International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in the Evaluation of the Glenoid Labrum.","authors":"Robert C Manske, Chris Wolfe, Phil Page, Michael Voight","doi":"10.26603/001c.168209","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.168209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The glenoid labrum surrounds the glenoid fossa augmenting its depth and diameter. Along with the glenohumeral capsule and ligaments, it is crucial for shoulder stability. Glenoid labral injuries are very common due to both sports and trauma to the shoulder. When torn the labrum can cause shoulder instability, pain and dysfunction, causing a limitation of function for many essential shoulder movements used in daily living. Lesions of the glenoid labrum require an accurate diagnosis so that decisions about conservative versus surgical treatment can be determined. An accurate diagnosis of labral tears is essential for appropriate treatment planning and optimizing patient outcomes. Diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) has become an imaging modality that is widely used in the assessment of several shoulder pathologies. It offers a portable, real-time, and cost-effective alternative that is gaining traction in rehabilitation and sports medicine settings. MSKUS has emerged as a valuable, non-invasive imaging modality for evaluating glenoid labral tissue. In fact, almost the entire labrum can be visualized using MSKUS. This manuscript will review the utility of MSKUS in evaluating glenoid labrum tissue quality, sonographic techniques, and clinical implications for those in the rehabilitation profession. By integrating MSKUS into clinical practice, providers can improve the accuracy of diagnosis, enhance diagnostic confidence, monitor healing progression, and guide rehabilitation strategies to optimal patient outcomes for those with glenoid labral injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 9","pages":"917-922"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shoulder Internal and External Rotator Strength Reliability and Validity in Healthy Adolescent Athletes.","authors":"Katie Sloma, Garrett Robbins, John Arvesen, Ashley Erdman, Alex Loewen, Joshua Riesenberg, Ava Davis, Henry Ellis, Philip Wilson, Sophia Ulman","doi":"10.26603/001c.167115","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.167115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Handheld dynamometry (HHD) has been recommended in return-to-play (RTP) assessments following shoulder injuries; however, variations in testing methods limits interpretation of results. In contrast, isokinetic dynamometry is considered gold-standard for assessment of strength but is less accessible than HHD. Further assessment is needed to identify which shoulder HHD testing positions best reflect isokinetic dynamometry values and can be used to guide RTP practices in adolescent athletes. # Purpose To compare HHD strength values of shoulder internal rotators (IR) and external rotators (ER) to isokinetic values in healthy youth athletes.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross Sectional.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy, youth athletes aged 14-18 years with no history of upper extremity musculoskeletal or neuromuscular conditions or injuries in the prior six months were recruited from local teams, clubs, and youth sports organizations. Participants completed strength testing on dominant (DOM) and non-dominant (NON) limbs in three HHD testing positions: prone, seated, and supine. Isokinetic testing (Biodex) was completed seated at 60 degrees/second. Differences between Biodex measures and HHD conditions, as well as between HHD conditions, were evaluated using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with effect sizes (r) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 64 participants (37 male; 16.8±1.0 years) participating in primarily football, baseball, lacrosse, volleyball, and basketball were included for analysis. Seated HHD for IR differed from Biodex on both limbs (p<0.001) and from prone on the non-dominant limb (p<0.001). Between HHD positions for the IR's, seated differed from prone and supine bilaterally (DOM: p<0.001; NON: p<0.001). For the ER's, HHD measures differed from Biodex in all positions (DOM: p<0.001; NON: p<0.001). Between ER HHD positions, seated differed from prone and supine bilaterally (DOM: p<0.001; NON: p<0.001). Agreement between Biodex and HHD positions was consistently small for ER (DOM: ICCs=0.28-0.43; NON: 0.29-0.38) and was strongest in prone for IR (DOM: ICC=0.81, 95%CI=0.69-0.88; NON: ICC=0.84, 95%CI=0.65-0.92).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that HHD shows agreement with isokinetic dynamometry for strength of the shoulder IR's in adolescent athletes when assessed in prone or supine; however, HHD is poorly correlated with isokinetic strength measures of the ER's. # Level of Evidence 3.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 9","pages":"852-861"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adductor-Related Athletic Groin Pain: A Clinical Commentary.","authors":"Derrick Larkins, Robert Rowland, Michael Zarro, Odessa Addison","doi":"10.26603/001c.167118","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.167118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adductor-related athletic groin pain (ARAGP) is a common condition in athletes participating in multidirectional, high-intensity sports. It is challenging to diagnose and manage due to complex regional anatomy and overlapping clinical presentations. ARAGP represents the most frequently reported subtype of athletic groin pain and contributes substantially to time loss from play and performance limitation. This clinical commentary synthesizes current evidence related to the anatomy, risk factors, pathomechanics, imaging considerations, prevention strategies, rehabilitation principles, and return-to-sport decision-making in athletes with ARAGP. Established risk factors include prior groin injury, reduced eccentric hip adduction strength, hip adduction-to-abduction strength imbalances, and reduced hip range of motion. Diagnostic imaging, including magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound, plays an important role in confirming injury location and severity when clinical findings are equivocal. Current evidence supports progressive strengthening, eccentric loading, neuromuscular training, and structured prevention programs in reducing injury incidence and facilitating safe return to participation. While movement assessment and strength profiling may aid clinical decision-making, further research is needed to clarify injury mechanisms and optimize screening and prevention strategies. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to provide clinicians and sports performance professionals with an evidence informed framework for the recognition, management, and risk reduction of adductor related athletic groin pain (ARAGP). # Level of Evidence 5.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 9","pages":"890-905"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isokinetic Quadriceps and Hamstring Peak Torque in Athletes Aged 10-50+: Preoperative Uninvolved Limb Reference Values for ACL Reconstruction.","authors":"John D Kipp, Amy L Bednarek, Marc A Sherry, Michael W Keefe, Elizabeth S Chumanov","doi":"10.26603/001c.166786","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.166786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current recommendations for quadriceps and hamstring peak torque normalized to body mass after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are derived from athletes in the second and third decades of life. There is a paucity of literature exploring the relationship between sex, age, and peak torque normalized to body mass.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between age and isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring peak torque normalized to body mass, as well as the hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio (H:Q ratio), and to evaluate differences between sexes, using the uninvolved limb from pre-ACLR testing.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective review of prospectively collected data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three hundred twenty-one athletes were identified in the UW Health Sports Rehabilitation Database that had a planned anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and had undergone pre-operative isokinetic testing of their quadriceps and hamstrings at 60°/sec on their uninvolved limb between July 2021 and January 2026. For reporting purposes, athletes were grouped into the following age groups: 10-14, 15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, and 50+. Linear regression models were used to examine the relationships between age (continuous), sex (binary), and their interaction on quadriceps peak torque normalized to body mass (Nm/kg), hamstring peak torque normalized to body mass (Nm/kg), and the H:Q ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is a linear decrease in quadriceps (β = -0.016 Nm/kg per year, p < 0.001) and hamstring (β = -0.009 Nm/kg per year, p < 0.001) peak torque normalized to body mass with age. Males have higher mean quadriceps and hamstring peak torque normalized to body mass at all ages compared to females, although this difference was not statistically significant. Age explained 25% and 24% of the variance in normalized peak torque for the quadriceps and hamstrings, respectively. H:Q ratios stayed relatively the same with age and sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As athletes age, their quadriceps and hamstrings peak torque normalized to body mass decreases. Clinicians should acknowledge these differences when making recommendations throughout anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 9","pages":"832-842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537920/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Re-activation of Functionally Inhibited Hamstring Muscles via Real-Time EMG Visual Feedback in an Asymptomatic Masters Sprinter: A Case Report.","authors":"Ryuta Kinugasa, Shimpei Kubo","doi":"10.26603/001c.165272","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.165272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Masters athletes inevitably face age-related neuromuscular alterations, such as dynapenia, where the loss of muscle strength and power exceeds the loss of muscle mass. In sprinters, the selective loss of neural drive to the posterior chain impairs performance and increases injury risk. This condition often resembles a functional analogue of arthrogenic muscle inhibition, occurring even without structural damage. This case report highlights the application of real-time visual feedback (VFB) to overcome functional neuromuscular inhibition in a masters sprinter.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>The 41-year-old participant had struggled with hamstring activation failure during Romanian deadlifts for two decades, a phenomenon resembling learned non-use despite the absence of structural injury. A wireless electromyography (EMG) system was used to provide real-time visual feedback of hamstring muscle activity.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>Following VFB intervention, the participant exhibited a dramatic increase in hamstring EMG amplitude compared to the control condition (without VFB). The muscle activity demonstrated a dramatic surge, rising from a negligible baseline (~ 0.014 mV) to ~0.574 mV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This 40-fold increase suggests that VFB can facilitate higher EMG output and re-recruit high-threshold motor units. These findings underscore the potential of VFB as a neuro-cognitive intervention to facilitate higher EMG output in aging athletes exhibiting functional inhibition.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>4.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 8","pages":"783-789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Way of Testing Hip Extension and Flexion Strength, and Strength Ratio in the Clinical Setting: Is it Reliable?","authors":"Anders Pålsson, August Estberger, Kristian Thorborg","doi":"10.26603/001c.165383","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.165383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hip muscle strength is considered an important parameter to assess in patients with hip and groin pain. However, hip extension and flexion strength measures are often performed in hip angles suboptimal for force production and do not allow for calculating meaningful strength ratios.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of testing maximal isometric strength in extension and flexion in a semi-standing position with 60° hip flexion.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Observational reliability study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty healthy subjects (mean age 27 (SD 7), 43% women) were recruited. An anchored dynamometer was used to measure maximal isometric force production in hip extension and flexion in a semi-standing position with the hip at 60° flexion. One tester performed the tests on two separate occasions. For relative reliability, intraclass correlation (ICC2,1, (Two-way mixed effects, single measurement, absolute agreement) was used. For absolute reliability, standard error of measurement (SEM%), and minimal detectable change at both group (MDC%group), and individual level (MDC%ind) was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences between test sessions were observed (p≥0.193). The results showed good to excellent relative reliability for extension (ICC 0.933) and flexion (ICC 0.884) and moderate relative reliability for strength ratio (ICC 0.694). For absolute reliability SEM% for extension was 8.2%, flexion 9.1%, and strength ratio 10.6%, MDC%group ranged from 4.2% to 5.6%, and MDC%ind ranged from 22.6% to 29.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Assessing isometric hip extension and flexion strength with the hip at 60° flexion in a semi-standing position demonstrated good intra-tester reliability in healthy young adults. The method appears suitable for detecting changes at the group level, while the relatively large individual-level variability should be considered when interpreting changes over time in individual subjects.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>3.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 8","pages":"728-736"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrared Kinesiology Tape Increases Skin Temperature and Red Blood Cell Flux at Rest.","authors":"Max Jordon, Chan Aung, Evan Elgart, Garrett Loveland, Stephanie Smith, Gunnar Sneed, Frank Tudini, David Levine","doi":"10.26603/001c.165276","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.165276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kinesiology tape is used to treat various MSK conditions. The mechanisms behind kinesiology tape are not fully understood, although several theories exist. Research aims to understand the relationship between kinesiology tape and blood flow, as the current literature cannot discern kinesiology tape's effects over placebo.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in skin temperature and cutaneous blood flow of the unilateral erector spinae with the application of Thrive \"Far Infrared\" kinesiology tape.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Controlled Laboratory Study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five participants had Thrive \"Far Infrared\" kinesiology tape randomly assigned to one side of their back while Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) probes monitored red cell flux and tissue temperature bilaterally for 40 total minutes of measurement. While the participants were maintained a prone position, baseline data were gathered over 5 minutes, followed by a 30-minute taped period where the LDF probes continuously recorded data. A final, non-taped 5-minute period to record return to baseline data concluded the session. A two-way mixed repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess for changes in flux and temperature over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The tape side demonstrated greater flux and cutaneous temperature values compared to the non-taped side (p <0.001, d=0.864) at all follow-up periods. Effects lingered even into the post-removal period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates an increase in cutaneous blood flow and skin temperature with the application of Thrive \"Far Infrared\" kinesiology tape in individuals in static positioning. The clinical significance of these findings remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>2B.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 8","pages":"756-763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated Return to Competition Following a Full-Thickness Abdominal Wall Tear in an Elite Sprinter: A Data-informed Case Report.","authors":"Paul Carragher, Frank O'Leary, Kate Kirby, Martina McCarthy, Sarh Jane Cullen, Claire J Brady","doi":"10.26603/001c.165381","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.165381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Muscle strain injuries are a leading cause of time loss in elite sport. While lower-limb muscle strains are well documented, full-thickness lateral abdominal wall tears involving the external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis are rare in elite sprinting, with limited evidence to guide rehabilitation or return-to-sport decision-making. The purpose of this case report was to describe the rehabilitation and return-to-competition process following a full-thickness lateral abdominal wall tear in an elite international sprinter. # Case Description A 22-year-old elite international sprinter sustained a full-thickness tear of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis during block acceleration. Rehabilitation commenced two days post-injury and emphasized early optimal loading, objective monitoring using trunk force profiling and sprint kinematic assessment, and collaborative decision-making across the medical, coaching, and performance teams. Progression was guided by athlete response and objective performance data rather than predetermined time-based criteria. # Outcomes Pain-free sprinting was achieved within 16 days, unrestricted training resumed by Day 18, and the athlete returned to competition on Day 28, recording a lifetime personal best of 10.08 seconds in the 100 m. Persistent asymmetries remained in selected trunk force measures despite successful return to competition. # Discussion This case report provides a descriptive example of individualized, data-informed rehabilitation following a severe abdominal wall injury and may contribute to ongoing discussion regarding the role of objective monitoring, clinical reasoning, and symmetry restoration in return-to-sport decision-making. # Level of Evidence 4.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 8","pages":"790-801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining the Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID), Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), and Maximal Outcome Improvement (MOI) values for individuals with acetabular dysplasia (AD) undergoing non-operative management.","authors":"Ashley E Disantis, Tom Ellis, Robert Kollmorgen, Connor Luck, Michael McClincy, Zain Shkoukani, David Young, RobRoy Martin","doi":"10.26603/001c.165039","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.165039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The International Hip Outcome Tool 12 (iHOT-12) is commonly utilized to track outcomes in individuals with acetabular dysplasia (AD). Clinically important outcome values (CIOVs) of the iHOT-12 in individuals with AD are not yet defined.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To define the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) change score, absolute PASS threshold, and maximal outcome improvement (MOI) value for the iHOT-12 in individuals undergoing physiotherapy (PT) for AD.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective cohort; psychometric property analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included individuals aged 10-35 years with a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of AD who were referred for conservative management at two centers between December 2023 and February 2025. At baseline assessment and after 8-10 weeks of PT, individuals completed the iHOT-12. At 8-10-week follow-up, individuals also completed three anchor questions on satisfaction and function. The MCID was calculated utilizing 0.5 times the standard deviation of baseline iHOT-12 scores. Receiver operator curve analysis was utilized to determine the PASS change score, absolute PASS threshold, and MOI value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-five patients (42 females, mean age 16.5 + 7.8) met the inclusion criteria. After 8-10 weeks of PT (mean follow-up time = 69 days), 25 (55.6%) participants were in the \"improved\" group and 20 (44.4%) were in the \"not improved\" group. The MCID was 8.5 points. A PASS change score of 15.2 was calculated for individuals who were satisfied with high sensitivity (.77) and specificity (.78) with an AUC = .76 (95% CI: .59-.93). An absolute PASS iHOT-12 threshold score of 62 (sensitivity = .62, specificity = .87) identified those who were satisfied with their hip function after a trial of PT with an AUC = .82 (95% CI: .67-.97). An MOI threshold of 22.9% was also calculated with high sensitivity (.69) and specificity (.88) with an AUC = .78 (95% CI: .61-.95).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study defines MCID, PASS change score, absolute PASS threshold, and MOI threshold for the iHOT-12 in patients with AD after 8-10 weeks of PT. While most individuals reported improvement in symptoms, only half of individuals were satisfied with their current level of function.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 8","pages":"737-745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Medial Knee Position Reflect Dynamic Knee Valgus? Comparing Kinematic Timing and Magnitude During a Three-Task Movement Screen.","authors":"Ashley Erdman, Ben Randoing, James J McGinley, Ava Davis, Sophia Ulman","doi":"10.26603/001c.165037","DOIUrl":"10.26603/001c.165037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Movement screenings have been implemented to mitigate the rising incidence of knee injuries in youth athletes. Despite interest, it remains unclear how well two-dimensional risk assessments reflect the multi-planar contributors to dynamic knee valgus.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate how medial knee collapse corresponds to dynamic knee valgus multi-planar components by comparing timing and magnitude of knee abduction and medial knee position.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adolescent female volleyball players completed a three-task movement screen captured with a 3D motion capture system consisting of a single-leg squat, single-leg drop landing, and double-leg vertical jump. Position and timing of most medial knee position (MMK) and maximum knee abduction angle (MKA) were extracted for each task, as well as components of dynamic knee valgus at those timepoints of interest. Kinematic variables, timings and positions at MMK and MKA were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most medial knee position occurred prior to maximum knee abduction angle for the single-leg drop landing (31.56% vs 37.40%) and the double-leg vertical jump (Loading phase: 28.48% vs 51.36%; Landing phase: 18.36% vs 57.68%). During the single-leg squat, participants demonstrated increased pelvic rise (MMK: 0.50° vs MKA: -1.52°) and greater hip adduction (MMK: 13.86° vs MKA: 10.95°) at the point of most medial knee position. Additionally, during the double-leg vertical jump task, the hip was less externally rotated at the point of most medial knee position (Loading phase: MMK: 2.52° vs MKA: -0.93°; Landing phase: MMK: -1.11° vs MKA: -3.81°).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Across all tasks, tibial rotation was more external when the knee was at its most medial position. Medial knee collapse measured in the 2D plane does not necessarily translate to components of dynamic knee valgus observed in 3D, though 2D peak knee medialization provides a clinically accessible tool to assess broader movement patterns of the lower extremity whenever 3D analysis is not feasible.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p>","PeriodicalId":47892,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy","volume":"21 8","pages":"718-727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}