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Legal–institutional design and dynamic capabilities for mission-oriented innovation agencies: a new framework 使命型创新机构的法律制度设计与动态能力:一个新框架
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad060
Eduardo Spanó, Rafael Monnerat, Carlos Américo Pacheco, Maria Beatriz Machado Bonacelli
{"title":"Legal–institutional design and dynamic capabilities for mission-oriented innovation agencies: a new framework","authors":"Eduardo Spanó, Rafael Monnerat, Carlos Américo Pacheco, Maria Beatriz Machado Bonacelli","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent scholarship emphasizes the need for mission-oriented innovation policies (MOIPs) to tackle grand challenges and the importance of dynamic capabilities in innovation agencies for their implementation. However, the development of dynamic capabilities in innovation agencies, especially in relation to the legal and institutional design of such agencies, remains understudied. We propose a framework integrating research on innovation policy, dynamic capabilities, and legal institutionalism, adapting the three high-order dynamic capabilities—sense, seize, and transform—into nine more concrete low-order capabilities for implementation of MOIPs. We also look at rules and institutional design related to five groups of routines affecting the development of dynamic capabilities: (1) governance, (2) organizational design, (3) budget and finance, (4) public procurement and partnerships, and (5) human resources. We conclude by outlining the analytical and policy implications for (re)designing innovation agencies to implement MOIPs.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135219793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gerontocracy, labor market bottlenecks, and generational crises in modern science 老年政治、劳动力市场瓶颈和现代科学的代际危机
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad064
Kyle Siler
{"title":"Gerontocracy, labor market bottlenecks, and generational crises in modern science","authors":"Kyle Siler","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad064","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many early career researchers (ECRs) currently face long odds of attaining a full-time or tenure-track research position. Populations of graduate and postdoctoral researchers have continually increased, without concomitant increases in tenure-track jobs or stable research careers. The current hypercompetitive academic labor market is societally inefficient and often inhumane to ECRs, commonly characterized by precarious, exploitative, and/or uncertain employment terms. Compounding generational disadvantages endured by many ECRs at work, analysis of worldwide data on housing rental costs reveals that escalating costs of living are an especially acute problem for ECRs, since major research universities tend to be located in expensive cities. The unfavorable plight of today’s ECRs can be partly attributed to the disproportionate zero-sum distribution of resources to senior academics, particularly of the baby boomer generation. The uncertainty, precariousness, and hypercompetitiveness of ECR academic labor markets undermine the quantity and quality of scientific innovations, both in the present and in the future.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135728696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolution of the STIP literature: discovering the growing role of innovation governance concepts 科技创新理论文献的演变:发现创新治理概念日益重要的作用
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad061
Sepehr Ghazinoory, Alireza Ranjbar, Tahereh Sonia Saheb
{"title":"Evolution of the STIP literature: discovering the growing role of innovation governance concepts","authors":"Sepehr Ghazinoory, Alireza Ranjbar, Tahereh Sonia Saheb","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad061","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The evolution of science, technology, and innovation Policy (STIP) studies has been marked by the emergence and decline of various intellectual streams regarding the innovation process and the role of government. These streams are known as STIP generations or paradigms and have undergone changes in perspective on innovation across different historical periods. This article aims to provide a clear understanding of how the themes explored in STIP studies have evolved over different STIP generations. To this end, a dataset of the most cited research documents from 1975 to 2022 was studied using a mix of bibliometric and thematic analyses. The result reveals that the STIP literature has undergone three distinct but interrelated dimensions of evolution: the nature and process of innovation have shifted from a simple linear process to an interactive and complex one; the innovation agenda has expanded to include economic, social, and environmental goals; and perspectives on the governance of innovation have shifted from a centralized mode to a participatory and reflexive one. The conceptual framework developed in this research compares STIP generations in terms of the aforementioned three dimensions and shows that recent intellectual generations have a broader perspective than early generations across all three dimensions.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136178141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Moving to Smart Specialization for sustainability: the implications on the design of monitoring indicators 向可持续发展的智能专业化迈进:对监测指标设计的影响
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad056
Ghinwa Moujaes
{"title":"Moving to Smart Specialization for sustainability: the implications on the design of monitoring indicators","authors":"Ghinwa Moujaes","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad056","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Smart Specialization policy, Europe’s place-based innovation policy, is transitioning into an innovation policy for sustainability inspired by academic debate and the urgency of societal challenges. The implications in terms of policy design remain underexplored. This paper studies the policy implications of this transition on the design of monitoring indicators. First, a theoretical framework based on the literature is created. Then, monitoring indicators used in the first policy phase are summarized into categories and themes through inductive and deductive document analysis. The indicators’ strengths and limitations are discussed. By highlighting how monitoring indicators need to adjust to the policy transition, this paper contributes to the literature on innovation policy and Smart Specialization. It also provides guidance to policymakers by developing a framework on indicator design and providing practical recommendations on aspects that need to be considered, captured, and analysed through the indicators.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135967873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The micro-dynamics of scientific choice: research project motivations among public affairs academics 科学选择的微观动力学:公共事务学者的研究项目动机
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad059
John P Nelson
{"title":"The micro-dynamics of scientific choice: research project motivations among public affairs academics","authors":"John P Nelson","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad059","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Academic researchers’ choices about research projects to pursue are an important mechanism in societal allocation of research effort. It is unclear whether researchers’ criteria for project choice align with those articulated by policy scholars and philosophers. Many potential criteria for project choice are commonly discussed in scholarly and popular literature, but they have been little studied on the individual level. I review and catalog such potential criteria and then empirically explore researcher motivations for project choice through factor analysis of survey data from 409 authors of research articles in major public administration and public policy journals. I find empirical support for personal gain, societal importance, and intellectual interest as research motivations. These motivations do not neatly align with proposed ideal criteria for scientific choice. Thus, such criteria must be translated to speak to researchers’ personal interests to achieve expression in individual scientific choice.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What makes an entrepreneurial university? Institutional moderators of ecosystem impacts in a developing country 是什么造就了一所创业型大学?发展中国家生态系统影响的制度调节因子
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad062
Paola Rücker Schaeffer, Bruno Brandão Fischer, Sérgio Queiroz, Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de Moraes
{"title":"What makes an entrepreneurial university? Institutional moderators of ecosystem impacts in a developing country","authors":"Paola Rücker Schaeffer, Bruno Brandão Fischer, Sérgio Queiroz, Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de Moraes","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad062","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Entrepreneurial universities have become a key concept in debates concerning regional economic development. Yet, we still fall short of having a clear comprehension of the enablers of such localized impacts arising from academic activity. Such conditions are particularly critical for the context of developing countries, which have mostly mimicked initiatives taking place in the context of developed markets. To address these issues, we analyze the impacts generated by research-intensive universities on local innovation ecosystems. We apply a combination of econometric and case study methods for the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Results suggest that research-intensive universities, mostly public universities, positively impact their respective innovation ecosystems. Moreover, qualified research funds and the existence of a support structure (incubators and science and technology parks) significantly enhance the impacts generated by research-intensive universities. These findings highlight the relationship between the internal constraints of universities and their capacity to generate impacts on local ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bringing technology to market: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute SBIR Phase IIB projects 将技术推向市场:国家心脏、肺和血液研究所SBIR二期ib项目
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad063
Sara Nienow, Olena Leonchuk, Alan C O’Connor, Albert N Link
{"title":"Bringing technology to market: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute SBIR Phase IIB projects","authors":"Sara Nienow, Olena Leonchuk, Alan C O’Connor, Albert N Link","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad063","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) is the fourth largest institute in the US National Institutes of Health (NIH). Surprisingly, there is a conspicuous void of policy studies related to the research activities of NHLBI in comparison to NIH or the National Cancer Institute. This paper investigates the likelihood that a business funded through NHLBI’s Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program will commercialize from its Phase IIB translational support. Commercialization is one performance metric that quantifies a policy dimension of the success of the funded SBIR project. Based on an empirical analysis of sixty-one Phase IIB projects, we find that the most significant covariate with the likelihood of commercialization is the growth in human capital within the business since the Phase IIB award.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135967865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding career transitions of applied researchers to universities: evidence from Germany 理解应用研究人员进入大学的职业转变:来自德国的证据
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad049
Cecilia Garcia Chavez, David Howoldt, Patrick Hoyer, Maria Karaulova, Henning Kroll, Torben Schubert
{"title":"Understanding career transitions of applied researchers to universities: evidence from Germany","authors":"Cecilia Garcia Chavez, David Howoldt, Patrick Hoyer, Maria Karaulova, Henning Kroll, Torben Schubert","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad049","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper analyses the conditions and factors influencing non-university researchers’ career transitions back into academia. Using affiliation data in publications of German researchers, their cross-sector career transitions from the public research organisation Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft and industry to universities are analysed. Although the rate of transitions is small, there are distinctive windows of opportunity at a junior career stage, especially for Fraunhofer researchers. Researchers who publish more and in more acclaimed journals, Fraunhofer researchers who co-publish with universities, and women are more likely to gain a university affiliation over the course of their career. These results indicate the influence of institutional proximity for cross-domain career transitions. The quality and impact of academic knowledge could be improved if the higher education sector was more open to recruitment of researchers from other sectors. Policy needs to target the barriers that preclude applied researchers from pursuing university careers.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135718859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Navigating missions: experiences from a long-term R&I programme to transform the building sector in Austria 导航任务:来自长期R&I项目的经验，以改变奥地利的建筑行业
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad055
Harald Rohracher, Michael Ornetzeder
{"title":"Navigating missions: experiences from a long-term R&I programme to transform the building sector in Austria","authors":"Harald Rohracher, Michael Ornetzeder","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad055","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mission-oriented innovation policies are increasingly recognized as an effective strategy for initiating and guiding far-reaching transition processes towards sustainability. In this article, we examine a successful early example of a national mission-oriented research and innovation (R&I) programme (Building of Tomorrow) that has had a significant impact on the building sector in Austria. The objective is to identify the factors and dynamics that contributed to the programme’s success and helped maintain its momentum over a period of more than 20 years. By successively integrating different groups of researchers and practitioners, organizing programme development as an adaptive process of co-production, and regularly ‘reinventing itself’ by shifting focus and guiding ideas, the programme sustained its mission momentum. Several insights from this case study can provide valuable guidance for organizing mission-oriented programmes, particularly by avoiding an exclusive emphasis on ‘mission orientation by design’ at the expense of processes of sense-making, emergence, and reinvention.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135770011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social innovation, transformation, and public policy: towards a conceptualization and critical appraisal 社会创新、转型与公共政策:走向概念化与批判性评估
4区 管理学
Science and Public Policy Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1093/scipol/scad054
Jakob Edler, Katrin Ostertag, Johanna Schuler
{"title":"Social innovation, transformation, and public policy: towards a conceptualization and critical appraisal","authors":"Jakob Edler, Katrin Ostertag, Johanna Schuler","doi":"10.1093/scipol/scad054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scad054","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article conceptualizes the role of social innovation (SI) in transformational innovation policy, identifies policy options, and points out potential risks of mobilizing SI for transformations. We illustrate our conceptual claims based on selected policy examples and propose a set of distinctions about the basic role of policy for SI in the context of transformation. We distinguish the importance of SI for the two policy approaches: transformative innovation policy and mission-oriented innovation policy. It follows that politics must differentiate between the various types of SI and their different significance for missions and transformations. To decide whether and how policy intervenes, ex ante and ex post analyses of the transformational effects of SI and the policies that act on them must be developed and applied. It is crucial to accompany and promote the diversity of SIs politically in such a way that they can constructively unfold their transformation potential.","PeriodicalId":47975,"journal":{"name":"Science and Public Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135770008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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