VISUAL COGNITION最新文献_第7页

Serial and joint processing of conjunctive predictions 连词预测的串行和联合处理

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-09-05 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2250506

R. Yu, Jiaying Zhao

{"title":"Serial and joint processing of conjunctive predictions","authors":"R. Yu, Jiaying Zhao","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2023.2250506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2023.2250506","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT When two jointly presented cues predict different outcomes, people respond faster to the conjunction/overlap of outcomes. Two explanations exist. In the joint account, people prioritize conjunction. In the serial account, people process cues serially and incidentally respond faster to conjunction. We tested these accounts in three experiments using novel web based attention-tracking tools. Participants learned colour-location associations where colorus predicted target locations (Experiment 1). Afterward, two cues appeared jointly and targets followed randomly. Exploratory data showed participants initially prioritized locations consistent with the conjunction, shifting later. Experiment 2 presented complex color-category associations during exposure. Upon seeing joint cues, participants' responses indicated both serial and joint processing. Experiment 3, with imperfect cue-outcome associations during exposure, surprisingly showed robust conjunctive predictions, likely because people expected exceptions to their predictions. Overall, strong learning led to spontaneous conjunctive predictions, but there were quick shifts to alternatives like serial processing when people were not expecting exceptions.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44417670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How does exogenous alerting impact endogenous preparation on a temporal cueing task 外源性警报如何影响时间提示任务的内源性准备

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2250530

C. R. McCormick, R. S. Redden, R. Klein

引用次数: 0

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2250507

R. Hessels, Martin K. Teunisse, D. Niehorster, M. Nyström, J. Benjamins, Atsushi Senju, Ignace T. C. Hooge

{"title":"Task-related gaze behaviour in face-to-face dyadic collaboration: Toward an interactive theory?","authors":"R. Hessels, Martin K. Teunisse, D. Niehorster, M. Nyström, J. Benjamins, Atsushi Senju, Ignace T. C. Hooge","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2023.2250507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2023.2250507","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Visual routines theory posits that vision is critical for guiding sequential actions in the world. Most studies on the link between vision and sequential action have considered individual agents, while substantial human behaviour is characterized by multi-party interaction. Here, the actions of each person may affect what the other can subsequently do. We investigated task execution and gaze allocation of 19 dyads completing a Duplo-model copying task together, while wearing the Pupil Invisible eye tracker. We varied whether all blocks were visible to both participants, and whether verbal communication was allowed. For models in which not all blocks were visible, participants seemed to coordinate their gaze: The distance between the participants' gaze positions was smaller and dyads looked longer at the model concurrently than for models in which all blocks were visible. This was most pronounced when verbal communication was allowed. We conclude that the way the collaborative task was executed depended both on whether visual information was available to both persons, and how communication took place. Modelling task structure and gaze allocation for human-human and human-robot collaboration thus requires more than the observable behaviour of either individual. We discuss whether an interactive visual routines theory ought to be pursued.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46335916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the other race effect: Human and computer face matching and similarity judgements 研究其他种族效应:人类和计算机的面部匹配和相似性判断

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2250514

K. Ritchie, C. Cartledge, R. Kramer

{"title":"Investigating the other race effect: Human and computer face matching and similarity judgements","authors":"K. Ritchie, C. Cartledge, R. Kramer","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2023.2250514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2023.2250514","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The other race effect (ORE) in part describes how people are poorer at identifying faces of other races compared to own-race faces. While well-established with face memory, more recent studies have begun to demonstrate its presence in face matching tasks, with minimal memory requirements. However, several of these studies failed to compare both races of faces and participants in order to fully test the predictions of the ORE. Here, we utilized images of both Black and White individuals, and Black and White participants, as well as tasks measuring perceptions of face matching and similarity. In addition, human judgements were directly compared with computer algorithms. First, we found only partial support for an ORE in face matching. Second, a deep convolutional neural network (residual network with 29 layers) performed exceptionally well with both races. The DCNN’s representations were strongly associated with human perceptions. Taken together, we found that the ORE was not robust or compelling in our human data, and was absent in the computer algorithms we tested. We discuss our results in the context of ORE literature, and the importance of state-of-the-art algorithms.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"21 1","pages":"314 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59828009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Too much information … The influence of target selection difficulty on binding processes 信息太多 … 靶标选择难度对结合过程的影响

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2224120

Ruth Laub, A. Münchau, C. Beste, C. Frings

{"title":"Too much information … The influence of target selection difficulty on binding processes","authors":"Ruth Laub, A. Münchau, C. Beste, C. Frings","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2023.2224120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2023.2224120","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The binding of stimuli and responses is an important mechanism in action control. Features of stimuli and responses are integrated into event files. A re-encounter with one or more of the stored features leads to automatic retrieval of the previous event file including the previously integrated response. The distractor-response binding effect evidenced that even irrelevant stimuli can be integrated with a response, subsequently trigger retrieval and thereby have an impact on behaviour. However, the type of distractor stimuli, the method of distractor presentation, and the display configuration largely differed in previous studies with regard to the target selection difficulty. In the present study, we thus varied the extent of target selection difficulty to investigate its role on the distractor-response binding effect. The results indicated that both processes, distractor-response binding and distractor-response retrieval are dependent on target selection difficulty. These results are discussed against recent theorizing in the BRAC framework (Frings, C., Hommel, B., Koch, I., Rothermund, K., Dignath, D., Giesen, C., Kiesel, A., Kunde, W., Mayr, S., Moeller, B., Möller, M., Pfister, R., & Philipp, A. (2020). Binding and Retrieval in Action Control (BRAC). Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 24(5), 375–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2020.02.004).","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"31 1","pages":"216 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49585077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is this a real 3D shape? An investigation of construct validity and item difficulty in the PSVT:R 这是一个真正的三维形状吗？PSVT:R中结构有效性和项目难度的调查

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2250508

Kristin A. Bartlett, J. Camba

{"title":"Is this a real 3D shape? An investigation of construct validity and item difficulty in the PSVT:R","authors":"Kristin A. Bartlett, J. Camba","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2023.2250508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2023.2250508","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Purdue Test of Spatial Visualization (PSVT:R) is a widely used measure of spatial ability. Though the PSVT:R is considered to be a mental rotation test, degree of angular disparity between shapes does not correspond with degree of item difficulty. In the present study, we investigate the possibility that drawings that do not naturally look like 3D shapes could affect item difficulty in the Revised PSVT:R. We conducted a shape sorting task in which participants (N = 588) were asked whether shapes from the Revised PSVT:R looked like real 3D solid shapes or not. We also made a modified version of the Revised PSVT:R in which we changed which answer was correct and compared with performance on the Revised PSVT:R (N = 807). Some questions that should have been easier based on the degree of rotation instead became harder. Our results suggest that some of the isometric drawings in the PSVT:R may not clearly look like 3D shapes and that this fact may explain why item difficulty does not correspond to degree of rotation. Our findings raise questions about whether the PSVT:R can be considered to measure mental rotation as traditionally understood.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"31 1","pages":"235 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42390836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Verbal instructions as selection bias that modulates visual selection 言语指令作为调节视觉选择的选择偏见

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2221046

Yevhen Damanskyy

{"title":"Verbal instructions as selection bias that modulates visual selection","authors":"Yevhen Damanskyy","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2023.2221046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2023.2221046","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research has shown that in addition to top-down and bottom-up processes, biases produced by the repetition priming effect and reward play a major role in visual selection. Action control research argues that bidirectional effect-response associations underlie the repetition priming effect and that such associations are also achievable through verbal instructions. This study evaluated whether verbally induced effect-response instructions bias visual selective attention in a visual search task in which these instructions were irrelevant. In two online experiments (Exp.1, N = 100; Exp. 2, N = 100), participants memorized specific verbal instructions before completing speeded visual-search classification tasks. In critical trials of the visual search task, a priming stimulus specified in the verbal instructions matched the target stimulus (positive priming). In addition, the design of Experiment 2 accounted for the repetition priming effect caused by frequent appearance of the target object. Reaction time analysis showed that verbal instructions inhibited visual search. Response error analysis showed that verbal effect-response formed an effect-response association between verbally specified stimulus and response. The results also showed that the target object’s frequent appearance strongly affected visual search. The overall findings showed that verbal instructions extended the list of selection biases that modulate visual selective attention.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"31 1","pages":"169 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45147228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Banner blindness as the suppression process: No perceptual load effect on web advertising detection 横幅盲作为抑制过程：对网络广告检测没有感知负载效应

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2250528

Ksenia Gorbatova, G. Anufriev, E. Gorbunova

引用次数: 0

Novel scene understanding, from gist to elaboration 小说场景的理解，从主旨到阐述

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2221047

T. Sanocki, T. Nguyen, S. Shultz, J. Defant

{"title":"Novel scene understanding, from gist to elaboration","authors":"T. Sanocki, T. Nguyen, S. Shultz, J. Defant","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2023.2221047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2023.2221047","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We examined the cognitive experience of novel pictorial scenes, using observers’ words. On each of two critical trials, a single novel scene (a photo) was presented briefly, after which observers described what they saw. The reports were highly valid, assessed against details of the stimuli. The most frequent concepts used by the observers defined scene gist empirically – there was wide agreement on the basic scene interpretation. The average extent of the reports, or cognitive bandwidth, was fairly high overall: a median of 14.4 correct meaningful words per scene. However, there was a wide range of report lengths across observers. With length, the reports became increasingly elaborative and unique (and still correct). The longer reports document the richer and more unique side of a gist-to-elaboration continuum. In addition, a manipulation of immediately prior experience (priming with other scenes) caused an increase in the reporting of prime-related information, conveyed by a wide range of concepts, including relational concepts. The results are consistent with cognitive theories of perception and the claim of substantial cognitive bandwidth. Furthermore, the highly elaborative reports document a measured diversity of powerful scene understanding.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"31 1","pages":"188 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46672332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of foveal load on parafoveal processing of N + 2 during Chinese reading 中央凹负荷对N的中央凹旁加工的影响 + 2在中文阅读期间

IF 2 4区心理学

VISUAL COGNITION Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.1080/13506285.2023.2200219

Yingyue Lv, Lei Zhang, Wanying Chen, Fang Xie, Kayleigh L. Warrington

{"title":"The influence of foveal load on parafoveal processing of N + 2 during Chinese reading","authors":"Yingyue Lv, Lei Zhang, Wanying Chen, Fang Xie, Kayleigh L. Warrington","doi":"10.1080/13506285.2023.2200219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13506285.2023.2200219","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT According to the foveal load hypothesis, parafoveal processing is influenced by the difficulty of current foveal processing. It remains unclear whether foveal load may affect the extent of parafoveal processing. This is an important consideration given the evidence that Chinese readers may frequently pre-process word N + 2 when N + 1 is one character. Accordingly, the current study manipulated word frequency to explore the influence of foveal load on parafoveal processing of N + 2 using a 2 (foveal load: high-frequency, low-frequency) × 2 (preview condition: identical preview, pseudo-character preview) within-subject design. Main effects of foveal load were found for the foveal word N, with longer fixations for low- than for high-frequency words and a main effect of preview was also found for N + 2, with longer fixations for pseudo-character preview compared to identical preview. Crucially, there was no interaction between foveal load and preview condition, indicating that parafoveal processing of word N + 2 is not influenced by foveal load during natural Chinese reading.","PeriodicalId":47961,"journal":{"name":"VISUAL COGNITION","volume":"31 1","pages":"97 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43458053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0