Carla S. Stover, Angela Farren, Ryan Campbell, Michele J. Day, Zoe Sernyak
{"title":"Self-reported reflective functioning and father–child interactions in a sample of fathers who have used intimate partner violence","authors":"Carla S. Stover, Angela Farren, Ryan Campbell, Michele J. Day, Zoe Sernyak","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22044","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reflective functioning (RF) has been found to be associated with mother–child interactions, but less is known about the association of fathers’ self and child-focused RF and father–child relationships. Fathers who have histories of intimate partner violence (IPV) are known to have poor RF, which may impact their father–child interactions. The current study was designed to examine how types of RF are associated with father–child relationships. Pretreatment assessments and recorded, coded father–child play interactions were used to examine associations among fathers’ history of adverse childhood experiences (ACES), RF and coded father-child play interactions in a sample of 47 fathers with a history of IPV use in the last 6 months with their coparent. Fathers’ ACES and their child's mental states (CM) were associated with father-child dyadic play interactions. Fathers with greater ACES and higher scores on CM had the most dyadic tension and constriction during play interactions. Those with high ACES but low CM had scores similar to those with low ACES and low CM. These results indicate that fathers who have used IPV and have a history of significant adversity may benefit from interventions to increase their child-focused RF and further improve their interactions with their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9201824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica L. Borelli, Cindy DeCoste, Thomas J. McMahon
{"title":"Enhancing parental reflective functioning: A special tribute to the life and work of Nancy E. Suchman, PhD","authors":"Jessica L. Borelli, Cindy DeCoste, Thomas J. McMahon","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22049","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nancy E. Suchman's contributions to the fields of infant mental health, maternal reflective functioning, and attachment-based intervention will have long-lasting impacts. In particular, through the development and dissemination of her intervention program, <i>Mothering from the Inside Out (MIO)</i>, she innovated a way of working with mothers with substance use disorders that represented a paradigm shift within the field of addiction. In this introduction to the special issue, written to honor her life and work, we review Nancy's background and briefly describe her academic accomplishments. The special issue contains nine qualitative and quantitative research reports written by Nancy's colleagues and their collaborators. All nine papers pertain to the theme of understanding, measuring, and promoting parents’ capacity for reflective functioning. Four provide findings that advance our understanding of parental reflective functioning. The other five highlight insights from continuing evaluations of MIO, including new adaptations of the model. To introduce the special issue, we provide an overview of the scope of the work done within these projects. Finally, the special issue concludes with two commentaries contributed by Linda Mayes and Arietta Slade, leading scholars within the field who were also Nancy's close colleagues. Both provide insight into Nancy's impact on the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/imhj.22049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9195774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christina Carlone, Stephanie Milan, Cindy Decoste, Jessica L. Borelli, Thomas J. McMahon, Nancy E. Suchman
{"title":"Self-report measure of parental reflective functioning: A study of reliability and validity across three samples of varying clinical risk","authors":"Christina Carlone, Stephanie Milan, Cindy Decoste, Jessica L. Borelli, Thomas J. McMahon, Nancy E. Suchman","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ) provides an efficient way to measure a parent's capacity to recognize their child's mental states and to understand the relationship between underlying mental states and behavior. To date, limited work evaluates its psychometric properties beyond initial validation studies. Here we examined the reliability and validity of the PRFQ in three samples of varying clinical risk (e.g., community sample, previous mental health diagnosis, substance use disorder diagnosis). Across samples, the majority (e.g., 75%–78%) of mothers identified as White; all mothers were from the USA. We compared the PRFQ to task-based measures of mentalization, the Parent Development Interview (PDI), and measures of the parent-child relationship. The PRFQ was a reliable measure across samples, and it was associated in theoretically consistent ways with task-based measures of mentalization. Parental RF across the PDI and PRFQ were not highly correlated in a sample of mothers with substance use disorders. Existing RF measures may be tapping into a different component of the broader construct of parental reflective functioning (PRF). The PRFQ was further validated by demonstrating relationships with parent-report measures of the parent-child relationship. Taken together, these findings provide additional support for the reliability and validity of the PRFQ.</p>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9195773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaylin E. Hill, Autumn Kujawa, Kathryn L. Humphreys
{"title":"Caregivers’ positive emotion socialization tendencies are associated with positive affect in preschool age children","authors":"Kaylin E. Hill, Autumn Kujawa, Kathryn L. Humphreys","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22036","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Longstanding theories of emotion socialization postulate that caregiver emotional and behavioral reactions to a child's emotions together shape the child's emotion displays over time. Despite the notable importance of positive valence system function, the majority of research on caregiver emotion socialization focuses on negative valence system emotions. In the current project, we leveraged a relatively large cross-sectional study of caregivers (<i>N</i> = 234; 93.59% White) of preschool aged children to investigate whether and to what degree, caregiver (1) emotional experiences, or (2) external behaviors, in the context of preschoolers’ positive emotion displays in caregiver–child interactions, are associated with children's general positive affect tendencies. Results indicated that, in the context of everyday caregiver–child interactions, caregiver-reported positively valenced emotions but not approach behaviors were positively associated with child general positive affect tendencies. However, when examining specific caregiver behaviors in response to everyday child positive emotion displays, caregiver report of narrating the child's emotion and joining in the emotion with their child was positively associated with child general positive affect tendencies. Together, these results suggest that in everyday caregiver–child interactions, caregivers’ emotional experiences and attunement with the child play a role in shaping preschoolers’ overall tendencies toward positive affect.</p>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/imhj.22036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9855419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An exploration of parenting styles, cultural values, and infant development in a sample of Latin American immigrants in Canada","authors":"Kayla Hamel, Marette Abdelmaseh, Yvonne Bohr","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22035","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of the current research was to investigate the relationship between parenting style, culture, and infant development in a sample of Latin American mother-infant dyads in Toronto, Canada. We examined associations between mothers’ self-reported parenting style and infant cognitive and socioemotional development, which we compared to results from mothers belonging to two other Canadian immigrant populations. We further examined whether specific cultural correlates, including affiliation with traditional Latinx cultural beliefs <i>familism</i> and <i>fatalism</i> and acculturation, were associated with positive parenting behaviors in the Latin American sample. Across all three cultural groups, authoritative parenting predicted adaptive socio-emotional development, an effect which differed in magnitude across groups, providing support for the hypothesis that the effect of parenting behaviors on infant development are moderated by culture. Within the Latin American sample, affiliation with the value of familism was associated with higher scores of authoritative parenting, but familism decreased as acculturation to the host culture increased. This research adds to our understanding of factors that contribute to the well-being of Latin American families in Canada. Findings carry implications for provision of infant mental health services to Latin American immigrant families by identifying cultural variables which should be considered when providing parenting interventions to make such interventions more culturally relevant.</p>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/imhj.22035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9960875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica L. Borelli, Kelly F. M. Kazmierski, Gerin E. Gaskin, Margaret L. Kerr, Patricia A. Smiley, Hannah F. Rasmussen
{"title":"Savoring interventions for mothers of young children: Mechanisms linking relational savoring and personal savoring to reflective functioning","authors":"Jessica L. Borelli, Kelly F. M. Kazmierski, Gerin E. Gaskin, Margaret L. Kerr, Patricia A. Smiley, Hannah F. Rasmussen","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22038","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parenting interventions can improve parenting outcomes, with widespread implications for children's developmental trajectories. Relational savoring (RS) is a brief attachment-based intervention with high potential for dissemination. Here we examine data from a recent intervention trial in order to isolate the mechanisms by which savoring predicts reflective functioning (RF) at treatment follow-up through an examination of the content of savoring sessions (specificity, positivity, connectedness, safe haven/secure base, self-focus, child-focus). Mothers (<i>N</i> = 147, <i>M<sub>age</sub></i> = 30.84 years, <i>SD<sub>age</sub></i> = 5.13; Race: 67.3% White/Caucasian, 12.9% other or declined to state; 10.9% biracial/multiracial, 5.4% Asian, 1.4% Native American/Alaska Native, 2.0% Black/African American; Ethnicity: 41.5% Latina) of toddlers (<i>M<sub>age</sub></i> = 20.96 months, <i>SD<sub>age</sub></i> = 2.50; 53.5% female) were randomized to four sessions of RS or personal savoring (PS). Both RS and PS predicted higher RF, but through different means. RS was indirectly associated with higher RF through greater connectedness and specificity of savoring content, while PS was indirectly associated with higher RF through greater self-focus in savoring content. We discuss the implications of these findings for treatment development and for our understanding of the emotional experience of mothers of toddlers.</p>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/imhj.22038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9210173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Peacock-Chambers, Maria Carolina Clark, Michael Moran, Amanda Lowell, Amanda Zayde
{"title":"Training home visitors in mentalization-based practice: A qualitative case study of clinical supervision in mothering from the inside out","authors":"Elizabeth Peacock-Chambers, Maria Carolina Clark, Michael Moran, Amanda Lowell, Amanda Zayde","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22039","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Attachment-based interventions are important for improving parent-child outcomes. These interventions must be scaled and made available to under-resourced communities. An important part of scaling these interventions is delineating and reproducing high-quality training, including clinical training which often requires the completion of a supervised case. However, descriptions and guidelines for clinical training are frequently broad or not available in the literature. A detailed description of clinical training could lead to further research to improve the effectiveness and dissemination of evidence-based interventions. <i>Mothering from the Inside Out</i> (MIO) is an attachment-based parenting intervention effective at reducing substance use and depression, improving caregiving, and enhancing child attachment. It is now being brought from research to community settings. This paper outlines the didactic and clinical training components of MIO. We then present a qualitative case study of one community-based counselor participating in the clinical training of MIO and employ qualitative methods to describe the main themes that arose during the training. We aim to illustrate how the trainer assisted the counselor in implementing the core components of MIO, which included (a) refining the language used in MIO sessions, (b) making space to explore mental states, and (c) addressing trauma. We conclude by presenting the implications of these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/imhj.22039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9273393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parenting stress and competence among mothers of young children with substance use disorders: The roles of trauma and reflective functioning","authors":"Ruth Paris, Anna L. Herriott, Melissa Holt","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22040","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Posttraumatic stress symptoms are prominent in the lives of parents of young children with substance use disorders (SUD). Parenting experiences, particularly stress and competence, impact parenting behaviors and concomitant child growth and development. Factors that promote positive experiences of parenting, such as parental reflective functioning (PRF), and protect the mother and child from negative outcomes are crucial to understand to develop effective therapeutic interventions. The current US study analyzed baseline data from a parenting intervention evaluation to examine how length of substance misuse, PRF, and trauma symptoms were associated with parenting stress and parenting sense of competence among mothers in treatment for SUDs. Measures included the Addiction Severity Index, PTSD Symptom Scale-Self Report, Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, Parenting Stress Index/Short Form, and Parenting Sense of Competence Scale. The sample included 54 predominantly White mothers with SUDs who had young children. Two multivariate regression analyses found that (1) lower parental reflective functioning and higher posttraumatic stress symptoms were associated with higher parenting stress, and (2) only higher posttraumatic stress symptoms were associated with lower levels of parenting sense of competence. Findings underscore the importance of addressing trauma symptoms and PRF when aiming to improve parenting experiences for women with an SUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9555584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of the “Attachment and Biobehavioural Catch-Up” program on attachment related parent behavior—A systematic review","authors":"Emma O'Byrne, Chris McCusker, Shane McSweeney","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22025","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>“Attachment and Biobehavioural Catch-Up” (ABC) is a 10 session home visiting program, grounded in attachment theory. It aims to improve child emotion regulation, attachment and behavioral outcomes through changing caregivers’ attachment related behaviors. There is increasing evidence with respect to the effectiveness of ABC in producing positive child outcomes, but the intervention's direct effect on parent outcomes remains unclear. This review examined the association of ABC with attachment related parent outcomes. The <i>PubMed, EMBASE, PyschINFO and SCOPUS</i> databases were searched for relevant studies in August 2021, and again in April 2022. The eligibility criteria for included studies were (1) infants aged 0–27 months at time of the ABC intervention, (2) “at risk” parents, (3) controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals and (4) utilized a measure of attachment related parent outcomes. Eleven eligible studies were included. The findings showed ABC had a significant small to medium effect on a variety of attachment related parent outcomes among parents presenting with multiple psychosocial risk factors. “Sensitivity” was measured most frequently, with small to medium main effect sizes recorded at follow-up, compared to controls. Implications for the clinical effectiveness of the ABC program in community settings are discussed. Future research should clarify who ABC is most effective for and how it compares to similar interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10771256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Callie Silver, Annie E. Davis Schoch, Alysse M. Loomis, Christen E. Park, Katherine M. Zinsser
{"title":"Updating the evidence: A systematic review of a decade of Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation (IECMHC) research","authors":"H. Callie Silver, Annie E. Davis Schoch, Alysse M. Loomis, Christen E. Park, Katherine M. Zinsser","doi":"10.1002/imhj.22033","DOIUrl":"10.1002/imhj.22033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation (IECMHC) is a preventative, capacity-building intervention in which mental health professionals partner with early childhood professionals to indirectly improve the environments and relationships that young children experience. Prior research has demonstrated that IECMHC is associated with positive outcomes for children, teachers, and classrooms. Over the past decade, IECMHC implementation and research have expanded, warranting an updated review. The current paper provides an update of the IECMHC evidence base. Included studies (<i>n</i> = 16) were systematically gathered, screened, and coded for context, intervention characteristics, methods and measures, outcomes across ecological levels, and alignment with the IDEAS Impact Framework's guiding questions. Our analysis replicates prior reviews, describing the positive impact of IECMHC on outcomes such as child externalizing behavior, teacher self-efficacy, and teacher-child interactions. Beyond updating prior reviews, this analysis describes emerging, nuanced findings regarding the mechanisms of change and the differential impact of IECMHC. We augment our review with descriptions of evaluations that did not meet our inclusion criteria (e.g., IECMHC in the home visiting context, unpublished evaluation reports) to provide context for our findings. Finally, we provide policy and practice implications and articulate an agenda for future research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":48026,"journal":{"name":"Infant Mental Health Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/imhj.22033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9325460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}