J. Reece McLain, G. Michael Russo, Cian L. Brown, Sarah McKenzie, H. Michael Crowson
{"title":"Evaluating the Effectiveness of Adventure Therapy in Anxiety-Related Disorders: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"J. Reece McLain, G. Michael Russo, Cian L. Brown, Sarah McKenzie, H. Michael Crowson","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12563","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness of adventure therapy (AT) in the treatment of individuals with symptoms of anxiety-related disorders. This study reports findings from a comprehensive literature search, including 15 databases/repositories and seven key journal-specific searches. Studies were evaluated using standardized mean difference (SMD) and were assessed for risk of bias using funnel plot, fail-safe <i>N</i>, and trim and fill analysis. Twelve studies, containing a total of 21 effect sizes, were evaluated to determine the effectiveness of AT in decreasing symptoms of anxiety-related disorders (<i>N</i> = 2083), yielding a mean effect size of <i>SMD</i> = −0.56 (<i>CI95</i> = −0.72, −0.39; <i>PI95</i> = −1.25, 0.14). This meta-analysis provides evidence suggesting the effectiveness of AT in reducing symptoms associated with anxiety-related disorders. Support for AT as an evidence-based practice informs legislative and insurance policies, funding mechanisms for programming, and counselor training and credentialing. Our findings suggest that AT programs are effective in reducing anxiety-related disorder symptoms and underscore the need for increased support from legislative and insurance policies to increase client accessibility, an increase in funding mechanisms for AT programs across client settings, and the provision of more formal counselor training and credentialing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"373-386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanisms Between Perceived Social Support and International Students’ Well-Being","authors":"Yangyang Liu, Hyung Joon Yoon, JoLynn V. Carney","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12562","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the mediating roles of hopeful career state and career engagement between perceived social support and well-being in a sample of 410 international students in US universities using structural equation modeling. Results revealed that perceived social support was positively associated with international students’ well-being. Hopeful career state served as partial mediator between perceived social support and well-being. Additionally, hopeful career state and career engagement formed a serial mediation effect. These findings highlight the importance of social support and career development in promoting the well-being of international students. Implications for counselors and counselor education to promote international students’ holistic well-being are discussed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"361-372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Posttraumatic Appraisals Mediate the Relationship Between Childhood Psychological Abuse and Complex PTSD Symptom Severity","authors":"Justin Watts, Jaeyoung Kim, Lindsey Warwick","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12561","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous research established a connection between childhood psychological abuse (CPA), a common but understudied form of child maltreatment, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress. However, the connection between CPA and complex PTSD remains underexplored. This study investigated the relationship between CPA, posttraumatic appraisals (i.e., fear, alienation, betrayal, self-blame, anger, and shame), and complex PTSD symptoms among a sample of 263 college students using structural equation modeling. The model uncovered significant direct and indirect effects, demonstrating a significant association between CPA and posttraumatic appraisals. Further, posttraumatic appraisals were significantly associated with complex PTSD symptoms. The indirect effect of CPA on complex PTSD symptoms via posttraumatic appraisals was significant, confirming the mediating role of posttraumatic appraisals between CPA and complex PTSD symptoms. The model demonstrated substantial explanatory power, explaining 51.9% of the variance in posttraumatic appraisals and 94.7% of the variance in complex PTSD symptoms. Implications for counselors are discussed</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"276-287"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dayeon Jeong, Hayeon Lee, Hyerin Yang, Jenny Chaehyun Park, Sang Min Lee
{"title":"AI Integration in Counseling Training: Aiding Counselors-in-Training in Self-Efficacy Enhancement and Anxiety Reduction","authors":"Dayeon Jeong, Hayeon Lee, Hyerin Yang, Jenny Chaehyun Park, Sang Min Lee","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12560","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to integrate the technology into the training of counselors-in-training (CITs). This study examines the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted counseling training using ChatGPT in enhancing CITs’ self-efficacy and reducing anxiety. Moreover, it compares outcomes between CITs who engage in self-review and those who receive AI-generated feedback. CITs (<i>N</i> = 41) voluntarily participated in a three-session counseling practice using ChatGPT. Participants’ self-efficacy and anxiety levels were measured six times, including two pretraining and one posttraining survey. The results showed a significant increase in self-efficacy throughout the AI-assisted counseling training, with sustaining effects observed posttraining. Participants reported increased confidence and valuable practical experience. Anxiety levels also decreased, although significant differences were observed primarily between the first and second sessions. Notably, self-efficacy increased more steeply in the self-review group than in the AI-feedback group.</p>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"346-360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcad.12560","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richard Lamb, Jason Perry, Emily C. Sutherland, Douglas Hoston Jr., Alex Garris, Aniya M. DeRiggs
{"title":"Effectiveness of XR-Based Exposure Therapy for Phobic Disorders","authors":"Richard Lamb, Jason Perry, Emily C. Sutherland, Douglas Hoston Jr., Alex Garris, Aniya M. DeRiggs","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12557","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research on anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicates that virtual reality and related technologies are effective tools for therapy. Given the similar underlying mechanism of these disorders to phobias, it is thought by researchers in mental health care that VR-based exposure therapies would have similar treatment outcomes. The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of XR-based exposure therapy using physiological markers in combination with patient perceptions of phobic response. The primary research question for this study is as follows: what is the effectiveness of an XR-based exposure treatment for phobic disorder? Forty-five participants (22 males and 23 females) took part in the study. Results from the repeated measures analysis of variance illustrate statistically significant differences over time in the main effect of group. The three groups are (1) XR exposure, (2) traditional exposure, and (3) time-delay comparison. Results illustrate that XR-based exposure therapy offers multiple advantages over in vivo and imaginative exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"316-333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcad.12557","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Big Five and HEXACO Personality Traits as Predictors of Multicultural Counseling Competencies of Turkish Counselor Candidates","authors":"Cafer Kılıç","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12559","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The diversity and unique psychological needs of individuals, groups, and communities have become challenging issues for the mental health profession. In light of these challenges, the extent to which mental health professionals can provide culturally appropriate psychological services has emerged as an important topic of research. The definition of multicultural counseling competencies has led to the examination of professionals’ individual, sociocultural, and professional competencies, but research on counselor personality is relatively limited and inconsistent. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations between counselor personality and multicultural counseling competencies. The research participants included 267 counselor candidates, ranging in age from 21 to 47 years (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 22.9, standard deviation [SD] = 2.97, 76% female), in Türkiye. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that the traits of openness/intellect and extraversion were significant predictors of the participants’ multicultural counseling competencies. The practical implications and educational outcomes of the present study were highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"334-345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcad.12559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structural Vulnerability Framework: An Application to Professional Counselors","authors":"Christian D. Chan, Jordan B. Westcott","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12558","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Professional counselors address systemic factors that underlie client wellness and utilization of counseling services. Despite growing attention toward social determinants of health and systems-based perspectives for multiculturalism, social justice, and advocacy, employing counseling interventions to address structural inequities remains nascent. Exploring structural vulnerabilities can be instrumental in reducing stigma for historically marginalized communities and their engagement with mental health services. This article introduces the structural vulnerability framework (SVF), a model of eight domains of structural vulnerability, as a tool to enhance structural humility, leverage social determinants of health, and offer systemic interventions in counseling practice. By outlining the framework, we proffer strategies that correspond to a comprehensive set of interventions and underscore the existing body of culturally responsive counseling research. We discuss future directions for research to apply domains of the SVF.</p>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"257-266"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcad.12558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and Validation of the Parental Perceptions of School Counseling Scale (PPSC)","authors":"Mark G. Harrison, Yi Wang, Ronnel B. King","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12556","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parents are important stakeholders in school counseling, but research is impeded by the lack of a scale to measure their perceptions. We developed the Parental Perceptions of School Counseling (PPSC) Scale in Chinese and English. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis and found four factors: (1) negative beliefs about school counseling, (2) willingness to meet school counselors, (3) positive beliefs in the benefits of school counseling, and (4) trusting attitude toward counseling. We then conducted a confirmatory factor analysis and construct validation tests. Results supported the scale's four-factor structure. High degrees of reliability and validity were found. The scale's construct validity was tested by examining its relationship with theoretically related constructs, with the negative beliefs about school counseling dimension emerging as the most critical factor. Our study contributes to the literature by developing a psychometrically robust instrument that could help researchers better understand parental perceptions of school counseling.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"288-300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144299529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ecological Factors That Predict School Counselors’ Comprehensive School Counseling Program Implementation","authors":"Derron Hilts, Eunji Park, Yanhong Liu","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12555","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>School counselors are tasked with designing and implementing a comprehensive school counseling program (CSCP) to support student development. Although factors influencing CSCP implementation have been studied, a comprehensive model is needed to classify these variables by ecological type, clarifying their unique contributions and varying importance to school counselors’ CSCP implementation. We investigated whether sociocultural factors (e.g., sexual orientation, socioeconomic status), professional development experiences (e.g., ASCA national model training), intrapersonal and interpersonal factors (e.g., self-advocacy, role stress), and systemic factors (e.g., organizational support, school counselor caseload) uniquely contribute to school counselors’ CSCP implementation. Our sample included 265 school counselors, nationwide. The final hierarchical regression model explained 51% of the variance in CSCP implementation. We also identified several ecological factors with unique contributions in explaining the variance in CSCP implementation. We discussed implications for counseling practice, research, and advocacy.</p>\u0000 <p><b>Public Statement</b>: Our study explored factors that predict school counselors' implementation of a comprehensive school counseling program. Our findings highlight the importance of addressing barriers and leveraging supports to enhance school counseling practice, guide future research, and strengthen advocacy efforts.</p>\u0000 <p>[Correction added on March 12, 2025 after first online publication: Public statement has been included.]</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"301-315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cutting Through Stigma: Suggested Best Practices for a Harm Reduction Approach to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury","authors":"Lindsay A. Lundeen, Erin Kern Popejoy","doi":"10.1002/jcad.12554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12554","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For many counselors, both topics of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and harm reduction practices can feel intimidating and unclear. Yet, depending on the client, discussion of complete and immediate cessation from NSSI can feel impossible and isolating. This article combines harm reduction principles, a concept initially developed for addiction treatment, with select existing recommendations for NSSI treatment to offer a clinician's guide to best practices for harm reduction implementation with clients engaging in NSSI. By meeting clients where they are and offering a supportive space to brainstorm nontraditional treatment options, counselors can maintain the core principles of the American Counseling Association's <i>Code of Ethics</i> and limit the number of individuals who seek help through online sources. Ethical considerations and implications for counseling are included.</p>","PeriodicalId":48104,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Counseling and Development","volume":"103 3","pages":"267-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcad.12554","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}