International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Proprioceptive Reweighting and Postural Control are Impaired Among Elite Athletes Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.","authors":"Benoit Attalin, Telma Sagnard, Eric Laboute, Nicolas Forestier, Olivier Rémy-Néris, Brice Picot","doi":"10.26603/001c.124802","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.124802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>After anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), the risk of recurrence can reach 20%, partially due to poor postural control and impaired sensory processing. Lack of flexibility in proprioceptive postural strategy has recently been shown to be a potential risk factor for ACL injury.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/purpose: </strong>This study aimed to compare proprioceptive reweighting and postural control between ACLR and controls elite athletes. It has been hypothesized that athletes with ACLR exhibit impaired proprioceptive reweighting and poor postural control.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-two ACLR and 23 control elite athletes (50 males and 25 females, mean age 24.7 years) were included. Proprioceptive reweighting was determined using the evolution of proprioceptive weighting (eRPW), calculated from the center of pressure (CoP) displacements generated by tendon vibration during bilateral standing tasks on firm and foam surfaces. An eRPW <95% classified individuals as flexible (i.e., able to reweight proprioceptive signals from the ankle to the lumbar region), whereas an eRPW >105% classified individuals as rigid (i.e., maintaining an ankle dominant strategy). CoP velocity (vCoP) and CoP ellipse area (EA) were used to characterize postural control. Independent sample t-test and a Chi-squared test were used to compare eRPW, vCoP, EA, and the proportion of flexible and rigid athletes between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The eRPW was higher in the ACLR group (100.9±58.8 vs. 68.6±26.6%; p=0.031; Rank biserial correlation=0.314; medium), with a greater proportion of rigid athletes than in the control group (38.5 vs. 4.4%; p=0.010), reflecting lower proprioceptive reweighting. The ACLR group had greater EA on foam surface (8.0±4.6 vs. 6.3±4.4cm²; p=0.019), revealing poorer postural control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elite athletes with ACLR showed impaired proprioceptive reweighting and poor postural control on an unstable surface. This reflects an inability to adapt proprioceptive weighting when balance conditions are changing and suboptimal postural strategies.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>3b.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 11","pages":"1314-1323"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utilization of Diagnostic Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in the Evaluation for Ischiofemoral Impingement: A Perspective for Rehabilitation Providers.","authors":"Robert C Manske, Chris Wolfe, Phil Page, Michael Voight, Beth Bardowski","doi":"10.26603/001c.125000","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.125000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischiofemoral impingement (IFI) is a significant but often underdiagnosed source of deep posterior hip pain and functional impairment, frequently associated with narrowing of the ischiofemoral space (IFS) between the ischial tuberosity and the lesser trochanter of the femur. Traditionally, diagnostic approaches for IFI have relied on clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the advent of diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) has transformed the evaluation process. MSKUS offers a non-invasive, cost-effective, and dynamic method for assessing the IFS and associated musculature in real time, allowing for high-resolution visualization of soft tissues, bones, and neurovascular structures. For rehabilitation providers, understanding the application, strengths, and limitations of MSKUS can enhance diagnostic accuracy, guide targeted therapeutic interventions, and potentially expedite recovery. This article reviews the anatomy of the IFS, the pathophysiology of IFI, and the use of MSKUS in diagnosing IFI, equipping rehabilitation professionals with the knowledge to integrate this valuable diagnostic tool into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 11","pages":"1490-1495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement between 2D Visual- and 3D Motion Capture-based Assessment of Foot Strike Pattern.","authors":"Haruhiko Goto, Toshinao Kamikubo, Ryota Yamamoto, Toshiharu Tsutsui, Suguru Torii","doi":"10.26603/001c.123952","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.123952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Foot strike patterns during running are typically categorized into two types: non-rearfoot strike (NRFS) and rearfoot strike (RFS), or as three distinct types: forefoot strike (FFS), midfoot strike (MFS), and RFS, based on which part of the foot lands first. Various methods, including two-dimensional (2D) visual-based methods and three-dimensional (3D) motion capture-based methods utilizing parameters such as the strike index (SI) or strike angle (SA), have been employed to assess these patterns. However, the consistency between the results obtained from each method remains debatable.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the agreement for assessing foot strike patterns into two (NRFS and RFS) or three types (FFS, MFS, and RFS) between 2D visual- and 3D motion capture-based methods. The authors hypothesized that using two description types (NRFS and RFS) would have high inter-method reliability; however, using three description types (FFS, MFS and RFS) would have lower inter-method reliability because of the difficulty in distinguishing between FFS and MFS.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Controlled Laboratory Study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Overall, 162 foot strikes from four healthy runners with various foot strike patterns were analyzed. Running kinematics and kinetics were recorded using a 3D motion capture system with a force platform. Each foot strike was filmed at 240 fps from the sagittal perspective. The visual, SI, and SA methods were used, and the kappa values for each method were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An assessment of the two types of foot strike: NRFS and RFS, revealed almost perfect kappa values (κ = 0.89-0.95) among the visual, SI, and SA methods. In contrast, an assessment of the three types: FFS, MFS, and RFS, revealed relatively low kappa values (κ = 0.58-0.71). Kappa values within the NRFS category, which includes MFS and FFS, ranged from fair to slight (κ = 0.08-0.33).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Previous laboratory findings that categorized foot strike patterns into two distinct types may be applied in observational studies, clinical practice, and training situations.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 11","pages":"1386-1396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Task-Driven Neurophysiological qEEG Baseline Performance Capabilities in Healthy, Uninjured Division-I College Athletes.","authors":"Robert E Mangine, Thomas G Palmer, James A Tersak, Michael Mark, Joseph F Clark, Marsha Eifert-Mangine, Audrey Hill-Lindsay, Brian M Grawe","doi":"10.26603/001c.124935","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.124935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Athletic performance can be measured with a variety of clinical and functional assessment techniques. There is a need to better understand the relationship between the brain's electrical activity and the body's physiological performance capabilities in real-time while performing physical tasks related to sport. Orthopedic functional assessments used to monitor the neuroplastic properties of the central nervous system lack objectivity and/or pertinent functionality specific to sport. The ability to assess brain wave activity with physiological metrics during functional exercises associated with sport has proven to be difficult and impractical in real-time sport settings. Quantitative electroencephalography or qEEG brain mapping is a unique, real-time comprehensive assessment of brain electrical activity performed in combination with physiometrics which offers insight to neurophysiological brain-to-body function. Brain neuroplasticity has been associated with differences in musculoskeletal performance among athletes, however comparative real-time normal data to benchmark performance capabilities is limited.</p><p><strong>Purpose/design: </strong>This prospective, descriptive case series evaluated performance of task-driven activities using an innovative neurophysiological assessment technique of qEEG monitored neurophysiological responses to establish a comparative benchmark of performance capabilities in healthy, uninjured Division-I athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight healthy uninjured females (n=11) and males (n=17) NCAA Division-I athletes participated in real-time neurophysiological assessment using a Bluetooth, wireless 21-channel dry EEG headset while performing functional activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Uninjured athletes experienced standard and regulated fluctuations of brain wave activity in key performance indicators of attention, workload capacity and sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) asymmetries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>qEEG neurophysiological real-time assessment concurrent with functional activities in uninjured, Division-I athletes may provide a performance capability benchmark. Real-time neurophysiological data can be used to monitor athletes' preparedness to participate in sport, rehabilitation progressions, assist in development of injury prevention programs, and return to play decisions. While this paper focuses on healthy, uninjured participants, results underscore the need to discen pre-injury benchmarks.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>4.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 11","pages":"1348-1361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocognitive & Ecological Motor Learning Considerations for the 11+ ACL Injury Prevention Program: A Commentary.","authors":"Dustin R Grooms, Mario Bizzini, Holly Silvers-Granelli, Anne Benjaminse","doi":"10.26603/001c.123956","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.123956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 11+ is a structured warm-up program designed to prevent injuries in soccer players, but has proven efficacy in many populations, settings and sports. It consists of 15 exercises that target the most common injury sites, such as the knee, ankle, and groin. However, the implementation and adherence of the 11+ remain suboptimal, and recent compelling data indicates underlying mechanisms of injury risk related to neural control of movement may not be adequately targeted. Updates to the 11+ considering practical implications of neurocognitive and ecological motor learning may be warranted for coaches and practitioners. We review the evidence on how an updated 11+ may influence the cognitive and perceptual processes involved in motor control and learning, such as attention, anticipation, decision making, and feedback. How the 11+ can be adapted to the ecological constraints and affordances of the football (soccer) environment is also discussed, including the task, the individual, and the context. By considering these factors, the 11+ can be more effective, engaging, and enjoyable for the players, and thus improve its adoption and compliance. The 11+ has the capability to not only a physical warm-up, but also a neurocognitive and ecological preparation for the game. Therefore, the purpose of this manuscript is to describe the conceptual design of a new ecological neurocognitively enriched 11+, that builds on the strong foundation of the original intervention with considerations for the newly discovered potential neural control of movement risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 11","pages":"1362-1372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hip and Groin Problems in Female Team-Sport Athletes: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Juan Diego Stadelmann, Freddy Reichmann, Romana Franceschini-Brunner, Andrea Mosler, Nicola A Maffiuletti, Mario Bizzini","doi":"10.26603/001c.123946","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.123946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hip and groin problems are common among team-sport athletes. However, few studies have been conducted in female athletes that have used the Doha Agreement classification system to categorize these problems.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the preseason point prevalence of hip and groin problems in elite female team-sport athletes. Secondary aims were to categorize the groin problems according to the Doha Agreement classification system and to explore the association between hip muscle strength and self-reported hip and groin function.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Female athletes who participated in various sports underwent preseason assessment of isometric hip adduction and abduction strength, with pain levels recorded during respective contractions, and self-reported function on the Copenhagen Hip and groin Outcome Score (HAGOS). If any athlete reported current hip and groin problems during this screening assessment, a full, standardized clinical hip and groin examination was undertaken. These hip and groin problems were then categorized according to the Doha Agreement classification system. Comparisons between the participants with vs without hip and groin problems were made, and correlational statistics were used to examine relationships between strength and HAGOS scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-one elite female athletes from six different sports were included in the study. Thirteen athletes reported current hip and groin problems, with an overall prevalence rate of 14.3%. Iliopsoas-related groin pain was the most common category diagnosed, accounting for 58.8% of cases, followed by hip-related groin pain (17.6%), adductor-related (11.8%), and inguinal- and pubic-related pain (both 5.9%). No association was found between strength and function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The hip and groin point prevalence in female athletes documented during preseason appears to be similar to those reported in male athletes. Iliopsoas-related groin pain was the most common clinical entity reported in female athletes in this study. There was no association between hip muscle strength and self-reported hip and groin function.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>3b.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 11","pages":"1426-1438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Lumbar Locked Rotation, Trunk Rotation During Pitching, and Pitch Velocity in High School Baseball Players.","authors":"Shun Okamura, Kai Iida","doi":"10.26603/001c.123954","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.123954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trunk rotation during pitching correlates with pitching velocity and load on the joints of the upper limb. Trunk rotation is often focusing on during teaching the pitching motion. Athletes who exhibit early trunk rotation during pitching often have low thoracic spine rotational range of motion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the range of thoracic spine rotation measured using the lumbar locked rotation test (LLR-t), hip-shoulder separation (H/S) and thoracic rotation angle at stride foot contact (SFC), and ball velocity.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive laboratory study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen healthy male high school students belonging to a baseball club were recruited for participation. The throwing side and non-throwing side LLR-t was performed using an inclinometer. Hip-shoulder separation and thoracic rotation angle during SFC were measured using a pitching motion analysis application: Pitch AI. In addition, a tracking device specifically designed for pitching：Pitching2.0 was employed to measure ball velocity. Correlations between LLR angle, H/S, trunk rotation angles at SFC, and ball velocity were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>There was a positive correlation（r=0.52，p=0.047） between the LLRt angle and H/S. Additionally, there was a negative correlation（r=-0.62, p =0.01） between the LLRt angle on the throwing side and thoracic rotation angle. There was a positive correlation(r=0.54, p=0.04) between ball velocity and H/S and a negative correlation(r=-0.56, p=0.03) between ball velocity and thoracic rotation angle during SFC. 　.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The LLR-t measures thoracic rotation angle with the pelvis-lumbar spine fixed. The results indicated that throwing side LLR was related to the thoracic angle during SFC and hip-shoulder separation.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>3.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 11","pages":"1447-1454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Therapists' Use of Psychological Skills Training in Rehabilitation Following Traumatic Knee Injury: An Online Survey Study.","authors":"Cederström Cederström, Jonas Bloch Thorlund, Britt Elin Øiestad, Kristoffer Henriksen, Eva Ageberg","doi":"10.26603/001c.126056","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.126056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rehabilitation following traumatic knee injury often focuses primarily on physical aspects. Lack of knowledge of psychological factors and appropriate strategies may be a barrier to meeting treatment recommendations to address these factors.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate whether, and to what extent, Scandinavian physical therapists address psychological factors in treatment of physically active people with traumatic knee injury.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional online survey study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This 32-item study-specific online survey examined physical therapists' use of goal-setting, imagery, and arousal regulation to address psychological factors during rehabilitation following traumatic knee injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from n=143 physical therapists indicate that they consider it very important to use goal-setting (median 4 [IQR 1]), imagery (median 4 [IQR 1]), and stress management (median 4 [IQR 1]) during rehabilitation on a scale of 1 (lowest) to 5 (highest). Goal-setting was used by n=143 (100%); imagery by n=67 (47%), and arousal regulation by 76 (53%). Lack of knowledge was the most commonly cited reason for not using imagery (n=61; 43%) and arousal regulation (n=55; 38%). Participants rated workshops, courses, or formal education as the most useful methods of learning to use psychological skills training in clinical work.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Goal-setting is commonly used by Scandinavian physical therapists. However, only approximately half of participants report using imagery and/or arousal regulation in knee injury rehabilitation. This may indicate that best-evidence recommendations for treatment are not being met. Future research should explore methods for providing education and practical strategies for encouraging clinical use of psychological interventions.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>3.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 11","pages":"1496-1508"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11670785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing the Copenhagen Adductor Exercise and Nordic Hamstring Exercise in West African Academy Soccer Players: An Intervention Study.","authors":"Matthew D DeLang, Lasse Ishøi, Maren Nielsen Hole, Prince Wilson, Michael Segbefia, Kristian Thorborg","doi":"10.26603/001c.123510","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.123510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study implemented the Copenhagen Adductor Exercise (CAE) and Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) to examine 1) whether CAE and NHE interventions are associated with adductor and hamstring strength gains in youth African male soccer players and 2) whether strength changes after a rest period and secondary intervention.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Pre-post intervention study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four African elite male academy players (age 14.7±1.5 [12-18] years) participated in twice weekly CAE and NHE interventions for 8- and 10-week periods separated by a 4-week rest. Long lever adductor squeeze strength and prone isometric hamstring strength were measured with mixed-effects linear regression models to observe strength changes over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-six and 95% of CAE and NHE sessions were completed in each intervention, with no adverse events related to the execution of the exercises. Adductor squeeze strength increased during the first intervention (baseline 3.23 [2.99-3.47] N/kg, post-intervention 3.53 [3.30-3.76] N/kg, p=0.911) and was maintained following the rest period (3.52 [3.27-3.76] N/kg, p=0.999) and second intervention (3.60 [3.35-3.84] N/kg, p=0.002). Hamstring strength improved during the first intervention (baseline 4.95 [4.42-5.49] N/kg, post-intervention 5.48 [4.95-6.02] N/kg, p<0.001), decreased to baseline during the rest period (4.98 [4.44-5.53] N/kg, p=0.996), and did not improve during the second intervention (5.01 [4.46-5.55] N/kg, p=0.978).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CAE and NHE interventions can be implemented at an elite African academy with high compliance. Adductor and hamstring strength improved in the first intervention, with no further improvements in the second intervention. Secondary interventions therefore should include higher exercise volume or load to improve longitudinal adductor and hamstring strength.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level III (Cohort Study).</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 10","pages":"1188-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11446729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Utility of the Seated Wall Angel as a Test with Scoring.","authors":"Chad Kofoed, Allison Palmsten, Jonathon Diercks, Michael Obermeier, Marc Tompkins, Terese L Chmielewski","doi":"10.26603/001c.123512","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.123512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The seated wall angel (SWA) is an intervention to improve upper quarter mobility but has not been described as a clinical test with scoring.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis/ purpose: </strong>To explore the clinical utility of the SWA as a test with scoring. The authors hypothesized that SWA test scores would be lower on the injured than uninjured side, improve over time, and show stronger association with patient-reported shoulder function than shoulder mobility tests.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with anterior shoulder instability and referred to physical therapy participated. Testing occurred after physical therapy examination (initial) and six weeks later (follow-up). Rehabilitation was not controlled. Testing included clinical tests (SWA, passive shoulder external rotation range of motion, total arc of motion) and patient-reported outcomes including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form, (ASES) and the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI). The SWA test was scored 0 to 3 points bilaterally based on number of body contacts with the wall (i.e., elbows and fingertips, posterior fingers, posterior forearm). Passive range of motion was measured with a standard goniometer. SWA scores were compared between sides at initial testing and compared between testing timepoints on the injured side. Associations among injured side clinical test values and patient-reported outcome scores were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean (SD) SWA score on the injured side was significantly lower than the uninjured side at initial testing [1.6 (1.0) vs 2.2 (1.1), p = 0.045] and significantly increased at follow-up testing [2.4 (1.0), p = 0.041]. Only SWA test score was significantly correlated with ASES (r=0.597) and WOSI (r=-0.648) scores at initial testing, and SWA test score was significantly correlated with WOSI score at follow-up testing (r=-0.611).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clinical utility of the SWA test is supported by distinguishing the injured and uninjured sides and having stronger associations with patient-reported shoulder function than shoulder mobility tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"19 10","pages":"1228-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11446728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}