Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"A preliminary qualitative exploration of pupils, parents and school staff perspectives on a brief, school-based intervention for eating disorders.","authors":"Tabitha Jackson, Sophie Fletcher, Talar Rita Moukhtarian, Charlotte Kershaw, Carla Toro, Glenn Waller, Caroline Meyer","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825101148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825101148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While around one-fifth of UK secondary school pupils exhibit clinically significant eating pathology, in-school mental health provision does not include interventions to address such eating pathology.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This preliminary qualitative study aimed to explore the views of staff, parents and pupils, on the idea of introducing a school-based brief cognitive behavioural therapy programme for non-underweight eating disorders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>31 pupils, 22 parents and 27 staff participated in 12 focus groups across four schools. The semi-structured interview guide covered topics around the practicalities of a potential eating disorders treatment programme, the acceptability of the intervention, and likelihood of future uptake.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five over-arching themes and 12 subthemes emerged, reflecting the scale of eating and body image concerns, management limitations, and the importance of prioritising mental health over education. Advantages, challenges, considerations, and solutions were proposed for an in-school eating disorders treatment programme.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These qualitative data show that there is support for an appropriately implemented in-school delivery of brief, evidence-based treatment, demonstrating the potential scope of such an approach to support children and adolescents to receive early help with their eating problems and body image concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145281529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of pre-existing assumptions and cognitive flexibility in the development of post-trauma cognitive processes - an analogue study.","authors":"Rebecca Jane McClements, Julie-Ann Jordan, David Curran, Donncha Hanna, John Paul Corrigan, Kevin F W Dyer","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825101021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825101021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This experimental study investigated whether the trait factors of world assumptions and cognitive flexibility were predictive of levels of attentional bias to threat stimuli, memory integration, and data-driven processing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An opportunity sample of 74 participants took part in the investigation. Participants viewed a virtual reality film to induce mild distress to mimic processes that can occur in individuals when experiencing a traumatic event. A prospective experimental design was conducted involving measurements at pre-trauma exposure (Time 1), post-exposure (Time 2) and one-week follow-up (Time 3). Self-report measures of world assumptions, cognitive flexibility, and cognitive processing were administered. Eye-tracking equipment was used to assess attentional bias towards threat images, and a free recall task to assess memory integration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A mixed effects linear model found increased cognitive bias towards trauma-related threat images pre/post-exposure, specifically for a maintenance attentional bias. Significantly greater data-driven processing was observed post-exposure, with greater conceptually driven processing observed at one-week follow-up. No significant findings were observed for memory integration. World assumptions were predictive of increased data-driven processing; the relative use of data-driven to conceptually driven processing; and trait anxiety. Cognitive flexibility was predictive of state anxiety.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide additional support for the role of maintained attention, data-driven processing, and conceptually driven processing in post-trauma reactions as per established cognitive theories of post-traumatic stress disorder. More research is required to fully explore the roles of core beliefs, assumptions and cognitive flexibility in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working with felt sense of anomaly dissociation in the context of psychosis: guidance for therapists.","authors":"Emma Černis, Louise Johns, Amy Hardy","doi":"10.1017/S135246582510101X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S135246582510101X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dissociative experiences are common transdiagnostically, and particularly prevalent in psychosis. Such experiences have long been under-recognised in routine clinical practice, despite evidence that dissociation is related to clinical complexity and increased risk of self-harm and suicidality. Adopting a symptom-specific, targeted approach to conceptualisation and intervention for dissociation may help improve outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The evidence base for psychological treatments targeting dissociation is building, but training and guidance for clinicians remains sparse. This review outlines a preliminary approach to the treatment of a subtype of dissociative experience (felt sense of anomaly dissociation), based on emerging research evidence and clinical practice. The guidance is tailored to the context of psychosis, and may also have broader clinical relevance.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We present symptom-specific guidance for clinicians, including factors to consider in the assessment, formulation, and intervention for felt sense of anomaly dissociation in the context of psychosis, and reflections on process issues. We present a cognitive behavioural model, where affect-related changes are interpreted as an internal threat, driving a maintenance cycle of catastrophic appraisals and safety behaviours. Using this formulation, evidence-based therapy techniques familiar to most readers can then be applied.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is important for clinicians to consider dissociation. As well as generating new avenues for translational intervention research, we anticipate that the novel insights and specific advice outlined here will be of use to professionals working with dissociation in psychosis (and beyond). Encouragingly, we demonstrate that widely used, evidence-based skills and techniques can be employed to address distress arising from dissociation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitally delivered treatment for unusual sensory experiences for people with psychosis: a real-world service evaluation study.","authors":"Robert Dudley, Lucy O'Grady, Nina Cioroboiu, Emily Bates, Chris Gibbs, Guy Dodgson, Charlotte Aynsworth","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825100969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825100969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hallucinations and other unusual sensory experiences (USE) are common in people with psychosis. Yet access to effective psychological therapies remains limited. We evaluated if we can increase access to psychological therapy by using a brief treatment, focused only on understanding and dealing with hallucinations (Managing Unusual Sensory Experiences; MUSE), delivered by a less trained but more widely available workforce that harnessed the benefits (engaging content, standardisation) afforded by digital technology. The delivery of this in a real-world setting was considered within the non-adoption, abandonment, scale-up, spread, and sustainability (NASSS) framework.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Thirty-eight people with psychosis and distressing hallucinatory experiences were offered sessions of MUSE, delivered by trained and supervised assistant psychologists. MUSE was evaluated within an uncontrolled study conducted in routine clinical practice. Assessments pre- and post-treatment enabled consideration of the impact of the real-world intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was good uptake (88.4%), and receipt of MUSE (89% received four or more sessions). On average participants received 8.69 sessions. The participants reported significant reductions in voice hearing, paranoia, as well as improved quality of life. The feedback from the participants indicated that MUSE delivered by a less trained workforce was acceptable and beneficial.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a real-world setting we were able to offer and deliver sessions of a brief psychological psycho-education and coping skills enhancement package to people with distressing USE in the context of psychosis. The delivery of MUSE when considered against the NASSS framework appears to be a good candidate for adoption in services.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing in-person to videoconference group cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for depressive disorders in an out-patient mood disorders clinic.","authors":"Aislinn Sandre, Vraj Shah, Anastasiya Slyepchenko, Brenda Key, Sharon Simons, Julie Sgambato, Caitlin Davey","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825100957","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465825100957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite their considerable public health impact, most people with depressive disorders do not receive treatment due to barriers that limit access to high-quality care. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, depressive symptoms have sharply increased, and access-to-care barriers were magnified by physical distancing requirements. Videoconferencing is a virtual care modality that reduces access-to-care barriers and can be used to deliver cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), an evidence-based treatment for depressive disorders. However, it is unclear whether videoconference CBT effectively decreases depressive symptoms, particularly in a group therapy format.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This non-randomized study compared outcomes of group CBT for depressive disorders delivered via videoconference versus in-person.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data on clinical outcomes (pre- and post-treatment depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms), treatment attendance, drop-out, and patient satisfaction were collected from adult outpatients of a mood disorders clinic who attended 14 weekly group CBT sessions either in-person (pre-pandemic; <i>n</i>=255) or via videoconference (during the pandemic; <i>n</i>=113).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre- to post-treatment decreases in depression, anxiety and stress symptoms did not differ between treatment modalities (<i>β</i>=-.01-.06, <i>p</i>>.05). These effects were robust to patient-level factors (i.e. age, sex, co-morbidities, medication use). Moreover, videoconference group CBT was associated with higher attendance (<i>d</i>=0.33) and lower drop-out (53% <i>vs</i> 70% of participants) compared with in-person group CBT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Videoconference group CBT for depressive disorders appears to be a promising and effective alternative to in-person CBT. However, these findings should be interpreted in light of the study's non-randomized design and the potential confounding effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Oxford Paranoia Defence Behaviours Questionnaire (O-PDQ): assessing paranoia-related safety-seeking behaviours.","authors":"Sinead Lambe, Sophie Mulhall, Jessica Bird, Kira Williams, Joanna Mitchell, Mollie Roddan, Glory Sokunle, Laina Rosebrock, Daniel Freeman, Felicity Waite","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825100994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825100994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Defence behaviours - actions carried out to reduce perceived threat - are an important maintenance factor for persecutory delusions. Avoidance of feared situations and subtle in-situation behaviours reduce opportunities for new learning and are erroneously credited for the non-occurrence of harm; hence inaccurate fears are maintained. In contrast, exposure to feared situations whilst dropping defence behaviours - a key technique of cognitive therapy for paranoia - allows the discovery of new information concerning safety, thereby reducing persecutory delusions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to develop for use in research and clinical practice a self-report assessment of paranoia-related defence behaviours.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A 64-item pool was developed from interviews with 106 patients with persecutory delusions, and completed by 53 patients with persecutory delusions, 592 people with elevated paranoia, and 2108 people with low paranoia. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to derive the measure. Reliability and validity were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two scales were developed: a 12-item avoidance scale and a 20-item in-situation defences scale. The avoidance scale had three factors (indoor spaces, outdoor spaces, and interactions) with an excellent model fit (CFI=0.98, TLI=0.97, RMSEA=0.04, SRMR=0.027). The in-situation defences scale had a 5-factor model (maintaining safety at home, mitigating risk, staying vigilant, preparing for escape, and keeping a low profile) with a good fit (CFI=0.95, TLI=0.94, RMSEA=0.046, SRMR=0.039). Both scales demonstrated good internal reliability, test-retest reliability, and construct validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Oxford Paranoia Defence Behaviours Questionnaire is a psychometrically robust scale that can assess a key factor in the maintenance of persecutory delusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144974292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-occurrence of severe fatigue and insomnia: implications for the outcome of cognitive behavioural therapies.","authors":"Nynke L Rauwerda, Tanja A Kuut, Annemarie M J Braamse, Pythia Nieuwkerk, H Myrthe Boss, Hans Knoop, Annemieke van Straten","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825100945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825100945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive behavioural therapy for fatigue (CBT-F) and insomnia (CBT-I) are effective therapies. Little is known on their effectiveness when severe fatigue and insomnia co-occur.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This observational study investigated whether the co-occurrence of fatigue and insomnia influences the outcomes of CBT-F and CBT-I. Furthermore, it was determined if changes in fatigue and insomnia symptoms are associated, and how often the co-occurring symptom persists after CBT.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS, <i>n</i> = 241) received CBT-F and patients with insomnia disorder (<i>n</i> = 162) received CBT-I. Outcomes were fatigue severity assessed with the subscale of the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS-fat) and insomnia severity assessed with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). In each cohort, treatment outcomes of the subgroups with and without co-occurring symptoms were compared using ANCOVA. The association between changes in insomnia and fatigue severity were determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no differences in treatment outcomes between patients with and without co-occurring fatigue and insomnia (CBT-F: mean difference (95% CI) in CIS-fat-score 0.80 (-2.50-4.11), <i>p</i> = 0.63, <i>d</i> = 0.06; CBT-I: mean difference (95% CI) in ISI-score 0.26 (-1.83-2.34), <i>p</i> = 0.80, <i>d</i> = 0.05). Changes in severity of both symptoms were associated (CBT-F: <i>r</i> = 0.30, <i>p</i> < 0.001, CBT-I: <i>r</i> = 0.50, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Among patients no longer severely fatigued after CBT-F, 31% still reported insomnia; of those without clinical insomnia after CBT-I, 24% remained severely fatigued.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CBT-F and CBT-I maintain their effectiveness when severe fatigue and insomnia co-occur. Changes in severity of both symptoms after CBT are associated, but the co-occurring symptom can persist after successfully treating the target symptom.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic classification of fear of childbirth: why specific phobia may not be enough.","authors":"Nichole Fairbrother, Cora Keeney","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825000128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825000128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fear of childbirth (FoB) is a common experience during pregnancy which can cause clinically significant distress and impairment. To date, a number of investigations of FoB have assumed that clinically significant FoB is best understood as a type of specific phobia. However, preliminary evidence suggests that specific phobia may not be the only diagnostic category under which clinically significant symptoms of FoB are best described.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The current study is the first to investigate which DSM-5 diagnostic categories best describe clinically significant symptoms of FoB.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Pregnant people reporting high levels of FoB (<i>n</i>=18) were administered diagnostic interviews related to their experience of FoB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i>=18) were predominantly nulliparous (73.3%), cisgender women (83.3%). Of these, 14 (77.8%) met criteria for one or more DSM-5 anxiety-related disorders. Preliminary findings suggest that primary FoB may align with specific phobia criteria, whereas secondary FoB (following a traumatic birth) may be better classified under post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). FoB also featured in other anxiety-related disorders but was not the primary focus (e.g. obsessive-compulsive disorder). Four participants did not meet criteria for any DSM-<i>5</i> disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings provide preliminary evidence that clinically significant FoB fits within existing DSM-5 categories, in particular specific phobia and PTSD. Although FoB-related concerns appears in other anxiety-related disorder categories, it does not appear as the primary focus. Although informative, due to the small sample employed in this research, replication in larger and more diverse samples is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144838263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What happens to children's mental health when we treat their parent's depression? We have no idea. An empty systematic review.","authors":"Peter J Lawrence, Abby Dunn, Mallika Agarwal, Chloe Bowen, Beril Can, Victoria E Castle, Rebecca L Dean, Chloë Elsby-Pearson, Georgina Heath, James Heath, Kathryn J Lester, Ailish MacInnes, Pippa McGowan, Victoria Piskun, Jenny Tata, Abi Thomson, Sam Cartwright-Hatton","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825100970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825100970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parent depression is a well-established prospective risk factor for adverse offspring mental health. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that improvements in parent depression predicts improved offspring mental health. However, no systematic review has examined the impact on offspring of psychological treatment of purely parent depression after the postnatal period.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To systematically review the literature of randomised controlled trials examining the impact on offspring mental health outcomes of psychological interventions for parental depression after the postnatal period.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We pre-registered our systematic review on PROSPERO (CRD42023408953), and searched the METAPSY database in April 2023 and October 2024, for randomised controlled trials of psychological interventions for adults with depression, which also included a child mental health or wellbeing outcome. We double screened 938 studies for inclusion using the 'Paper in a Day' approach. All included studies would be rated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found no studies that met our inclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Robust research into psychological therapy for depression in adults outside the postnatal period has failed to consider the potential benefits for the children of those adults. This is a missed clinical opportunity to evaluate the potential preventive benefits for those children at risk of adverse psychological outcomes, and a missed scientific opportunity to test mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of risk for psychopathology. Seizing the clinical and scientific opportunities would require adult-focused mental health researchers to make inexpensive additions of child mental health outcomes measures to their evaluation projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144761797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's wrong with motivational interviewing? I. Theoretical and methodological critiques.","authors":"Lars G Forsberg, Lisa Forsberg, William R Miller","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825000086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825000086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motivational Interviewing (MI) has demonstrated significant effects in diverse areas of practice, with over 2,000 controlled clinical trials published. Some criticisms of MI have emerged along the way.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We examine theoretical and methodological critiques of MI.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We discuss three significant theoretical and methodological criticisms of MI: (1) that MI lacks conceptual stability; (2) that MI lacks a theoretical foundation; and (3) that MI is just common factors in psychotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It is true that definitions and descriptions of MI have evolved over the years. Mastery of MI clearly varies across providers, and when the quality of an intervention is unmeasured, it is unclear what has been trained or delivered. Reliable and valid tools to assess MI fidelity are available but often unused in outcome studies. It remains unclear what levels of proficiency are necessary to improve client outcomes. Some attempts to minimize variability in the delivery of MI appear to have reduced its effectiveness. In respect of the second critique is that MI lacks a theoretical foundation. It is unclear whether and how this is a disadvantage in research and practice. Various theories have been proposed and specific causal chain predictions have been tested. A third critique is that MI is merely common factors found among psychotherapists. The contribution of such relational skills is testable. There are specific aspects of MI related to client language that influence client outcomes above and beyond its relational components.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The critiques reflect important factors to consider when delivering, training, and evaluating MI research.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}