subtly reify the notion that dominant groups are the most “normal.” The authors find that three of four recently published tables in Demography and American Sociological Review that include race or gender explanatory variables use dominant groups (i.e., male or white) as the reference group. Furthermore, the tables rarely state what the reference is: only half of tables with race variables and one-fifth of tables with gender variables explicitly specify the reference category; the rest leave it up to the reader to check the methods section or simply guess. As an alternative to this apparently standard practice, the authors suggest guidelines for intentionally and responsibly choosing a reference category. The authors then discuss alternative ways to convey results from categorical explanatory variables that avoid the problems of reference categories entirely.","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"51 1","pages":"253 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175020982632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47070015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 34

Multigroup Segregation Analyses with Covariates 具有协变量的多群分离分析

IF 3 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2021-01-06 DOI: 10.1177/0081175020981120

K. Yamaguchi

{"title":"Multigroup Segregation Analyses with Covariates","authors":"K. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1177/0081175020981120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175020981120","url":null,"abstract":"The author introduces methods for the decomposition analysis of multigroup segregation measured by the index of dissimilarity, the squared coefficient of variation, and Theil’s entropy measure. Using a new causal framework, the author takes a unified approach to the decomposition analysis by specifying conditions that must be satisfied to decompose segregation into unexplained and explained components. Here, the unexplained component represents the direct effects of the group variable on the conditional probability of acquiring a social position—such as a residential district in an analysis of residential segregation or an occupation in an analysis of occupational segregation—and the explained component represents indirect effects of the group variable on the outcome through covariates. The major merit of this approach is its ability to control individual-level covariates for the decomposition analysis of segregation. Two methods, one for semiparametric outcome models with the identity link function and the other for semiparametric outcome models with the multinomial logit link function, are introduced in this unified framework. The application of these methods focuses on occupational segregation among racial/ethnic groups. Father’s occupation, subject’s educational attainment, and the region of interview are included as covariates, using data from the General Social Surveys.","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"51 1","pages":"224 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175020981120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48735653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Comparing Groups of Life-Course Sequences Using the Bayesian Information Criterion and the Likelihood-Ratio Test 使用贝叶斯信息准则和似然比检验比较生命历程序列组

IF 3 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2020-10-05 DOI: 10.1177/0081175020959401

T. Liao, A. Fasang

{"title":"Comparing Groups of Life-Course Sequences Using the Bayesian Information Criterion and the Likelihood-Ratio Test","authors":"T. Liao, A. Fasang","doi":"10.1177/0081175020959401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0081175020959401","url":null,"abstract":"How can we statistically assess differences in groups of life-course trajectories? The authors address a long-standing inadequacy of social sequence analysis by proposing an adaption of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and the likelihood-ratio test (LRT) for assessing differences in groups of sequence data. Unlike previous methods, this adaption provides a useful measure for degrees of difference, that is, the substantive significance, and the statistical significance of differences between predefined groups of life-course trajectories. The authors present a simulation study and an empirical application on whether employment life-courses converged after reunification in the former East Germany and West Germany, using data for six birth-cohort groups ages 15 to 40 years from the German National Education Panel Study. The new methods allow the authors to show that convergence of employment life-courses around reunification was stronger for men than for women and that it was most pronounced in terms of the duration of employment states but weaker for their order and timing in the life-course. Convergence of East German and West German women’s employment lives set in earlier and reflects a secular trend toward a more gender-egalitarian division of labor in West Germany that is unrelated to reunification. The simulation study and the substantive application demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed BIC and LRT methods for assessing group differences in sequence data.","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"51 1","pages":"44 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0081175020959401","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45498005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Theory and the Replication Problem 理论与复制问题

IF 3 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/0081175020955216

David Willer, Pamela Emanuelson

引用次数: 5

Modeling Partitions of Individuals 个体分区建模

IF 3 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.1177/00811750221145166

Marion Hoffman, Per Block, T. Snijders

引用次数: 3

REDI for Binned Data: A Random Empirical Distribution Imputation Method for Estimating Continuous Incomes 分类数据的REDI:一种估计连续收入的随机经验分布推算方法

IF 3 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2020-09-03 DOI: 10.1177/00811750221108086

Molly M. King

引用次数: 1

Constraints in Random Effects Age-Period-Cohort Models. 随机效应年龄-时期-队列模型中的制约因素。

IF 2.4 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-11 DOI: 10.1177/0081175020903348

Liying Luo, James S Hodges

{"title":"Constraints in Random Effects Age-Period-Cohort Models.","authors":"Liying Luo, James S Hodges","doi":"10.1177/0081175020903348","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0081175020903348","url":null,"abstract":"Random effects (RE) models have been widely used to study the contextual effects of structures such as neighborhood or school. The RE approach has recently been applied to age-period-cohort (APC) models that are unidentified because the predictors are exactly linearly dependent. However, it has not been fully understood how the RE specification identifies these otherwise unidentified APC models. We address this challenge by first making explicit that RE-APC models have greater-not less-rank deficiency than the traditional fixed-effects model, followed by two empirical examples. We then provide intuition and a mathematical proof to explain that for APC models with one RE, treating one effect as an RE is equivalent to constraining the estimates of that effect's linear component and the random intercept to be zero. For APC models with two RE's, the effective constraints implied by the model depend on the true (i.e., in the data-generating mechanism) non-linear components of the effects that are modeled as RE's, so that the estimated linear components of the RE's are determined by the true non-linear components of those effects. In conclusion, RE-APC models impose arbitrary though highly obscure constraints and thus do not differ qualitatively from other constrained APC estimators.","PeriodicalId":48140,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methodology","volume":"50 1","pages":"276-317"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9838118/pdf/nihms-1849300.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10541044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prologue 开场

IF 3 2区社会学

Sociological Methodology Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/0081175020947097

David Melamed, Michael Vuolo

引用次数: 0