Journal of Population Economics最新文献

Work orientations and turnover. 工作方向和人员流动。

IF 2.6 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-026-01176-w

Milena Nikolova, Juliette de Wit

{"title":"Work orientations and turnover.","authors":"Milena Nikolova, Juliette de Wit","doi":"10.1007/s00148-026-01176-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00148-026-01176-w","url":null,"abstract":"Voluntary turnover imposes substantial costs on organizations, yet we know little about whether workers' fundamental orientations toward work shape their mobility decisions. In this paper, we distinguish between job, career, and calling orientations, defined as the long-term beliefs about the role of work in one's life. Using original survey data from the Dutch LISS panel, we show that work orientations are strong predictors of quit intentions and on-the-job search, even after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits, job characteristics, and job satisfaction. Career-oriented individuals exhibit significantly higher quit intentions and search activity, particularly when perceived promotion opportunities are limited. Calling-oriented individuals report substantially lower quit intentions and on-the-job search. By contrast, having a job orientation is not systematically associated with turnover-related outcomes. The associations between work orientations and actual job quits one and two years later are weaker, suggesting that work orientations primarily shape turnover intentions and preparatory search behavior, while actual working conditions more strongly influence mobility. Overall, our findings identify work orientations as a novel and quantitatively important determinant of turnover-related behavior and highlight the role of workers' underlying motivations in shaping mobility beyond standard economic predictors.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-026-01176-w.","PeriodicalId":48013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Population Economics","volume":"39 3","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13242402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148206713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mind the (gender pay) gap: the role of board gender composition. 注意（性别薪酬）差距：董事会性别构成的作用。

IF 2.6 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-026-01159-x

Yannis Galanakis, Amanda Gosling

{"title":"Mind the (gender pay) gap: the role of board gender composition.","authors":"Yannis Galanakis, Amanda Gosling","doi":"10.1007/s00148-026-01159-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00148-026-01159-x","url":null,"abstract":"We study how the share of female directors affects company-reported gender pay gaps using linked administrative data. We combine gender pay gap reports with proprietary board-composition data for 8,411 UK firms with at least 250 employees (2017-2021). Our identification uses a Bartik (1991)-style instrumental variable design that exploits regional shifts in female board representation. A one-percentage-point increase in the female director share reduces the gender pay gap by 0.043 percentage points. Moving from the current UK average to board gender parity would close about one-sixth of the reported 9.7% pay gap. The effect operates through three channels. Female directors generate asymmetric wage increases favouring women, improve female representation across pay quartiles, and ensure more equitable allocation of performance-related pay. Effects are concentrated in firms with 250-5,000 employees and are strongest when UK nationals comprise a board majority.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-026-01159-x.","PeriodicalId":48013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Population Economics","volume":"39 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12924850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147277508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why are the youngest in class more often prescribed pharmacological treatment for ADHD? 为什么班上最年轻的孩子更常被要求对多动症进行药物治疗？

IF 2.6 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-026-01190-y

Catia Nicodemo, Cheti Nicoletti, Joaquim Vidiella-Martin

{"title":"Why are the youngest in class more often prescribed pharmacological treatment for ADHD?","authors":"Catia Nicodemo, Cheti Nicoletti, Joaquim Vidiella-Martin","doi":"10.1007/s00148-026-01190-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00148-026-01190-y","url":null,"abstract":"Children who start school at a younger age are more likely to receive pharmacological treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This pattern is widely attributed to peer-comparison biases, but the relative importance of different underlying mechanisms remains debated. We use administrative data from England to study how school starting age affects ADHD prescription rates from ages 5 to 15. Exploiting a sharp school-entry cutoff and comparing children born just before and after September 1, we estimate both age- and grade-specific effects of early school entry. We find that early starters are 40-50% more likely to be treated for ADHD by age 15. This long-term gap is entirely driven by first-time prescriptions among children aged 5 to 8. Using a novel decomposition strategy, we isolate the roles of relative age, absolute age, the length of school exposure, and age at school entry. We find that relative age is the primary long-term driver, aligning with previous evidence on peer-comparison bias, while absolute age and the length of school exposure have only short-lived effects. Our findings suggest that early starters are more likely to receive marginal diagnoses due to their relative immaturity, and we recommend refining diagnostic guidelines and classroom grouping practices to reduce diagnostic gaps.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-026-01190-y.","PeriodicalId":48013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Population Economics","volume":"39 3","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148580477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The fast and the studious? Ramadan observance and student performance. 快的和好学的？斋月活动和学生表演。

IF 2.6 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-06 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-026-01204-9

Kyra Hanemaaijer, Olivier Marie, Marco Musumeci

{"title":"The fast and the studious? Ramadan observance and student performance.","authors":"Kyra Hanemaaijer, Olivier Marie, Marco Musumeci","doi":"10.1007/s00148-026-01204-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00148-026-01204-9","url":null,"abstract":"We examine how religious observance affects educational performance by studying the years in which Ramadan overlapped with the national end-of-secondary-school exams in the Netherlands. Using administrative microdata and a difference-in-differences design, we find that students who are most likely to fast obtain lower exam scores and are more likely to fail to graduate. As expected given the structure of the Dutch exam system, the increase in failure risk is concentrated among students near the pass threshold. Effects are larger in more religiously segregated schools. For longer-term outcomes, we document a substantially higher likelihood of dropping out among students aged 18 and older, who are legally permitted to leave school and therefore at risk of doing so. Finally, analyses of exam timing suggest that modest adjustments-such as avoiding scheduling two exams on the same day during Ramadan-may help reduce the disadvantages experienced by observant students.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-026-01204-9.","PeriodicalId":48013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Population Economics","volume":"39 4","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13642512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of a TB epidemic on worker and firm productivity: the regional perspective from Ukraine. 结核病流行对工人和企业生产力的影响：来自乌克兰的区域视角。

IF 2.6 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-026-01197-5

Olena Nizalova, Oleksandr Shepotylo

引用次数: 0

Understanding the demographics of the opioid overdose death crisis. 了解阿片类药物过量死亡危机的人口统计数据。

IF 3 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-025-01108-0

David Powell

{"title":"Understanding the demographics of the opioid overdose death crisis.","authors":"David Powell","doi":"10.1007/s00148-025-01108-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00148-025-01108-0","url":null,"abstract":"The United States is facing an unprecedented drug overdose crisis, distinguished from prior epidemics by its severity, widespread impact, and demographic incidence. This study examines demographic overdose trends during the opioid crisis relative to historical disparities. Using a simple decomposition framework, I assess the contributions of specific demographic factors while accounting for other characteristics, finding that many disparities intensify when adjusted for covarying factors. Additionally, I analyze the long-term impacts of OxyContin's launch, discovering that it induced substantial differences in overdose rates by sex and education. While OxyContin contributed to some racial/ethnic disparities, there is evidence that other factors independently shaped these trends. Nonetheless, all demographic groups were substantially impacted by the introduction and promotion of OxyContin. This research highlights how certain groups have been disproportionately affected by the opioid crisis and the foundational role of supply-side shocks to opioid access in explaining the demographics of the overdose death crisis.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-025-01108-0.","PeriodicalId":48013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Population Economics","volume":"38 3","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12179229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peers, parents, and self-perceptions: the gender gap in mathematics self-assessment. 同伴、父母与自我认知：数学自我评价中的性别差异。

IF 6.1 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-025-01087-2

Anna Adamecz, John Jerrim, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Nikki Shure

{"title":"Peers, parents, and self-perceptions: the gender gap in mathematics self-assessment.","authors":"Anna Adamecz, John Jerrim, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Nikki Shure","doi":"10.1007/s00148-025-01087-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00148-025-01087-2","url":null,"abstract":"It is well established that boys perceive themselves to be better in mathematics than girls, even when their ability is the same. We examine the drivers of the gender gap in self-assessed mathematics ability using a longitudinal study of twins. Using measures of individual self-assessment in mathematics from childhood, along with mathematics levels and test scores, cognitive skills, parent and teacher mathematics assessments, and characteristics of their families and siblings, we examine potential channels of the gender gap. Our results confirm that objective mathematics abilities only explain a small share of the gender gap in self-assessed mathematics abilities, and the gap is even larger within boy-girl twin pairs. We find that the self-assessment of boys is positively correlated with the self-assessment of their male co-twins, not just in mathematics, but also in other abilities. However, this positive correlation is not observed between girls and their male co-twins; if anything, it is negative. This indicates that boys and girls have different reactions to highly confident male peers. We also find that parents are more likely to overestimate boys' and underestimate girls' mathematics abilities. Gender-biased parental assessments explain a large part of the gender gap in mathematics self-assessment, highlighting the potential of the intergenerational transmission of gender stereotypes.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-025-01087-2.","PeriodicalId":48013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Population Economics","volume":"38 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fighting abuse with prescription tracking: mandatory drug monitoring and intimate partner violence. 通过处方跟踪打击滥用：强制药物监测和亲密伴侣暴力。

IF 2.6 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-025-01111-5

Dhaval Dave, Bilge Erten, David Hummel, Pinar Keskin, Shuo Zhang

{"title":"Fighting abuse with prescription tracking: mandatory drug monitoring and intimate partner violence.","authors":"Dhaval Dave, Bilge Erten, David Hummel, Pinar Keskin, Shuo Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00148-025-01111-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00148-025-01111-5","url":null,"abstract":"The opioid crisis generates broader societal harms beyond direct health and economic effects, impacting non-users through adverse spillovers on children, families, and communities. We study the spillover effects of a supply-side policy aimed at reducing overprescription of opioids on women's well-being by examining its effects on intimate partner violence (IPV) in the United States. Using administrative data on incidents reported to law enforcement, in conjunction with quasi-experimental variation in the adoption of stringent mandatory-access prescription drug monitoring programs, we find that these policies generate a downstream benefit for women by significantly reducing their overall exposure to IPV and IPV-involved injuries by 9 to 10%. The strongest effects are experienced by groups with higher rates of opioid consumption at baseline, including non-Hispanic Whites. Our findings also show a significant increase in heroin-involved IPV incidents, suggesting substitution into illicit drug consumption. However, since heroin-related IPV accounts for less than 1% of all incidents, its increase among highly opioid-dependent individuals does not offset the overall decline in total IPV incidents in affected states. Our results highlight the need to identify high-risk groups prone to switching to illicit opioids and to address this risk through evidence-based policies.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-025-01111-5.","PeriodicalId":48013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Population Economics","volume":"38 3","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12206206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144530434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Labor market sorting and the gender pay gap revisited. 重新审视劳动力市场分类和性别薪酬差距。

IF 6.1 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-025-01115-1

Anthony Strittmatter, Conny Wunsch

{"title":"Labor market sorting and the gender pay gap revisited.","authors":"Anthony Strittmatter, Conny Wunsch","doi":"10.1007/s00148-025-01115-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00148-025-01115-1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows that gender segregation in the labor market has important implications for the estimation of gender pay gaps. Using Switzerland as an example, we provide evidence that there are sizable segments in the labor market with perfect sorting such that there are no comparable men and women. In these segments, covariate-adjusted gender pay gaps are not identified non-parametrically. Reliability of estimated pay gaps then requires correct functional forms for extrapolation or excluding segments of the labor market with perfect sorting from the analysis. We discuss different estimation choices within this trade-off and show how they affect estimates of unexplained gender pay gaps. We find that enforcing comparability ex ante, estimator choice and functional form restrictions matter greatly. Using a flexible semi-parametric estimator with moderate restrictions on ex ante comparability explains up to 38% more of the raw gender pay gap and results in estimated unexplained gender pay gaps that are up to 44% smaller than standard Blinder-Oaxaca estimates that account for the same wage determinants but ignore lack of overlap.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-025-01115-1.","PeriodicalId":48013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Population Economics","volume":"38 3","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of parental education on male mortality: evidence from the first wave of compulsory schooling laws. 父母教育对男性死亡率的影响：来自第一波义务教育法的证据。

IF 2.6 2区经济学

Journal of Population Economics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00148-025-01134-y

Hamid Noghanibehambari, Vikesh Amin, Jason Fletcher

{"title":"The effects of parental education on male mortality: evidence from the first wave of compulsory schooling laws.","authors":"Hamid Noghanibehambari, Vikesh Amin, Jason Fletcher","doi":"10.1007/s00148-025-01134-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00148-025-01134-y","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the causal impact of fathers' education on sons' longevity by linking the full count 1940 US census to Social Security Administration death records and using the first wave of compulsory schooling laws from 1875 to 1912 as instruments for education. OLS estimates suggest small protective effects-conditional on children surviving until age 35, an extra year of fathers' education increases sons' age at death by 0.75 months. IV estimates are substantially larger, with an extra year of a father's education increasing his son's age at death by 5.6 months. We also find that an extra year of fathers' education increases sons' education by 0.22 years, conditional on children surviving till 16 years. This suggests that intergenerational transmission of human capital is a channel linking fathers' education to children's longevity. In addition, we find significant improvements in sons' occupational status associated with higher paternal education, indicating that occupational mobility is another important pathway through which parental education improves long-term health and longevity.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00148-025-01134-y.","PeriodicalId":48013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Population Economics","volume":"38 4","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12605591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145514376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0