Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy最新文献

{"title":"An evaluation of the psychometric properties of the adapted PHQ-9 and GAD-7 outcome measures for use with adults with intellectual disability.","authors":"Hannah Jenkins, Kate Theodore, Myra Cooper, Jennifer Breen, Olivia Hewitt","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825000104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with intellectual disability often face barriers accessing mainstream psychological services due to a lack of reasonable adjustments, including the absence of adapted versions of routine outcome measures. Adapted versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) have been created for adults with ID.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the adapted PHQ-9 and GAD-7.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The adapted PHQ-9 and GAD-7 and the Glasgow Depression and Anxiety Scales (GDS-ID, GAS-ID) were administered to 47 adults (<i>n</i>=21 clinical group; <i>n</i>=26 community group) with ID. Cross-sectional design and between-group analyses tested for discriminant validity. Concurrent and divergent validity was tested using correlational designs. Reliability was investigated by internal consistency and test-retest analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical group scored significantly higher on the adapted PHQ-9 (<i>t</i>₄₅=-2.28, <i>p</i>=.03, 95% CI [-7.09, -.45]) and GAD-7 (<i>t</i>₄₅=-3.52, <i>p</i>=.001, 95% CI [-7.44, -2.02]) than the community group, evidencing discriminant validity. The adapted PHQ-9 correlated with the GDS-ID (<i>r</i>₄₇=.86, <i>p</i><.001) and the adapted GAD-7 correlated with the GAS-ID (<i>r</i>₄₆=.77, <i>p</i><.001). The adapted PHQ-9 (Cronbach's α=.84, ICC=.91) and GAD-7 (Cronbach's α=.86, ICC=.77) had good internal consistency and test-retest reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preliminary research suggests the adapted PHQ-9 and GAD-7 are valid and reliable measures. They could provide a reasonable adjustment for the minimum dataset used in NHS Talking Therapies and can be easily administered in routine clinical practice. Further work to establish additional psychometric properties is now required.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience in diversity: a restricted range of roles is associated with more severe moral injury.","authors":"Kari E James, Blake M McKimmie, Fiona Maccallum","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825000116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825000116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Moral injury is a potentially deleterious mental health outcome that can follow exposure to events that challenge one's moral code. Theoretical models suggest a multi-faceted self-concept may support adaptation following such events. However, little is known about the relationship between self-concept complexity and outcomes following potentially morally injurious events.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This cross-sectional study investigated hypothesized relationships between self-concept complexity and outcomes in adults (<i>n</i>=172) exposed to potentially morally injurious events.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants completed validated measures of event-related distress, traumatic stress, depression and anxiety, and a self-complexity task in which they provided multiple descriptors of their self-concept. Responses were coded for overall diversity, defined as number of categories of self-descriptors, and role diversity, defined as number of social and activity-based roles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple regression analyses found greater role diversity independently predicted lower event-related distress, while overall self-diversity and total number of self-descriptors did not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings indicate diversity in active facets of the self (e.g. relational or activity-based roles) may buffer the effects of a potentially morally injurious event.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive behavioural therapy for severe fatigue following COVID-19 in adolescents: a serial single-case observational study of five consecutively referred patients.","authors":"Tanja A Kuut, Fabiola Müller, Annemarie M J Braamse, Jan Houtveen, Chantal P Rovers, Hans Knoop","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825000098","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465825000098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe fatigue following COVID-19 is a debilitating symptom in adolescents for which no treatment exists currently.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and feasibility of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for severe fatigue following COVID-19 in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A serial single-case observational design was used. Eligible patients were ≥12 and <18 years old, severely fatigued and ≥6 months post-COVID-19. Five patients, consecutively referred by a paediatrician, were included. The primary outcome was a change in fatigue severity, assessed with the fatigue severity subscale of the Checklist Individual Strength, 12 weeks after the start of CBT, tested with a permutation distancing two-phase A-B test. Secondary outcomes were the presence of severe fatigue, difficulty concentrating and impaired physical functioning directly post-CBT as determined with questionnaires using validated cut-off scores. Also, the frequency of post-exertional malaise (PEM) and absence from school directly post-CBT determined with self-report items were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All five included patients completed CBT. Twelve weeks after starting CBT for severe post-COVID-19 fatigue, three out of five patients showed a significant reduction in fatigue severity. After CBT, all five patients were no longer severely fatigued. Also, four out of five patients were no longer physically impaired and improved regarding PEM following CBT. All five patients reported no school absence post-CBT and no difficulties concentrating.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides a first indication for the effectiveness and feasibility of CBT among adolescents with post-COVID-19 fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7617664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive and behavioural processes in adolescent panic disorder.","authors":"Amy McCall, Felicity Waite, Ray Percy, Laura Turpin, Kate Robinson, Jennifer McMahon, Polly Waite","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825000049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825000049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Improved understanding of the cognitive and behavioural processes underpinning panic disorder (PD) in adolescents could improve identification and treatment.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We investigated whether the processes outlined in Clark's (1986) cognitive model of PD are observed in adolescents with PD, are specific to PD, and predict symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We recruited three groups of adolescents (12-17 years): 34 with a PD diagnosis, 33 with another anxiety disorder excluding PD ('clinical control'), and 34 scoring below the clinical cut-off on a measure of anxiety symptoms ('community control'). Participants self-reported on measures of PD symptom severity, catastrophic cognitions, bodily sensation fear, and safety-seeking behaviours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PD group reported significantly higher levels of catastrophic cognitions and safety-seeking behaviours than both control groups. They reported significantly higher levels of bodily sensation fear compared with the community but not the clinical control group. All process measures positively predicted PD symptom severity across all groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found evidence of catastrophic cognitions and safety-seeking behaviours as PD-specific processes in adolescents which predict symptom severity. Bodily sensation fear also predicted symptom severity. Findings support Clark's cognitive model of PD in adolescents and suggest that catastrophic cognitions and safety behaviours may be targets for adolescent PD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Through the mind's eye: mapping associations between hoarding tendencies and voluntary and involuntary mental imagery.","authors":"I Sabel, L Stavropoulos, J R Grisham","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825000074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825000074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preliminary evidence suggests that mental imagery may be an important clinical feature in hoarding. Individuals who hoard use objects as receptacles for memories, and experience more frequent, intrusive and distressing images compared with the general community. However, the specific nature of these associations remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to investigate whether hoarding traits were related to the ability to voluntarily generate imagery in different sensory modalities, and uniquely with the tendency to experience negative intrusive imagery. We also aimed to understand the mechanism by which mental imagery experiences may confer vulnerability to hoarding problems.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Undergraduates (<i>n</i>=328) completed questionnaires assessing hoarding, beliefs about objects, imagining ability across the senses, and negative intrusive imagery, as well as symptom measures of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress. We conducted Pearson's correlations, hierarchical regressions, and mediational analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hoarding tendencies were associated with reduced visualising ability, but not with the capacity to deliberately generate imagery in other senses. Hoarding was also uniquely associated with the tendency to experience negative involuntary imagery when controlling for symptoms of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress. Object-memory beliefs partially mediated the relationship between hoarding and reduced visualising ability. Object attachment partially mediated the relationship between hoarding and negative intrusive imagery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that visualisation difficulties may promote a reliance on objects to facilitate recall, and experiencing negative intrusive imagery may strengthen object attachment. Findings may inform imagery-based conceptualisations and treatments of hoarding problems, such as imagery training or modification interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of suicidal mental imagery and experiential avoidance in suicidality: an exploratory study.","authors":"Hannah Maynard, James D Gregory, Andrea Davies, John R E Fox","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825000037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825000037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although research has highlighted that suicidal imagery (SuiMI) and experiential avoidance (EA) are important in understanding suicidality, there is a need to understand how they potentially interact. Previous research has highlighted that EA potentially leads to increased cognitive intrusions, but it not known whether EA leads to increased SuiMI.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of SuiMI and EA on suicidality (i.e. encompassing thoughts, behaviour and suicide attempts). It was hypothesised that greater frequency of SuiMI would be associated with greater EA. It was also hypothesised that greater SuiMI would be associated with greater suicidality, and that EA would moderate this relationship.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Hypotheses were tested by surveying 197 general university students who completed self-report measures that assessed suicide-related mental imagery (i.e. Suicidal Imagery Questionnaire, SIQ), experiential avoidance (i.e. Multi-dimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire, MEAQ) and suicidality (i.e. Suicidal Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised, SBQ-R).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Frequency of SuiMI was positively correlated with the tendency to engage in EA. SuiMI was a significant predictor of both suicidality and EA. Exploratory analysis found that voluntary SuiMI explained greater variance in suicidality than intrusive, involuntary SuiMI, and that SuiMI only predicted EA in low-risk participants and not for those at high risk of suicide. EA did not predict suicidality and it also did not show any moderating effect on the relationship between SuiMI and suicidality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is evidence to suggest that suicide-related mental imagery may play an important role in suicide risk and more specifically imagery that is voluntarily engaged with. Future research is needed to explore the different types of imagery in relation to suicidal ideation in populations at higher risk of suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lost connection? Comparing group cohesion and treatment outcomes between videoconference and in-person cognitive behavioural group therapy for social anxiety disorder and other anxiety disorders.","authors":"Isabel R Shapiro, Jenna E Boyd, Randi E McCabe, Karen Rowa","doi":"10.1017/S1352465825000013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465825000013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One of the most effective treatments for social anxiety disorder (SAD) is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Prior research indicates group cohesion is connected to treatment success in group CBT for SAD (CBGT). Videoconference CBGT delivery is now common following the COVID-19 pandemic; however, research investigating treatment outcomes and group cohesion in videoconference CBGT for SAD is limited.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The present study aimed to compare group cohesion in videoconference CBGT for SAD to group cohesion in both in-person CBGT for SAD and videoconference CBGT for other anxiety and related disorders. A secondary aim was to compare symptom reduction across all three groups.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Patients completed a 12-week CBGT program for SAD in-person (<i>n=</i>28), SAD via videoconference (<i>n=</i>46), or for another anxiety or related disorder via videoconference (<i>n=</i>100). At mid- and post-treatment patients completed the Group Cohesion Scale Revised (GCS-R), and at pre- and post-treatment patients completed the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN, only in the SAD groups) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the course of treatment, all three groups showed a significant increase in cohesion and a significant decrease in symptoms (η_p² ranged from .156 to .562, all <i>p</i><.001). Furthermore, analyses revealed no significant difference in cohesion scores between groups at both mid- and post-treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that videoconference CBGT for SAD is similarly effective in facilitating cohesion and reducing symptoms compared with in-person delivery. Limitations of the study and implications for treatment are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating CBT for health anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorder adapted for online delivery in the context of COVID-19.","authors":"Laura Johnsen, Victoria Bream, Sam French, Richard Morriss, Paul M Salkovskis","doi":"10.1017/S1352465824000511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465824000511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the population's mental health, particularly for individuals with health anxiety (HA) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). This is in conjunction with a significant change in accessibility of face-to-face psychological services which have had to rapidly adapt to the remote delivery of therapy.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>Using a single-arm open trial design, the study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of evidence-based CBT interventions for HA and OCD delivered via a blend of online therapist consultations interspersed with self-study reading materials. A secondary aim was to evaluate remote training workshops provided to therapists.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Therapists attended three half-day remote workshops after which consecutive participants with HA or OCD were assigned to therapists for treatment. Monthly expert supervision was provided. Patients completed routine outcome measures at each session and an idiosyncratic measure of pre-occupation with COVID-19 at pre- and post-treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant and comparable improvements were observed on measures of anxiety, depression and social adjustment from pre- to post-treatment in both the HA (<i>n</i>=14) and OCD (<i>n</i>=20) groups. Disorder-specific measures also showed significant improvements after treatment. The HA group showed greater levels of change on the COVID-19-specific questionnaire. The training workshops were well received by therapists, who valued the monthly supervision sessions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study provides support for the effectiveness of the online delivery of CBT for HA and OCD supported by the inclusion of additional self-study booklets.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive therapy for PTSD following multiple-trauma exposure in children and adolescents: a case series.","authors":"Charlotte Smith, Catherine E L Ford, Tim Dalgleish, Patrick Smith, Anna McKinnon, Ben Goodall, Isobel Wright, Victoria Pile, Richard Meiser-Stedman","doi":"10.1017/S1352465824000444","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465824000444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive therapy for PTSD (CT-PTSD) is an efficacious treatment for children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following single incident trauma, but there is a lack of evidence relating to this approach for youth with PTSD following exposure to multiple traumatic experiences.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the safety, acceptability and feasibility of CT-PTSD for youth following multiple trauma, and obtain a preliminary estimate of its pre-post effect size.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Nine children and adolescents (aged 8-17 years) with multiple-trauma PTSD were recruited to a case series of CT-PTSD. Participants completed a structured interview and mental health questionnaires at baseline, post-treatment and 6-month follow-up, and measures of treatment credibility, therapeutic alliance, and mechanisms proposed to underpin treatment response. A developmentally adjusted algorithm for diagnosing PTSD was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No safety concerns or adverse effects were recorded. Suicidal ideation reduced following treatment. No participants withdrew from treatment or from the study. CT-PTSD was rated as highly credible. Participants reported strong working alliances with their therapists. Data completion was good at post-treatment (<i>n</i>=8), but modest at 6-month follow-up (<i>n</i>=6). Only two participants met criteria for PTSD (developmentally adjusted algorithm) at post-treatment. A large within-subjects treatment effect was observed post-treatment and at follow up for PTSD severity (using self-report questionnaire measures; <i>d</i>s>1.65) and general functioning (CGAS; <i>d</i>s<1.23). Participants showed reduced anxiety and depression symptoms at post-treatment and follow-up (RCADS-C; <i>d</i>s>.57).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that CT-PTSD is a safe, acceptable and feasible treatment for children with multiple-trauma PTSD, which warrants further evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"47-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The belief that being high is a natural part of your personality predicts an increase in manic symptoms over time in bipolar disorder.","authors":"Thomas Richardson, Warren Mansell","doi":"10.1017/S1352465824000389","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1352465824000389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several psychological models of bipolar disorder propose that certain types of appraisals can lead to increases in manic symptoms.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We tested whether the belief that being 'high' is a natural part of one's personality and correlates with manic symptoms 4 months later when controlling for manic symptoms at baseline.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This was a prospective 4-month follow-up design using self-report measures. Forty people with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder completed a measure of manic symptoms, a measure of appraisals associated with bipolar disorder, and a single-item measure, 'To what extent do you feel like being \"high\" is a natural part of your personality?', at baseline and follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The single-item measure showed modest stability over time and construct validity in its correlation with a standardised measure of appraisals in bipolar disorder. As predicted, the single-item measure correlated with manic symptoms at follow-up when controlling for manic symptoms at baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The belief that being 'high' is a natural part of one's personality is a potential predictor of manic symptoms. Further research needs to study the potential mediating mechanisms such as activating behaviours, and control for indicators of the bipolar endophenotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":47936,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"80-84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}