Research on AgingPub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/01640275221084282
Justin V Palarino, Jason D Boardman, Richard G Rogers
{"title":"Cognition and Diabetes: Examining Sex Differences Using a Longitudinal Sample of Older Adults.","authors":"Justin V Palarino, Jason D Boardman, Richard G Rogers","doi":"10.1177/01640275221084282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221084282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aims to investigate sex-based differences in the diabetes status and cognition relationship using a representative sample of older Americans. <b>Methods:</b> Using a sample of 19,190 females and 15,580 males from the Health and Retirement Study, we conduct mixed-effects linear regression analyses to examine sex differences in the association between diabetes and cognition over a 20-year follow-up period among older adults in the United States. <b>Main Findings:</b> Females experience slightly steeper declines in cognition that are further exacerbated by diabetes. At age 65, females without diabetes have significantly higher cognition than males; this gap is eliminated by age 85. Among diabetics, there is no initial sex disparity, but females' cognition becomes significantly lower than males' over the following 20 years. <b>Principal Conclusions:</b> Relative to males, females are particularly susceptible to diabetes-related declines in cognition with increasing age.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 2","pages":"161-172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9082354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on AgingPub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/01640275221079400
Zhen Cong, Yaolin Pei, Merril Silverstein, Shuzhuo Li, Bei Wu
{"title":"Children's Divorce and their Financial Support to Older Parents in Rural China.","authors":"Zhen Cong, Yaolin Pei, Merril Silverstein, Shuzhuo Li, Bei Wu","doi":"10.1177/01640275221079400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221079400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined how adult children's divorce affected their financial support to older parents in rural China and how that relationship was dependent on children's gender. The sample was from rural Anhui Province and the working sample included 1629 older parents who reported their interactions with 6210 children across six waves of observations in 14 years (2001-2015). Generalized Estimating Equations showed that divorced sons provided less financial support to their parents than married sons. In contrast, divorced daughters did not necessarily provide less financial support than married daughters. This gender difference was statistically significant. The findings were discussed in the context of changing rural Chinese families, where the norm of filial piety is still strong but patrilineal tradition and gender ideology have experienced desynchronized changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 2","pages":"119-132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9083403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on AgingPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/01640275221098613
Cal J Halvorsen, Kelsey Werner, Elizabeth McColloch, Olga Yulikova
{"title":"How the Senior Community Service Employment Program Influences Participant Well-Being: A Participatory Research Approach With Program Recommendations.","authors":"Cal J Halvorsen, Kelsey Werner, Elizabeth McColloch, Olga Yulikova","doi":"10.1177/01640275221098613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221098613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The federal Senior Community Service Employment Program (SCSEP) provides on-the-job training to people 55 years and older with incomes at or below 125% of the federal poverty level with multiple barriers to employment. This study examined the processes by which SCSEP may influence participant financial, physical, and mental well-being. We engaged 15 SCSEP participants and case managers over four virtual and one telephone session using a participatory research method called community-based system dynamics. Activities included identifying key problem trends, variable elicitation, developing a causal map, and identifying changes to the system to increase participant well-being. Respondents identified how individual, organizational, and program and policy factors relate to participant well-being (e.g., SCSEP participation reduces social isolation, which increases desire to participate) and suggested program and policy recommendations to strengthen SCSEP (e.g., benchmarks of success should include health and well-being outcomes). These findings highlight the benefits and potential of this long-running program.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 1","pages":"77-91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9452189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on AgingPub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2022-05-30DOI: 10.1177/01640275221105231
Sarah Dury, Dorien Brosens, Honghui Pan, Andrea Principi, An-Sofie Smetcoren, Jolanta Perek-Białas, Liesbeth De Donder
{"title":"Helping Behavior of Older Adults during the Early COVID-19 Lockdown in Belgium.","authors":"Sarah Dury, Dorien Brosens, Honghui Pan, Andrea Principi, An-Sofie Smetcoren, Jolanta Perek-Białas, Liesbeth De Donder","doi":"10.1177/01640275221105231","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01640275221105231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to understand whether older adults not only received but also provided help during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Belgium, which factors motivated them to help, and whether older adults differed from younger age groups in terms of helping behavior and motives. Bivariate analyses were performed using data generated from an online cross-sectional survey in Belgium (<i>N</i> = <i>1892</i>).The results showed that older adults who received help also provided it. This \"interdependence\" - mutual or reciprocal dependence - occurred regardless of age. In terms of motives for providing help, both older adults and their younger peers were primarily motivated by present-oriented and emotion-related motivation: older people were motivated to provide help by altruistic values and humanism, and enhancement motives linked to self-development.Policy implications of these results entail: during crisis situations, make use of the bond between older adults and their neighbors, such as caring communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 1","pages":"8-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9152631/pdf/10.1177_01640275221105231.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9077449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on AgingPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/01640275221113036
Cindy N Bui, Kyungmin Kim, Qian Song, Yuri Jang
{"title":"Political Participation Among Middle-Aged and Older Asian Americans.","authors":"Cindy N Bui, Kyungmin Kim, Qian Song, Yuri Jang","doi":"10.1177/01640275221113036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221113036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Political civic participation is an important dimension of engagement in adulthood, but low rates are often reported among middle-aged and older Asian American immigrants. Acculturation to American culture has been associated with more civic participation, yet little is understood about how informal social contexts may play an additional role in these relationships. Using data from the 2015 <i>Asian American Quality of Life</i> survey, this study examined how political civic participation was associated with acculturation and social contexts in a diverse sample of Asian Americans aged 40 and above in Central Texas. Negative binomial regression results indicated that years lived in the U.S. familiarity with American culture, and friend network size were associated with more political participation. Furthermore, social contexts such as larger friend networks exhibited potential to shape how one's adjustment to life in the U.S. is related to their political participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 1","pages":"104-114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9077458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on AgingPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/01640275221122914
Sacramento Pinazo-Hernandis, Juan J Zacares, Rodrigo Serrat, Feliciano Villar
{"title":"The Role of Generativity in Later Life in the Case of Productive Activities: Does the Type of Active Aging Activity Matter?","authors":"Sacramento Pinazo-Hernandis, Juan J Zacares, Rodrigo Serrat, Feliciano Villar","doi":"10.1177/01640275221122914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221122914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Active aging has been associated with both personal and social benefits. However, active aging encompasses a broad range of activities, including self-oriented and community-oriented ones. The aim of this study was to explore to what extent generativity is a key factor in differentiating between both types of activity, and to contribute to the theoretical and methodological literature on generativity as a multidimensional concept relevant to later life participation in certain activities related to an active style of living. A sample of 549 older adults who engaged in two types of self-oriented activity (leisure activities and students of University of the Third Age programs) and two types of community-oriented activity (formal volunteering and political activism) participated in this study. Following a mixed-method strategy, we administered several qualitative and quantitative measures of generativity, including generative concern, generative goals, and perceived cultural demand. Our results showed that participants who engaged in self-oriented and community-oriented activities differed on all dimensions of generativity. Differences in generativity were particularly high regarding cultural demand and future generative goals, which were far more frequently mentioned by political activists and volunteers than by university of the third age students and those pursuing leisure activities. Overall, our findings suggest that generativity plays a role in older adults' participation in some (but not all) active aging activities in later life, and that our understanding of generativity in later life gains from a multidimensional assessment of the concept.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 1","pages":"35-46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9085946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on AgingPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/01640275221103793
Dawn C Carr, Ben L Kail, Miles Taylor
{"title":"Productive Aging Lifestyles: A Latent Class Analysis of Work and Volunteer Patterns over the Retirement Transition.","authors":"Dawn C Carr, Ben L Kail, Miles Taylor","doi":"10.1177/01640275221103793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221103793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frank Caro and colleagues' foundational work set the stage for a broad and multifaceted productive aging (PA) literature. Recent PA research has focused on health benefits associated with work and volunteering, respectively. However, these activities are often assumed to have independent associations with health and wellbeing. Less clear is whether and in what ways older adults participate in productive engagement lifestyles including multiple activities over a long period of time. This paper uses latent class analyses and the Health and Retirement Study to examine combined engagement in work and volunteer activities over 12 years between ages 56-68 to (1) identify patterns of work and volunteer activities across the retirement transition, (2) evaluate characteristics of individuals within these patterns, and (3) explore whether particular patterns are associated with markers of health and wellbeing. We describe how our findings inform successful aging by incentivizing socially and individually beneficial PA lifestyles.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 1","pages":"60-76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9452188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue on Productive Aging in Honor of Frank Caro.","authors":"Sae Hwang Han, Pei-Chun Ko, Sacramento Pinazo-Hernandis, Mariano Sanchez","doi":"10.1177/01640275221135901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221135901","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue covers topics related to productive aging around the globe, with data informing the studies coming from countries as diverse as Belgium, Italy, Korea, Spain, and the United States. The authors provide insights into productive aging research and explore potential strategies to handle key challenges posed by our 21 century aging societies. This special issue honors the legacy of Frank Caro, a pioneer in the area of productive aging. In his personal and professional life, Frank Caro studied and mobilized the productive potential of older people in society, organizing projects that responded to how society could draw more effectively on older adults to address community service needs, and creating new opportunities for productive participation of older adults (e.g., civic participation such as volunteering or providing long-term care).","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 1","pages":"3-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9452235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on AgingPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/01640275221089203
Ginevra Floridi
{"title":"Capacity or Necessity? Comparing the Socio-Economic Distribution of Productive Activities Between Italy and South Korea.","authors":"Ginevra Floridi","doi":"10.1177/01640275221089203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221089203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Much productive ageing research aims to identify the conditions under which older adults engage in productive roles within and outside the family. This study conceptualises two individual-level explanations for productive participation: <i>capacity</i> and <i>necessity</i>. I hypothesise that whether <i>capacity</i> or <i>necessity</i> prevails across different socio-economic groups depends on the degree of social protection guaranteed by pensions and long-term care systems, which varies across countries. Drawing on data from the SHARE and KLoSA surveys, this study compares socio-economic gradients in full-time work and informal caregiving across cohorts of men and women aged 50-75 in Italy and South Korea in 2006/07 and 2014/15. In Italy, where later-life social protection is generous, productive engagement is more common among wealthier and higher-educated individuals, who have greater capacity to engage in productive roles. In Korea, where social protection is limited, working is more common among socio-economically disadvantaged women, who have higher necessity to remain economically productive.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 1","pages":"21-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9814022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9435691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research on AgingPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/01640275221104716
Jeremy W Lim-Soh, Yeonjin Lee
{"title":"Social Participation Through the Retirement Transition: Differences by Gender and Employment Status.","authors":"Jeremy W Lim-Soh, Yeonjin Lee","doi":"10.1177/01640275221104716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01640275221104716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines how retirees' formal and informal social participation change over time and investigates gendered differences. Seven waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing track the frequency of social participation. A comparison group of employed individuals, weighted with coarsened exact matching, controls for age and time trends, and mixed model regressions estimate changes over time. Retirees show a gradual decline in the frequency of meeting friends and an abrupt decrease in the frequency of attending a social gathering, compared to their working peers. These trends are much stronger for men than women, and compound pre-existing gender differences in social participation. The more severe decline in the social participation of men is of great concern and points to the persistence of gendered employment structures into the retirement transition, putting Korean retirees at risk of social isolation and related health deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":"45 1","pages":"47-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9452187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}