{"title":"Empty Confidant Network Satisfaction and Mental Well-Being After the Age of 50: An Exploratory Study.","authors":"Dennis Rosenberg, Sharon Shiovitz-Ezra","doi":"10.1177/00914150261456761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00914150261456761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to examine the relationship between empty confidant network satisfaction and loneliness and depression. Theories of aggression and the stress and coping theory served as the study's theoretical framework. Data were obtained from Waves 8 and 9 of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. The sample included adults aged 50 years and older with no confidants in their personal networks (Wave 8: <i>N</i> = 1,138; Wave 9: <i>N</i> = 1,376). The data were analyzed on the entire sample and by gender using logistic and linear regression models. In each studied wave, low empty network satisfaction was associated with a higher risk of both depression and loneliness. However, empty network satisfaction was associated with a greater risk of loneliness than of depression. Gender-related cross-wave changes in odds ratios were found. The study uncovered another aspect of the complexity of interpersonal relationships in later life.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"914150261456761"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Early-Life Adversity and the Age of Smoking and Drinking Initiation: Examining Older Adults' Later-Life Mental and Self-Rated Health.","authors":"Qianxia Jiang, Yen-Chang Chang, Yen-Han Lee","doi":"10.1177/00914150261456754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00914150261456754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to examine whether early-life adversity (ELA) modifies associations between initiation age of smoking and drinking and later-life physical and mental health. Data came from 6,566 adults in the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Smoking and drinking initiation were classified as never, adolescent (<18), or adult (≥18). ELA included three childhood hardships (score 0-4). Outcomes were self-rated health (SRH), depressive symptoms, and anxiety severity. Ordinal logistic regression estimated associations and ELA interactions, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors. Adult smoking and both adolescent and adult drinking were associated with poorer SRH. ELA strengthened the association between adolescent smoking and SRH and heightened the anxiety risk associated with adult drinking. ELA alone did not predict depression, but was associated with higher anxiety. ELA strengthens the long-term health impacts of early smoking and drinking. Interventions addressing childhood hardship and preventing adolescent substance use may promote healthier aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"914150261456754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148206728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Women, Younger Adults, and Singles Were Most Likely to Report Loneliness During the Pandemic: Evidence From a 15-Month National Longitudinal Survey.","authors":"Ryan Best, JoNell Strough, Wändi Bruine de Bruin","doi":"10.1177/00914150251359473","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150251359473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-reports of loneliness were growing in the United States even before the COVID-19 pandemic. Preventative health measures during the pandemic, such as social distancing and lockdowns, raised concerns that self-reports of loneliness would further increase. Published literature from the first few months of the pandemic supported these concerns, but long-term effects were largely unknown. Here, we examined whether self-reported loneliness varied across the pandemic by gender, age, and co-residence with a romantic partner. We conducted an exploratory secondary analysis of 26 survey waves from the understanding COVID in America study spanning 15 months of the pandemic, starting from April 2020. Self-reported loneliness was consistently greater among women, younger people, and those not living with a romantic partner, but decreased across the pandemic for all demographic groups. A significant four-way interaction between survey wave, gender, age, and co-residence with a romantic partner showed that younger women who were not living with a romantic partner were the most likely to report loneliness at the beginning of the pandemic and showed the greatest reduction in risk of loneliness by the last survey wave. Based on our findings, we discuss potential interventions to decrease loneliness.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"399-420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accelerated Social Aging in the Lesbian and Gay Community: Psychosocial Factors Influencing Aging Perceptions in Lesbian and Gay Adults.","authors":"M Aaron Guest, Rachel E Koffer, Hannah L Giasson","doi":"10.1177/00914150251382809","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150251382809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesLesbian and gay individuals face unique experiences and expectations associated with growing older.MethodsIn a pilot study of perceptions of aging in lesbian and gay adults, 45 gay and 46 lesbian adult participants (ages = 55-87, 70% white) self-reported their health, perceptions of aging, community engagement, identity congruence, and stressful experiences.ResultsAccounting for age, health, subjective socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity, lesbian women reported better self-perceptions of aging than gay men (<i>b</i> = 0.50, <i>SE</i> = 0.16, <i>p</i> < .01). Greater outness (<i>b</i> = 0.04, <i>SE</i> = 0.01, <i>p</i> = .01) and fewer daily stressful experiences (<i>b</i> = -0.14, <i>SE</i> = 0.05, <i>p</i> < .01) were associated with better self-perceptions of aging. In contrast, LGBTQ+ community engagement (<i>b</i> = -0.11, <i>SE</i> = 0.12, <i>p</i> = .38) showed no relation.DiscussionThe study provides a preliminary model of how lesbian and gay adults view their aging and identifies psychosocial risk and resilience factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"421-434"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145606915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cross-sectional Associations of Self-Perceptions of Aging With Self-Efficacy, Depressive Symptoms, and Satisfaction With Life in Dementia Caregivers and Non-Caregivers.","authors":"Serena Sabatini, Shelbie Turner","doi":"10.1177/00914150251382810","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150251382810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study estimated the cross-sectional associations of self-perceptions of aging with self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction in dementia caregivers and non-caregivers; and tested whether these associations are stronger among dementia caregivers compared to non-caregivers. Data from the German Aging Study comprising 190 dementia caregivers (mean age = 65.69 years; SD = 10.11) and 4480 non-caregivers (mean age = 68.81 years; SD = 10.49) was used. Felt age, attitudes towards own aging, age-related cognitions, self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction were assessed. Regression models were estimated. Association for younger felt age with greater self-efficacy; younger felt age, more positive attitudes towards own aging, and fewer perceived physical losses with fewer depressive symptoms; and younger felt age and more positive attitudes towards own aging with greater life satisfaction were stronger for dementia caregivers than non-caregivers. Positive self-perceptions of aging may help maintaining self-efficacy, good mood, and life satisfaction when assuming challenging roles such as caregiving.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"459-481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13068312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ciara Carl, Ruth V Walker, Matt C Cavanaugh, William Higdon
{"title":"Ideal on Paper, Excluded in Practice: Age and Gender Bias in Job Advertisements.","authors":"Ciara Carl, Ruth V Walker, Matt C Cavanaugh, William Higdon","doi":"10.1177/00914150251359465","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150251359465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Researchers estimate that 20-40% of employers are influenced by bias in hiring decisions, with gender and age discrimination creating barriers, particularly during the attraction phase. We examined whether job ads include implicit preferences through gendered and age-based language. A total of 800 job ads from eight U.S. occupations were analyzed using exploratory latent content analysis, which informed a customized dictionary for linguistic inquiry and word count (LIWC). A 2 (industry) × 2 (gender dominance) mixed-design repeated measures ANOVA, we found significant differences in linguistic bias, with language favoring an older woman ideal most prevalent. White-collar industries exhibited higher overall bias, with interactions between industry and gender dominance. Despite this linguistic trend, older women continue to face hiring barriers-a disconnect we call the \"older woman paradox.\" One explanation may be HR demographics, as women aged 45 + comprise over 75% of HR managers. Implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"435-458"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144676169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intersectional Social Identity, Perceived Discrimination, and Mental Health Among Older Adults in India.","authors":"Shriya Thakkar, Hyunsu Oh","doi":"10.1177/00914150251382813","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150251382813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although adverse mental health outcomes linked to discrimination among older adults have been well acknowledged, our understanding of the discrimination-mental health link in non-Western paradigms is still limited. Using data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) with an intersectional approach, we examined how perceived discrimination was linked to the level of depressive symptoms among older adults in India and how this association was moderated by caste and gender. Our ordered logistic regression models indicated that higher levels of perceived discrimination are associated with an increased likelihood of reporting the most severe depressive symptoms among Scheduled Tribe (ST) women, as well as men and women from Other Backward Castes (OBC). In cases of less severe depression levels, the probabilities decline with increasing discrimination. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how intersecting caste and gender-based disadvantages shape mental health trajectories in later life within the Indian context.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"482-503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Formal and Informal Volunteering Among Older Adults: Associations With Health Across Sexual Orientations.","authors":"Joseph J Frey, Huei-Wern Shen, Yi Wang","doi":"10.1177/00914150251359460","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150251359460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies document the positive health benefits of volunteering among older adults. However, little is known about the relationships between volunteering and lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) older adult health. This study explored associations between volunteering and health across sexual orientations of older Americans. Using nationally representative 2016 Health and Retirement Study data, weighted ordinary least squares regression analyses were conducted. Included in this cross-sectional study were 204 LGB participants and 3,333 heterosexual participants. Results indicated that for heterosexual older adults, formal volunteering was positively associated with current memory rating (<i>p</i> < .05). For LGB older adults, there were no significant relationships between volunteering and health. Statistically, the findings suggest that the well-documented health benefits of volunteering may not be supported in the LGB older adult population; substantively, the findings suggest a need to examine socially constructed meanings of volunteering among LGB older adults and related benefits. Further research is urged.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"504-524"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisa E Stone-Bury, Alyssa M Premovich, Daniel L Segal
{"title":"A Differential Item Functioning Analysis of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders Across Younger and Older Age Groups.","authors":"Lisa E Stone-Bury, Alyssa M Premovich, Daniel L Segal","doi":"10.1177/00914150251382807","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150251382807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age bias on personality pathology measures creates challenges regarding assessment of personality disorders among older adults. This study cross-sectionally examined age bias on measures of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders' (AMPD) two diagnostic criteria. Younger and older adults in the United States completed the Levels of Personality Functioning Scale-Self-Report (LPFS-SR) and Personality Inventory for <i>Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition</i>-Brief Form (PID-5-BF). Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses examined bias on the item-level whereas differential test functioning (DTF) analyses investigated impacts on the domain-level. For the LPFS-SR, 23% of items demonstrated DIF, with the Empathy and Intimacy domains most impacted. For the PID-5-BF, 40% of items showed large DIF, with four of five domains demonstrating large age bias. Across measures, items showed evidence of bias for and against older adults. Findings indicate meaningful age bias on measurements of both AMPD diagnostic criteria, suggesting greater potential to mischaracterize findings when using these measures across the lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"377-394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}