Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Extent of and Reasons for the Underreporting of Suicide Deaths to the Police in India.","authors":"Rakhi Dandona, Neha Dhole, Mohammed Akbar, Moutushi Majumder, Siva Prasad Dora, G Anil Kumar, Lalit Dandona","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001054","DOIUrl":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> Little is known about the underreporting of suicide deaths to the police in India. <i>Aim:</i> To document the extent and reasons of underreporting suicide deaths to the police by socio-demography of the deceased in India. <i>Methods:</i> Interviews documented if a suicide death was reported to the police for suicide deaths that occurred between 2019 and 2022 in India, identified as part of a national all-cause mortality survey in nine states. Further interviews in three of these states explored the reasons for underreporting of suicide deaths to the police. <i>Results:</i> The prevalence of underreporting suicide deaths to the police in India was 35.5% (95% CI 30.8, -40.6), 34.1% (95% CI 28.5, -40.2), and 38.6% (95% CI 30.1, -47.9) for both sexes combined, male, and female suicide deaths, respectively. The underreporting was significantly higher in 15-19 years (46.7%; 95% CI 32.7, -61.2) and in 50+ years (42.5%; 95% CI 32.1, -53.6) compared to those in 30-39 years (19.0%; 95% CI 10.8, -31.1). Avoidance of postmortem was the most cited reason for underreporting followed by compromise between the affected parties, with variations in reasons seen by sex of the deceased and state. Concerns related to social stigma, maintaining family reputation, and securing custody of young children were mentioned as reasons more for female than male suicide deaths. <i>Limitations:</i> Underreporting estimates rely on self-report subject to recall and social desirability bias. Reasons for nonreporting were collected postevent and may not reflect real-time family or community decision-making. <i>Conclusion:</i> One in three suicide deaths are not reported to the police in India, with variations in this underreporting by age, urbanicity, and state of the suicide deaths. These findings can allow for developing targeted awareness campaigns and community engagement in high underreporting areas rather than a one-size-fits-all approach, and simplifying the police protocols around postmortem can help to reduce this underreporting.</p>","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"211-216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147285720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Continuum of Suicidal Ideation.","authors":"Minjae Choi, Yeaseul Yoon, Yo Han Lee, Hyun-Hee Heo, Myung Ki","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001039","DOIUrl":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> Suicidal ideation changes over time. Few studies have examined socioeconomic inequalities in suicide ideation regarding interrelated indicators of incidence, persistence, and remission. <i>Aim:</i> We aimed to investigate how socioeconomic characteristics are related to the incidence, persistence, and remission of suicidal ideation in South Korea. <i>Methods:</i> We assessed the incidence of suicidal ideation at the 1-year follow-up among individuals without prior suicidal ideation and its persistence and remission at the 2-year follow-up. We conducted a multinomial logistic regression analysis to examine the association between SES and three indicators of the course of suicidal ideation. <i>Results:</i> Among 8,334 respondents, the 12-month incidence of suicidal ideation was 2.1%. Among these cases, 18.5% persisted, while 81.5% remitted. Low SES, particularly income, was strongly associated with the incidence, persistence, and remission of suicidal ideation. The socioeconomic association was strongest for persistent suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.66; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47-9.10), followed by incidence (aOR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.10-2.29) and remission (aOR: 1.32; 95% CI: 0.88-1.97) of suicidal ideation. <i>Limitations:</i> We could not examine changes in these risk factors during the follow-up period. <i>Conclusion:</i> Adverse socioeconomic circumstances may precipitate the worsening in the course of suicidal ideation. Addressing the socioeconomic determinants of suicidal ideation should be prioritized.</p>","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"129-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Support Specialist Services in Suicide Prevention.","authors":"Stephen S O'Connor, Lisa H Jaycox, Rebecca Kurikeshu, Brendan Weintraub, Joel Sherrill, Jane Pearson","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a001045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> Peer support specialist services aimed at reducing suicide risk are becoming more prominent in professional roles in healthcare systems and community settings. Such services may directly or indirectly contribute to suicide prevention efforts. Despite some evidence suggesting the feasibility and acceptability of this strategy, major research gaps exist regarding effectiveness and sustained implementation success. The National Institute of Mental Health convened a 2-day workshop in February 2024 to inform the field on the state of the science in peer support suicide prevention research. This summary presents several cross-cutting challenges in research on peer support in suicide prevention and how they can be addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Military Service, Depression, Belonging, and Suicidality Among College Students.","authors":"Chad N Loes","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001052","DOIUrl":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> Suicide remains a leading cause of early mortality, particularly among young adults under 35 years, with college students showing high rates of suicidal ideation and attempts. Student-veterans represent a unique group facing distinct stressors that may increase suicide risk compared to their nonmilitary counterparts. <i>Aims:</i> This study aimed to examine the relationships among military service history and suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts among college students. Specifically, this investigation tested whether depressive symptoms and feelings of belonging mediate these relationships. <i>Method:</i> To answer these questions, this study analyzed data from 119,664 respondents aged 18-45 years drawn from the 2020-2021 Healthy Minds Study, a national survey of mental health among US college students. Generalized structural equation modeling was used to test the mediating influence of depression (PHQ-9 scores) and belonging on the relationship between military service and suicide outcomes, adjusting for covariates and the complex sampling design. <i>Results:</i> Military service was significantly associated with higher levels of suicidal ideation (β = .391, 95% CI [0.095, 0.684]) and suicide planning (β = .531, 95% CI [0.123, 0.940]), but not suicide attempts (β = .637, 95% CI [-0.057, 1.360]). Depression and low belonging were strong predictors of suicidality. Indirect-effect analysis indicated that belonging was the only significant mediator of the association between military service and suicidal outcomes. <i>Limitations:</i> The limitations of this study include the cross-sectional design, self-reported data, voluntary participation of institutions, and relatively low prevalence of suicide attempts which reduced statistical power. Future longitudinal and qualitative studies are needed to validate findings and explore moderating factors. <i>Conclusion:</i> Military-affiliated college students have higher risk for suicidal ideation and planning. This relationship was partially explained by reduced feelings of belonging. Interventions to increase campus social integration among student-veterans have the potential to mitigate suicide risk in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Telehealth Aftercare Interventions to Reduce Suicidal Behavior or Suicide Following Hospital Treatment in the Emergency Department.","authors":"Eva Louie, Gregory Carter, Richard D Culter, Paul S Haber, Darren Roberts, Andrew Dawson, Nicholas Buckley, Kate Chitty, Rose Cairns, Vicki Giannopoulos, Nazila Jamshidi, Gezelle Dali, Kirsten C Morley","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001029","DOIUrl":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> The relative risk of subsequent suicidal behaviors (and suicide mortality) is high following an episode of hospital-treatment for suicidal behavior. This study evaluated the effectiveness of telehealth aftercare interventions in reducing suicidal behaviors. <i>Methods:</i> A systematic review was conducted using 13 online databases (from inception until July 2024). Analyses included narrative synthesis and random effects meta-analyses based on study design. Risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane tools. <i>Results:</i> We identified <i>n =</i> 14 studies involving <i>n =</i> 14,420 participants. Pooled effect estimates compared to usual treatment showed nonsignificantly reduced suicidal behavior in nonrandomized controlled trials (RR, 0.676 [CI 95% 0.453-1.008]), (7 studies), but no difference in randomized controlled trials (RR, 0.929 [CI 95% 0.734-1.175]) (6 studies, one study precluded analysis). The overall risk of bias was high across studies. <i>Limitations</i><i>:</i> Many studies were underpowered, telehealth was often delivered in combination with other interventions, and the mode of telehealth was limited to telephone. <i>Conclusions:</i> Telehealth does not appear to confer benefit above usual treatment for suicidal behavior during follow-up, although the small number of studies and high risk of bias limits confidence in the precision of estimates of effect size. Further research might use well-designed studies to examine different clinical end points for suicidal behavior (number of or time to events) or other outcomes (retention in aftercare or other healthcare treatment).</p>","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"105-119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145769527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Intentions to Disclose Suicidal Thoughts and Intent.","authors":"Lauren E McBride, Holly Baker, Anthony Fulginiti, Michael L Thomas, Ellen E Lee, Eric Granholm, Charles T Taylor, Colin A Depp","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001053","DOIUrl":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> Nondisclosure of suicidal thoughts is common and impedes suicide prevention. Consistent predictors of suicide disclosure have not been identified, and it is unclear how depression impacts various aspects of disclosure. Disclosure occurs within relationships, but few studies have used social network measures to understand structure, quality, and functional factors influencing disclosure. <i>Aims:</i> This study aimed to understand whether social network characteristics predict likelihood to disclose suicidal thoughts and intent. <i>Methods: N</i> = 87 adults experiencing suicidal ideation and/or depressive, anxious, or psychotic symptoms completed an egocentric social network measure assessing relationship features, likelihood to disclose suicidal thoughts and intent, and perceived benefits and risks of disclosure for each network member. Participants also completed a general suicide help-seeking scale. Generalized estimating equations with participant-level clustering evaluated associations between disclosure likelihood (thoughts and intent) and structural, functional, and quality social characteristics, as well as perceived benefits (e.g., emotional support) and risks (e.g., embarrassment) of disclosure. Spearman's correlations assessed associations between disclosure likelihood and depression symptoms, as well as general help-seeking. <i>Results:</i> On average, networks had 4.7 people (<i>SD</i> = 1.7). Higher closeness and emotional support, but not network size, predicted greater likelihoods of disclosing suicidal thoughts and intent. Depression severity was negatively correlated with disclosure likelihood, and the association between emotional support and disclosure likelihood was attenuated at higher depression levels. Perceived benefits, but not risks, were correlates of disclosure intentions. <i>Limitations:</i> Analyses were cross-sectional; it is unknown how social network changes would influence future disclosure. Most of the participants were not experiencing active suicidal ideation, which limits generalizability to more acutely distressed populations. <i>Conclusions:</i> Social network measurement facilitates understanding of suicide disclosure, and quality and functional aspects of relationships may be more impactful than structural aspects. Depression severity may attenuate the positive influence of emotional support on disclosure. Increasing perceived benefits of disclosure could be a novel suicide prevention strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"95-104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lost in Translation - Ambiguities in the Collective Terms Describing Suicide, Suicide Attempt, Suicidal Thoughts, and Self-Harm in the Research Literature.","authors":"Amelia Hughes, Alexandra Pitman","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001044","DOIUrl":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13014375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Vital Records to Improve Identification of Suicide as Manner of Death for Opioid-Related Fatalities.","authors":"Jean P Flores, Monica M Desjardins, Christopher Kitchen, Anas Belouali, Hadi Kharrazi, Holly C Wilcox, Paul S Nestadt","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001033","DOIUrl":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> Accurate classification of intentional death as suicide is essential to target prevention measures appropriately. Unfortunately, manner of death (MOD) for many opioid-related fatalities are unclassified in the United States, and in Maryland, as many as 82% of overdose deaths are classified as <i>undetermined manner</i>. <i>Aims:</i> For opioid-related fatalities in Maryland, leverage death certificate data to develop a model for identifying suicide as MOD among those classified as <i>undetermined</i> by the medical examiner. <i>Method:</i> Demographic and toxicology data were used to develop a classification model for opioid-related deaths where MOD was known, and then applied to a cohort where MOD was undetermined to estimate the likelihood that the intent was suicide. <i>Results:</i> Antidepressants, neuroleptics, oxycodone, benzodiazepines, and acetaminophen were more common in deaths classified as suicide while fentanyl, cocaine, and morphine were more common among accidental deaths. Our classification model correctly identified suicide cases 82% of the time (PPV = 0.82; AUC = 0.90) and expanded the number of suicide cases by 43% when applied to undetermined deaths. <i>Limitations:</i> The accuracy and completeness of death records. <i>Conclusions:</i> Data from standard autopsies can be used to detect additional suicide deaths with good statistical precision. Incorporating clinical information could enhance predictive accuracy and improve classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"75-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12922162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospital Outreach Postsuicide Attempt Engagement (HOPE).","authors":"Stanley Innes, Charlie Palmer, Elle Nguyen, Bronwyn Sanders, Michele Orr, Rebecca Garbutt, Georgia Cripps, Asiye Graham, Margie Nunn, Sharlette Ryder, Peter Brann, Jose Segal, Joanne Brooker, Judith Hope","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001030","DOIUrl":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> Individuals who have attempted suicide are at high risk of recurrence, necessitating targeted interventions. The Hospital Outreach Postsuicide attempt Engagement (HOPE) program provides psychosocial support postsuicide attempt, aiming to reduce re-presentations including those to the emergency department (ED). This study evaluated the longitudinal outcomes of HOPE participants compared to a matched treatment as usual (TAU) control group within a major health service in Victoria, Australia. <i>Methods:</i> This case-controlled study included 100 HOPE participants and 100 matched TAU participants. ED presentations were analyzed over 4 years (2 years pre- and post-HOPE) to assess frequency, type, and time to re-presentation. <i>Results:</i> There were no significant differences in the overall number of ED presentations between the HOPE and TAU groups. However, HOPE participants exhibited significantly fewer mental health-related ED presentations postintervention. Time to first mental health-related re-presentation did not differ significantly between groups. <i>Limitations</i><i>:</i> Only participants who completed a minimum level of HOPE program engagement were included, precluding an intention-to-treat analysis. <i>Conclusions:</i> While the HOPE program reduced mental health-related ED presentations, it did not significantly extend the time to re-presentation for suicide attempts. These findings suggest that while beneficial for immediate care needs, HOPE may require integration with long-term community-based support to improve outcomes. Future research should explore broader measures of effectiveness, including patient-reported outcomes and quality of life metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"63-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web-Based Psychoeducation for Parents of Adolescents With Suicide Attempts.","authors":"Anette Juel, Jette L S Larsen, Eybjørg Egilsdóttir, Britt R Morthorst, Niels Buus, Elene Fleischer, Jan-Henrik Winsløv, Keith Hawton, Merete Nordentoft, Annette Erlangsen","doi":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001037","DOIUrl":"10.1027/0227-5910/a001037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b></b> <i>Background:</i> Parents of adolescents with suicide attempts experience psychological distress and often request support. This may be provided through web-based psychoeducation. <i>Aim</i>: To examine the feasibility, acceptability, and use of a psychoeducation website for parents. <i>Method</i>: In a Danish feasibility trial, parents accessed a website during 2023-2024 and completed self-report measures on usage and satisfaction. <i>Results</i>: Among 29 enrolled parents, most visited the website once or twice, usually for less than one hour. Text-based information and video clips were rated as most useful. While around half of the participants indicated that the website did not fully meet their needs, most would recommend it to others. <i>Limitations</i>: Small sample size. <i>Conclusion</i>: The website was accessed and used, although many parents may need additional professional support.</p>","PeriodicalId":47943,"journal":{"name":"Crisis-The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"120-125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}