{"title":"The Association Between Close Relationships and Happiness Among Older Adults.","authors":"Elnaz Abaei, Peter Martin","doi":"10.1177/00914150251352197","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150251352197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Close relationships have long been recognized as crucial in shaping older adults' happiness and well-being. This study investigated the longitudinal association between close relationships (including those with a spouse, children, and friends) and happiness among older adults using random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs), explicitly capturing changes over time. We pooled waves 10-11, 12-13, and 14-15 from the RAND file of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Our analytic sample included 15,758 individuals aged 50 years and older (Mean age = 67.14). We ran three RI-CLPMs to examine how close relationships with spouse, children, and friends affect the happiness of older adults. All models demonstrated a good fit with the data (spouse's model, χ<sup>2</sup> (<i>df</i> = 7) = 6.979, <i>p</i> = .43, comparative fit index [CFI] = TLI = 1.00; children's model, χ<sup>2</sup> (<i>df</i> = 8) = 13.91, <i>p</i> = .08, CFI = TLI = 1.00; friend's model, χ<sup>2</sup> (df = 8) = 17.35, <i>p</i> = .03, CFI = 0.999, TLI = 0.996). We also conducted a sensitivity analysis by computing models without missing data imputation. The results were mostly consistent with the initial analysis. In the initial waves, we did not find carry-over and spill-over effects between close relationships and happiness. However, carry-over effects were observed for models in the later waves. We also found that married individuals tended to be happier as they aged. Additionally, women were more likely to have close relationships with children and friends compared to men. These findings reinforce the dynamic nature of close relationships in later life, suggesting that long-term relationship stability contributes to happiness over time. Practical implications include encouraging companionship and communication within family networks and promoting peer support groups to strengthen social bonds and happiness in later adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"150-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tang Li, Carl F Pieper, Jane Frances Pendergast, Eric Hansen, Maria I Nardi, Emily M D'Agostino
{"title":"Longitudinal Analysis of Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Older Adults Participating in a Park-Based Fitness Program.","authors":"Tang Li, Carl F Pieper, Jane Frances Pendergast, Eric Hansen, Maria I Nardi, Emily M D'Agostino","doi":"10.1177/00914150241301014","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150241301014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, particularly among older adults. We examined changes in cardiovascular risk factors among older adults in a community-based fitness program in Miami-Dade County, FL. <b>Methods:</b> We used repeated measures linear mixed models to examine participants' cardiovascular risk factor changes over 28 months. Outcomes (body mass index, blood pressure, pulse, arm/leg strength, and mobility) were modeled accounting for park, individual, time, and sociodemographic factors (2017-2019). <b>Results:</b> The study included 210 participants (mean age 71 years; 86% female; 52% Hispanic, 38% non-Hispanic Black). Participation was positively associated with reductions in cardiovascular risk, including improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (-0.83 and -0.39 mmHg, respectively), mobility (-0.07 s) and arm strength (0.5 arm curls). Differences were observed in arm curls across sex and pulse across poverty areas. <b>Conclusion:</b> Participating in a park-based fitness program was associated with improved older adults' cardiovascular health.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"135-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ke Li, Fengyan Tang, Soonhyung Kwon, Yanping Jiang
{"title":"Social Isolation and Depressive Symptoms of Older Chinese Immigrants: The Mediating Effect of Activity Engagement.","authors":"Ke Li, Fengyan Tang, Soonhyung Kwon, Yanping Jiang","doi":"10.1177/00914150241297414","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150241297414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: This study aimed to examine the differential impacts of two forms of social isolation on depressive symptoms and investigate the mediating role of activity engagement among older Chinese immigrants. <b>Methods:</b> Data were from four waves of the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago Study (PINE) (<i>N </i>= 2,075). Social disconnectedness was measured by social network size and range, living arrangement, and marital status. Perceived isolation was measured by loneliness and lack of social support. Activity engagement was assessed by engagement with various social and cognitive activities. <b>Results:</b> The latent growth curve models indicated that social disconnectedness and perceived isolation were associated with a higher initial level of depressive symptoms. However, perceived isolation predicted a faster decline in depressive symptoms. Activity engagement had significant mediating effects on the relationships. <b>Discussion:</b> Efforts should focus on reducing social isolation and providing opportunities for activity engagement to mitigate depression among older Chinese immigrants.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"22-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arjan W Braam, Joke C van Nieuw Amerongen-Meeuse, Tjalling J Holwerda, Hanneke Schaap-Jonker, Dorly J H Deeg, Aartjan T F Beekman, Martijn Huisman
{"title":"Affective Aspects of Religiousness and 6-Year Course of Depressive Symptoms in Aged Dutch Citizens.","authors":"Arjan W Braam, Joke C van Nieuw Amerongen-Meeuse, Tjalling J Holwerda, Hanneke Schaap-Jonker, Dorly J H Deeg, Aartjan T F Beekman, Martijn Huisman","doi":"10.1177/00914150241297575","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150241297575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In prospective studies on religiousness and depressive symptoms, it remains unclear whether religiousness is a predictor or parallels the fluctuating course of depressive symptoms. The current study focuses on several affective aspects of religiousness in their associations over time with late life depressive symptoms. As part of the population-based Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, a subsample of 222 respondents (mean age 76.3 years) completed up to three postal questionnaires with 3-year intervals. The questionnaires included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale and subscales of the Questionnaire God Representations and the Brief Religious Coping scale. Analyses were performed using mixed model analysis and logistic regression. Positive feelings toward God were associated with fewer depressive symptoms over time. Anxiety toward God, discontent about God, and negative religious coping predicted more depressive symptoms over time (between-subject effects) but also tended to run parallel to the course of depressive symptoms (within-subject effects).</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"42-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grandparenting: Impact on Physical Activity, Dietary Habits, and Quality of Life.","authors":"Venetia Notara, Georgia Kelekian, Stamatia Kokkou, Pelagia Soultatou, Dimitrios Laggas, Anastasia Barbouni, Areti Lagiou, Evanthia Sakellari","doi":"10.1177/00914150241297577","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150241297577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Informal childcare supply may have a double-edged effect on grandparents' health and quality of life, as different aspects of it may exceed or subceed the capacity of the older persons, in various ways. This study aimed to assess the effect of grandparenting on physical activity, nutrition, and quality of life of older people. <b>Methods:</b> The study involved 152 grandparents ≥65 years old (69.2 ± 4.5 years). Data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire consisting of four sections: (a) sociodemographic profile, (b) physical activity assessment (IPAQ), (c) compliance with the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet score), and (d) quality of life assessment (WHOQOL-BREF). <b>Results:</b> Significant correlations were found concerning the care of grandchildren with physical activity, eating habits, and quality of life of older adults. The most notable results of regression analysis, regarding grandparenting effect, were the number of grandchildren being taken care of, which had a statistically significant negative effect on dietary habits, physical activity and quality of life, and being the only caregivers, which was positively associated with dietary habits, but negatively with the two other outcomes (all <i>p</i> < .01). <b>Conclusion:</b> The results showed that different aspects of informal childcare had statistically significant effects on dietary habits, physical activity, and overall quality of life in older people.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"65-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mélanie Levasseur, Daniel Naud, Volker Cihlar, Frank Micheel, Andreas Mergenthaler, Lise Trottier
{"title":"Situations of Vulnerability, Life Satisfaction, and Social Support of Older Women and Men: Results From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA).","authors":"Mélanie Levasseur, Daniel Naud, Volker Cihlar, Frank Micheel, Andreas Mergenthaler, Lise Trottier","doi":"10.1177/00914150251317453","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150251317453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Situations of vulnerability are associated with reduced life satisfaction. Although social support moderates the influence of situations of vulnerability, little is known about their associations. This study aimed to document situations of vulnerability and examine their association with life satisfaction among older adults, and the moderating effect of social support. Secondary analyses of cross-sectional data (<i>n</i> = 21,491; 73.4 ± 0.04) from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging, stratified by sex. Confirmatory factor analysis identified a vulnerability variable from physiological, psychological, socioeconomic and social indicators. Regression models examined the associations. For both sexes, depressive symptoms, chronic conditions and insufficient income best explained vulnerability, followed by dependence in basic activities of daily living, less social participation and living with fewer people. Vulnerability was associated with lower life satisfaction, and social support acted as a buffer against vulnerability. The buffering effect of social support reinforces recommendations concerning policies and interventions designed to increase networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"106-130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parental Style, Grandchild Problematic Behaviors, and Parental Role Demands Among Grandparent Caregivers.","authors":"Bert Hayslip, Julian Montoro Rodriguez, Janelle Fassi","doi":"10.1177/00914150241313312","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150241313312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study evaluates the impact of grandchild distress on parental competence as mediated by Baumrind's parental styles in a sample of 238 custodial grandparents (<i>M</i> age = 58.06). AMOS structural equation findings yielded a model which indicated that both the Laissez-Faire and Authoritarian styles each predicted role stress and/or parental efficacy. Laissez-Faire's mediating role was defined by its link to the grandparent age-internalizing/externalizing behaviors relationship in predicting parental efficacy (<i>beta </i>= -.54, <i>p </i>< .05) and parental role stress (<i>beta </i>= .36, <i>p </i>< .05). The Authoritarian style's mediating role was driven by child externalizing behaviors (<i>beta </i>= .22, <i>p </i>< .05), where Authoritarian styles in turn predicted (<i>beta</i> = .21, <i>p </i>< .05) parental efficacy. The Authoritative style did not emerge as mediational in nature. These findings illuminate the role of parental styles as explanatory factors in understanding the parental challenges that grandparents face in raising their grandchildren.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"82-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Age and Cultural Differences on the Relationship Between Aging Anxiety and Ageism: Focusing on Social Identity Theory.","authors":"Akari Kikuchi, Peter Martin, Yasuyuki Gondo","doi":"10.1177/00914150241297521","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150241297521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to test the hypothesis that the association between aging anxiety and ageism will be enhanced by age differently in the United States and in Japan. Data were obtained from online surveys in the United States (<i>M</i><sub>age </sub>= 40.44, <i>SD </i>= 14.98; 39.7% women; <i>n </i>= 886) and in Japan (<i>M</i><sub>age </sub>= 50.32, <i>SD </i>= 16.38; 52.7% women; <i>n </i>= 556). Our findings illuminate that the levels of aging anxiety in the Japanese participants were positively associated with their levels of ageism regardless of their age. On the other hand, for the American participants, the level of aging anxiety was positively associated with higher ageism only among older adults, and not among younger adults. Differences in lifespan or traditional values are thought to have alleviated the strength of the association between aging anxiety and ageism.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"3-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Navigating Perceived Employment Barriers: Sociodemographic Influences and Life Satisfaction Among Older Adults.","authors":"Chang Hyun Seo, Kathy Lee, Vivian J Miller, HeeSoon Lee, Cristina Rodriguez","doi":"10.1177/00914150241297371","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150241297371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study delves into the complex challenges surrounding the employment of older adults, investigating perceived barriers and their interaction with sociodemographic variables and life satisfaction. Utilizing data from 153 older adults and employing a cross-sectional design and multivariate analysis of covariance, the study uncovers significant associations between gender, age, race, and perceived barriers. Female, older, and racially diverse individuals report higher perceived employment barriers, indicating disparities influenced by sociodemographic factors. Gender and race interactions on these barriers are substantial, with life satisfaction emerging as a significant covariate affecting perceived employment barriers. These findings stress the importance of targeted interventions and policy reforms to address systemic inequalities and promote age-inclusive practices. By embracing diversity, fostering inclusivity, and championing age-friendly policies, stakeholders can create a more equitable labor market, empowering older adults to contribute meaningfully to society.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"468-497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceived Age Discrimination has Different Effects on Japanese People's Wellbeing Based on Age Groups.","authors":"Hidehiro Sugisawa, Ken Harada, Yoko Sugihara, Shizuko Yanagisawa, Masaya Shinmei, Hiromi Kitajima","doi":"10.1177/00914150241297395","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00914150241297395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study elucidates the direct and indirect effects of perceived age discrimination on depressive symptoms and life satisfaction among young, middle-aged, and older adults-through the mediator variables of psychosocial resources and aging stereotypes. Data were collected through a web-based survey conducted in Japan. The total sample size was 2400: 400 men and women in each of the age groups 20 to 39, 40 to 59, and 60 to 79. Our findings indicate that perceived age discrimination is linked depressive symptoms, even among young adults, who report more age discrimination than older adults. Its effect on life satisfaction, however, is stronger among older adults. Across age groups, most of its effect on life satisfaction was explained by both psychosocial resources and aging stereotypes. By contrast, its effect on depressive symptoms did not differ significantly by age group, and was partly explained by the mediators. These differing results may be attributable to selection bias in the web survey.</p>","PeriodicalId":47878,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Aging & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"426-449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}