Journal of Anthropological Archaeology最新文献_第4页

A crossroads between the Mediterranean and the Alps: Lithic technology, raw material procurement, and mobility in the Aurignacian of Riparo Bombrini 地中海和阿尔卑斯山之间的十字路口：里帕罗邦布里尼奥里尼亚纪的石器技术、原材料采购和流动性

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101705

Armando Falcucci , Stefano Bertola , Martina Parise , Matteo Del Rio , Julien Riel-Salvatore , Fabio Negrino

{"title":"A crossroads between the Mediterranean and the Alps: Lithic technology, raw material procurement, and mobility in the Aurignacian of Riparo Bombrini","authors":"Armando Falcucci , Stefano Bertola , Martina Parise , Matteo Del Rio , Julien Riel-Salvatore , Fabio Negrino","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Riparo Bombrini is a collapsed rockshelter within the Balzi Rossi site complex, located at the intersection of the Maritime Alps, Northern Apennines, and Ligurian Sea. This unique environmental setting served as a crucial biogeographical corridor for human mobility along the Liguro-Provençal Arc during the Paleolithic. Multidisciplinary research at Bombrini identified three archaeological layers (i.e., A2, A1, and A0) overlying a semi-sterile Mousterian level. This paper explores the internal variability of the Protoaurignacian by analyzing lithic assemblages from layers A2 and A1, as well as a previously undescribed Early Aurignacian assemblage from layer A0. An analysis of assemblage integrity, lithic technology, and raw material procurement reveals distinct mobility and land-use strategies, despite technological uniformity. Remarkably, lithic production and use in both Protoaurignacian and Early Aurignacian layers frequently involved exogenous materials sourced from distances exceeding 150 km, with some reaching up to 450 km, spanning from the Rhône Valley to the Central Apennines. Variability in the procurement distance of discarded lithics and their changing reduction intensities highlight distinct patterns of logistical and residential mobility. Comparative analysis with regional sites indicates that foragers possessed sophisticated territorial knowledge, challenging the traditional view of the Protoaurignacian as the outcome of pioneering groups entering unfamiliar landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who made the Oldowan? Reviewing African hominin fossils and archaeological sites from 3.5 million years ago 谁造了奥尔当？回顾350万年前的非洲古人类化石和考古遗址

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101704

Eleanor M. Williams , Alastair Key , Ignacio de la Torre , Bernard Wood

{"title":"Who made the Oldowan? Reviewing African hominin fossils and archaeological sites from 3.5 million years ago","authors":"Eleanor M. Williams , Alastair Key , Ignacio de la Torre , Bernard Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The question of which African hominin taxon/taxa was responsible for producing Oldowan stone tools has persisted for nearly a century. <em>Homo habilis</em>, <em>Paranthropus boisei</em>, <em>Homo erectus</em>, <em>Australopithecus garhi,</em> and <em>Australopithecus africanus,</em> among others, have been proposed as candidates, but we have never had a definitive answer to ‘who made the Oldowan’. We review the hominin taxa that overlap temporally with the Oldowan, and use optimal linear estimation modeling to estimate first and last appearance dates for each taxon and the Oldowan. These modeled temporal trends suggest the Oldowan emerged c. 3.25 Ma lasting until either 1.6 or 1.2 Ma, a time span that would make the Oldowan the longest-lived human cultural tradition. The modeled emergence of the <em>Homo</em> genus and extinction of early <em>Homo</em> coincide well with the first and last appearance dates of the Oldowan, but there is also considerable temporal overlap between the Oldowan and other hominin taxa, particularly <em>Paranthropus boisei.</em> Early members of the <em>Homo</em> genus remain the principal candidate for making and using the Oldowan throughout its shorter modeled temporal range (c. 3.25–1.6 Ma), and, if the Oldowan was produced until 1.2 Ma, <em>P. boisei</em> is the prime candidate for producing these later artifacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complicated endings: Household-based foodways and the demise of Early Bronze Age urban society in the southern Levant 复杂的结局：以家庭为基础的食物方式和黎凡特南部早期青铜时代城市社会的消亡

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101687

Hanna Erftenbeck , Meredith S. Chesson

{"title":"Complicated endings: Household-based foodways and the demise of Early Bronze Age urban society in the southern Levant","authors":"Hanna Erftenbeck , Meredith S. Chesson","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The end of the Early Bronze Age III (EB III, c. 2900–2500 BCE) period in the southern Levant (modern day Jordan, Israel, Palestine, southern Lebanon, and southern Syria) has traditionally been characterized as a time of wide-scale, total collapse. Recently, researchers have highlighted evidence for cultural continuity and slow transitions as people abandoned EB III urban settlements throughout the region to disperse into villages, hamlets, and farmsteads during the EB IV (c. 2500–2000 BCE). Focusing on the last occupations of EB III Numayra and Tall al-Handaquq South in Jordan, we examine household-based food practices as indicators of what everyday life was like for EB people living through the decline of their communities. Analyzing ceramic storage and serving vessel data, we found an overall continuity in serving and storage practices at both sites before their abandonment, suggesting that residents of both communities did not alter their daily food practices and likely maintained their social and economic networks despite approaching a ‘collapse’ of EB urbanism. However, significant decreases in platterbowl size and serving vessel decoration indicate smaller scales of food-sharing and possibly early hints of out-migration from Numayra and Tall al-Handaquq South. This research requires scholars to pursue a more nuanced understanding of EB urban abandonment, one that recognizes the continuity in foodways between terminal EB III and early EB IV settlements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Culinary chronicles of ancient Ebla: A multidisciplinary exploration of diet, nutrition, and health in a 3rd millennium BCE Syrian civilization 古代埃博拉的烹饪编年史：公元前三千年叙利亚文明中饮食、营养和健康的多学科探索

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101689

Ninar AlJerf , Abdullah H. Maad , Loai Aljerf

{"title":"Culinary chronicles of ancient Ebla: A multidisciplinary exploration of diet, nutrition, and health in a 3rd millennium BCE Syrian civilization","authors":"Ninar AlJerf , Abdullah H. Maad , Loai Aljerf","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discovery of Ebla in 1964 revolutionized our understanding of ancient Near Eastern civilizations, offering a unique glimpse into the sophisticated urban culture that flourished in the 3rd millennium BCE. Despite extensive research on Ebla’s administrative and cultural achievements, its culinary traditions have remained largely unexplored. This study seeks to fill this knowledge gap by reconstructing the dietary habits and nutritional practices of ancient Ebla through a comprehensive analysis of historical records and archaeological findings. By integrating insights from food biochemistry, historical analysis, and cultural context, we provide a nuanced understanding of the intricate relationships between food, culture, and well-being in this ancient civilization. Our findings reveal a diet rich in whole, minimally processed foods, with a strong emphasis on local, seasonal ingredients and traditional cooking techniques. This study highlights the importance of preserving cultural heritage and embracing traditional wisdoms in promoting optimal health and sustainability. The implications of our research are far-reaching, offering a compelling model for promoting healthy eating habits in contemporary populations and informing modern approaches to nutrition and health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101689"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mask motifs in the land of geometrics. A systematic exploration of the rock art landscapes of Southern Mendoza region (Central-West Argentina) 几何领域的面具图案。对南门多萨地区（阿根廷中西部）岩石艺术景观的系统探索

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101692

Danae Fiore , Agustín Acevedo , Hugo A. Tucker

{"title":"Mask motifs in the land of geometrics. A systematic exploration of the rock art landscapes of Southern Mendoza region (Central-West Argentina)","authors":"Danae Fiore , Agustín Acevedo , Hugo A. Tucker","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper is based on a theoretical perspective focused on the materiality of rock art: breaking away from the primacy of communication and representation in the archaeology of art, it proposes a set of concepts to approach the engagement of people with rock art via its techno-visual and performative qualities. These concepts are applied to a regional case study in Southern Mendoza (Central-West Argentina), in order to characterise the visual codes underlying the materiality of images. Rock art landscapes are characterised by analysing a database of 89 sites in the three biogeographical units: Altoandina, Patagonia and Monte. Technical choices are related to taphonomic and economic factors such as differential conservation of engravings vs. paintings, support hardness, and labour investment in image production. A relational map shows two different sets of inter-site relations, each one characterised by recurring motif-class combinations within the region. The links between motifs’ morphologies and techniques are systematically analysed, leading to the identification of certain motif classes (e.g. geometric motifs) which were “technically-flexible” enough to be produced via different techniques –their meanings being probably more rooted in their morphology–, <em>versus</em> other “not technically-flexible” motif classes (e.g. head-mask figures) which were only produced with specific techniques, thus suggesting that their contents/messages, aesthetic effects and performative functions stemmed from a combination of techno-visual and morphological features embedded in their materialities. In sum, the paper shows how the engagement of people with rock art motifs and landscapes involves perception and production processes that shape their materialities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143923425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Valencina: A copper age polity 瓦伦西娜：铜时代的政体

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101688

Leonardo García Sanjuán , Timothy Earle

{"title":"Valencina: A copper age polity","authors":"Leonardo García Sanjuán , Timothy Earle","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For a century, Copper Age Iberia (c. 3200-2200 BCE) has been seen as a grand laboratory for discussions of early social complexity. And yet, most theories were, from an empirical view point, infra-determined, as evidence was limited and restricted to a few sites. This situation has changed, as the availability of high-quality scientific data for a broader spectrum of sites now provides opportunities for fresh theoretical approaches. We propose a new take on emergent Iberian Copper Age social organisation, based on elements of political economy and collective action. We use the Valencina Copper Age mega-site, located in south-western Spain, to postulate the crucial role played by monumentalised central places in early complex societies. This site, and others like it, operated as attractors of large contingents of people, probably in the thousands, for social congregations that extended the fabric of society along a distinctive Neolithic pattern. Monument-building, largely (but not only) in the form of megaliths and ditched enclosures, brought people together, creating and maintaining a sense of belonging and cooperation, while at the same time keeping in check top-down impulses for more authoritarian and centralised political organisation. In the Neolithic tradition, monuments appear to create identity tied to place among expanding corporate social groups. Copper Age social formations lived in a ‘monument-oriented’ mode of production of sorts, in which the establishment of place and associated monumentalism served both to encourage and ‘burn’ surplus that could otherwise be manipulated and controlled by aspiring leaders. As part of this process, distinctive female leadership emerged at Valencina as materialized by identities supported by sumptuary objects made on exotic raw materials and produced by specialists. The social world built around Valencina as a monumentalised central place came to a rather abrupt end c. 2300, after which a different social medium, the Bronze Age, was started.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101688"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Warrior institutions and martial networks in Viking-Age Scandinavia 维京时代斯堪的纳维亚半岛的战士制度和军事网络

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101661

Ben Raffield , Sophie Bønding , Christian Cooijmans , Marianne Moen , Declan Taggart

{"title":"Warrior institutions and martial networks in Viking-Age Scandinavia","authors":"Ben Raffield , Sophie Bønding , Christian Cooijmans , Marianne Moen , Declan Taggart","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The figure of the warrior occupies a key position in both scholarly and popular representations of the Viking Age. Despite this, many aspects of martial culture and lifeways during the period remain obscure. In order to address this issue, this article offers an exploration of the identities, roles, and social position of warrior groups in Viking-Age Scandinavia. We adopt a recently developed institutional approach for the study of the archaeological record, which allows us to target and analyse a number of key properties that shed light on the objectives, activities, and ideologies of these groups. In doing so, we mobilise and combine a range of evidence types, deriving from both archaeological and textual sources, which collectively have the potential to provide a more holistic understanding of warrior institutions and their place within the wider social formations that constituted prehistoric society. Our analysis reveals the complex networks of obligation and dependency that not only bound these institutions together, but which also influenced and shaped the ways in which they interacted with their communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A collaborative synthetic view of migration in archaeology: Addressing challenges for policymakers 考古学中移民的协作综合观点：解决政策制定者面临的挑战

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101667

Christopher S. Beekman , Andrew W. Kandel , Joan Anton Barceló , Rachael Kiddey , Hélène Timpoko Kienon-Kaboré , Corey S. Ragsdale , Kouakou Sylvain Koffi , Gninin Aïcha Touré , Laura Mameli , Jeffrey H. Altschul , Christine Lee , Ibrahima Thiaw , CfAS Human Migration Group

{"title":"A collaborative synthetic view of migration in archaeology: Addressing challenges for policymakers","authors":"Christopher S. Beekman , Andrew W. Kandel , Joan Anton Barceló , Rachael Kiddey , Hélène Timpoko Kienon-Kaboré , Corey S. Ragsdale , Kouakou Sylvain Koffi , Gninin Aïcha Touré , Laura Mameli , Jeffrey H. Altschul , Christine Lee , Ibrahima Thiaw , CfAS Human Migration Group","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents the latest results of a collaborative project that seeks to develop recommendations for policymakers on migration by drawing upon the incomparable dataset accessible to archaeologists. While prior archaeological research on migration has provided important theoretical insights, our policy-oriented goals required us to adopt different terminology and analytical frameworks. How did migration affect migrants and local populations? What were the primary challenges to a successful migration? Can modern migrations be more than sources of analogy for prehistoric cases? We present detailed case studies from very different cultural contexts prioritized by what we call <em>modalities</em> – the different challenges to migrants and the types of capital used to overcome them. We observe that these challenges are often cumulative, placing more burdens upon migrants that ultimately undermine a successful outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating cross-collections research and archival study: new insights on macaws and parrots from Chaco Canyon, NM 整合跨收藏研究和档案研究：新墨西哥州查科峡谷金刚鹦鹉和鹦鹉的新见解

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101690

Katelyn J. Bishop

{"title":"Integrating cross-collections research and archival study: new insights on macaws and parrots from Chaco Canyon, NM","authors":"Katelyn J. Bishop","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>North American archaeology is increasingly embracing the study of existing museum collections to fulfill longstanding ethical obligations to document curated materials and to avoid unnecessary excavation of archaeological sites. Working with collections from historic excavations in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, this article confronts some of the challenges of collections-based research and demonstrates the benefits of overcoming them. Chaco was the center of a regional network that developed in the northern U.S. Southwest between AD 800 and 1150. Frequently referenced is the presence of nonlocal macaws and parrots, brought in and raised within the canyon. The foundation of our understanding of these birds, however, remains shaky. The research presented here integrates a zooarchaeological reanalysis with legacy data and archival documentation from more than 130 years of archaeological exploration. It provides a revised number of individuals, diachronic and spatial perspectives on deposition, evidence for the practice of curation, and insight into the care that birds were afforded. The construction of osteobiographies refocuses attention on these birds as living beings rather than as objects leveraged in trade and social status. Though often complex and time-consuming, working across multiple collections—both artifactual and archival—has the potential to provide new insights from “old” data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Daily life in a New Kingdom fortress town in Nubia: A reexamination of physical activity at Tombos 努比亚新王国堡垒城镇的日常生活：对汤博斯体育活动的重新考察

IF 2 1区社会学

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101668

Sarah Schrader , Michele Buzon , Emma Maggart , Anna Jenkins , Stuart Tyson Smith

{"title":"Daily life in a New Kingdom fortress town in Nubia: A reexamination of physical activity at Tombos","authors":"Sarah Schrader , Michele Buzon , Emma Maggart , Anna Jenkins , Stuart Tyson Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous analysis of skeletal indicators of physical activity suggested that the population at Tombos, an Egyptian colonial town in Nubia, may have benefited from an imperial framework through occupations that were not physically demanding. With more than ten years of continued excavations, coupled with further biomolecular testing, we reanalyze entheseal changes at Tombos. We compare entheseal changes between the three areas of cemetery, which house drastically different tomb types. Additionally, we also assess burial position (Egyptian, Nubian) and we incorporate the results of previous strontium isotope analysis to better understand the mortuary, socioeconomic, and occupational landscapes of this colonial space.</div><div>Our findings suggest that pyramid tombs, once thought to be the final resting place of the most elite, may have also included low-status high-labor staff. We support this argument with comparative data from Egypt and Nubia. Other cemetery areas seem to include individuals whose activity levels were more moderate. Nubian-style burials have relatively low entheseal scores, suggesting that they may have had low-labor occupations during the Egyptian colonial period, despite possibly identifying as Nubian. Lastly, locals and non-locals appear to have similar levels of physical activity, suggesting that migration status was also neither an advantage nor disadvantage in such a multicultural community. This study speaks to the importance of reanalyzing data; with continued excavations, dating, and biomolecular analysis, interpretations of lived experience in the past can be completely altered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47957,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anthropological Archaeology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0